1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry, and Fisheries of Uganda (MAAIF) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

08/04/2000

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Run off water from a hill is harnessed and concentrated in a banana plantation using diversion and retention ditches respectively.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Runoff water is diverted from the road running by the farm, using diversion ditches, 0.3 m deep and 0.3 m wide. Water is led first into semi-circular infiltration ditches that are 0.3 m deep, and 2 m in diameter. From these ditches, water flows through the banana plantation and is held by infiltration basins around which are groups of banana stools. Setaria grass is planted to stabilize the edges of the basins and is also used to stabilize a bund which runs through the plantation. Mulching is practised throughout the plantation,
primarily to reduce the loss of valuable moisture.

Purpose of the Technology: The technology is used to control soil erosion by runnig water from the hill top and also to harvest water and retain soil moisture for the banana palms which need adequate soil moisture for proper production. Dry vegetation and stover are used as mulch to reinforce moisture conservation.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: The ditches are maintained by removing silt regularly. The grass is cut to avoid over growing.

Natural / human environment: The technology is applied on perennial crop land located in a semi arid area. The soil is predominantly sandy loam and shallow. Florence is a farmer and a married housewife. She is 40 years old and has a family of 12 to support
despite the fact the family is poorer than average. They own less than one hectare of land, but borrow an extra area to cultivate. Her main technical initiative is water harvesting, together with soil fertility improvement, in a matooke (cooking banana) plantation. She started in 1990. She practices harvesting of water from the road into her plantation, and has a system of trenches through which water circulates and is then held by basins around which are banana stools. She also mulches and plants grass barriers within
the plantation. There is some doubt whether the water harvesting can really be claimed as her own innovation, as there are variations of this practice in several nearby farms. Nevertheless her holistic management system is probably unique to the area.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

it is a farmer own intiative

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): adequate soil moisture, soil erosion by wind and running water, and declining soil fertility

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): unreliable rainfall, soil erosion, pest and diseases and inadequate capital

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 90Longest growing period from month to month: Mar - JunSecond longest growing period in days: 90Second longest growing period from month to month: Sep - Nov

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 集水
• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）
• 引水和排水

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• 1-10 平方千米

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 10 m2.

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion, Ha: aridification

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Water harvesting for banana cultivation

Location: Kumi. Uganda

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: low

Main technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: retain / trap, improvement of soil structure, water harvesting

Vegetative measure: on top of earth workd
Vegetative material: G : grass

Vegetative measure: Vegetative material: G : grass

Vegetative measure: Vegetative material: G : grass

Vegetative measure: Vegetative material: G : grass

Trees/ shrubs species: mango

Perennial crops species: bananas

Grass species: setaria

Retention/infiltration ditch/pit, sediment/sand trap
Vertical interval between structures (m): R
Spacing between structures (m): R
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.3
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 1.5
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): R

Structural measure: diversion ditch/cut-off drain
Vertical interval between structures (m): r
Spacing between structures (m): r
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.3
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.3
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): R
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.3
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.3
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): R

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	formation of bunds	植物性的	dry season
2.	planting grass	植物性的	beginning of rains
3.	digging ditches, making bunds	结构性的	dry season
4.	planting grass	结构性的	beginning of rains
5.	mulching	结构性的	end of rain

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	120.0	120.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	50.0	50.0	100.0
植物材料	Seedlings	ha	1.0	200.0	200.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					370.0

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	cuttin back	植物性的	/each cropping season
2.	mulching banana	植物性的	/twice a season
3.	desilting	结构性的	rainy/each cropping season
4.	cutting back the grass	结构性的	when overgrown/each cropping season
5.	mulching	结构性的	each cropping season

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	1440.0	1440.0	100.0
设备	Tools	ha	1.0	50.0	50.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					1490.0

注释:

labour, length of structure

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

labour, soil depth, tools

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility: Medium
Soil drainage/infiltration: Good
Soil water storage capacity: Low

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 10-50 persons/km2
Annual population growth: > 4%
10% of the land users are rich and own 20% of the land.
25% of the land users are average wealthy and own 30% of the land.
60% of the land users are poor and own 50% of the land.
5% of the land users are poor.
Off-farm income specification: most of the income is derived from the farm, however some members are employed outside.
Level of mechanization: Manual work (only family labour)
Market orientation: Mixed and subsistence (bananas produced for home consumption and surplus for sell)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

• customary

土地使用权:

• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

50% of area covered

注释:

60% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

100 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: Water harvesting in bananas is becoming an increasingly common practice in Kumi District. It is not possible to say currently how many families have taken up this technology – or indeed how many of these can be directly attributed to Florence’s example.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
big bunch of banana How can they be sustained / enhanced? maintain ditches
healthy banana plantation
increased food production
reduced weeding
increased income

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
soil erosion control How can they be sustained / enhanced? continue desilting
harvesting of runoff
improved soil conditions How can they be sustained / enhanced? continue mulching
improved yields and size of the bunches
increased income

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
labour is very expensive	need labour and money
time consuming

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
labour intensive	need of tools and money to pay the casuals

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Kithinji M., Critchley W. 2001. Farmers' initiatives in land husbandry: Promising technologies for the drier areas of East Africa. RELMA Technical Report series no. 27

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Atlas of Uganda (1967) Dept of land and survey

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Entebbe Ministry of Agriculture, animal industry and fisheries, progress report on promoting farmers innovatio project (1997-2000) (Draft)

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Entebbe FAO - UNESCO (1990) Soil map of the world food and Agriculture org.

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

ROMR The soil of Eastern Region of Uganda(1964) Dept of land and survey Entebbe