1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

International Centre for Research in Agroforestry (ICRAF) - 肯尼亚

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Jomo Kenyatta University (Jomo Kenyatta University) - 肯尼亚

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

KARI Headquarters (KARI Headquarters) - 肯尼亚

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

18/09/2012

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Fanya juu terraces stabilized with nappier grass and sweet potatoes are earth bunds created by digging a trench along a contour and throwing the soil up slope to form an embankment that is stabilized with nappier grass and during maintenance phase, the accumulated sediments are removed and thrown on the lower side and stabilized with sweet potatoes.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The cross-sectional profile of a fanya juu terrace comprises an embankment to impound water, soil and nutrients, a storage area above the embankment to prevent overtopping by runoff and a berm or ledge to prevent the embankment soil from sliding bank into the trench. The trench below the embankment may or be retained. A Fanya juu terrace is often the first stage in the development of a bench terrace.

Purpose of the Technology: They effectively reduces slope-length, and hence soil erosion from steep croplands. In some cases, enlarged embankments are made to allow ponding of harvested runoff and, therefore, the structure can be used in water harvesting systems having external catchments. The soil bund retains water and thereby, safeguards yields even during droughts. In Embu County, farmers are very innovative. They ussually stabilize the up slope soil with nappier grass (fodder) and during the maintenance phase, the silt/sediments in the trench is scoped and thrown on the lower side where is stabilized with sweet potatoes vines.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: The construction of fanya juu terraces is labor intensive and involves digging a trench on the contour and throwing the soil up slope to form an embankment. Construction is carried out after laying out pegs on the contour, or at a gradient, as required. A berm of 15cm to 30 cm is left to prevent the embankment soil up slope to form an embankment, which should be stabilized with grass. The excavated trench should be as narrow as possible to reduce wastage of cultivated land. Where the trench can be used for planting tree crops such as bananas, it should be wide enough to accommodate the crop. The embankment should be planted with perennial grass to stabilize it.

Natural / human environment: Fanya juu terraces are popular in smallholder farms particularly in semi arid areas where they are quite effective in conserving moisture and nutrients. They are applicable in areas where soils are too shallow for level bench terracing and on moderately steep slopes (e.g. below 20%) They are not suitable for stony soil. They normally develop into out ward sloping bench terraces after a few years depending on the amount of soil which moves down slope and lodges above the embankment.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): The technology is safe for soil erosion conservation
Major land use problems (land users’ perception): There has been a lot of erosion due to poor protective measures. But the technology has successively manged to curb the continued erosion
Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Cropland: Ca: Annual cropping

如果由于技术的实施而导致土地用途发生变化，则在技术实施前说明土地利的用途。:

Cropland: Ca: Annual cropping

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• < 0.1 平方千米（10 公顷）

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main causes of degradation: soil management, Heavy / extreme rainfall (intensity/amounts), poverty / wealth
Secondary causes of degradation: labour availability

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

The technical drawing on the left hand side shows a typical fanya juu terrace stabilized with nappier grass on the upper slope and sweet potatoes vines on the lower down slope.

Location: Ena Location. Eastern Province
Date: 12.11.2012

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate (The extension officers need to demonstrate on how to construct the terraces)
Technical knowledge required for land users: high (The technology is good because it completely reduces soil losses)

Main technical functions: control of concentrated runoff: retain / trap

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Kshs

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

100.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Setting out the contours	结构性的	Initial stages
2.	Digging out the trench	结构性的	After setting the contour
3.	Planting nappier grass	结构性的	on the up slope
4.	Removing the sediments	结构性的	maintenance phase
5.	Planting of sweet potatoes	结构性的	maintenance phase

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	200.0	200.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	25.0	25.0	100.0
其它	Cuttings	ha	1.0	30.0	30.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					255.0

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	150.0	150.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	150.0	150.0	100.0
其它	Cuttings	ha	1.0	150.0	150.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					450.0

注释:

length of the structure

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

labour

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility: Medium
Soil drainage/infiltration: Good
Soil water storage capacity: Medium

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly common / average land users
Population density: < 10 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 0.5% - 1%

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 个人

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

注释:

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Fanya juu terraces stabilized with nappier grass prevents soil erosion by trapping and concentrating the runoff in the trenches.
They are source of nappier grass that is used for feeding farm animals.
They are source of food i.e. sweet potatoes.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Danger of soil turning back in the trenches while harvesting the sweet potatoes.	Care should be taken to avoid the soil from falling back in the trenches.
Habitat for pest like moles that are very fond of sweet potatoes	Use of appropriate methods to eliminate the moles.

7.1 信息的方法/来源