1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Development of Kenya (MoA) - 肯尼亚

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

05/05/1999

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Diversion of runoff from the road and its environment into farm land

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Diversion channel to harvest run off water from the road catchment. Individually constructed and maintained. The runoff water harvesting has a rainfall "multiplier " effect because it closes the gap between the actual precipition and the crop water requirement. Maintenance (reconditioning) is done mainly during the land preparation in the dry spell. The run is collected and distributed on the cultivated lad through canal systems. This technolgy is meant for semi arid conditions. It can also be applied in the good rainfall areas during poor seasons with crop moisture deficiency particularly during dry speells.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

注释（项目类型等）:

Own initiative and innovativeness

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Erratic rainfall for crop production and vegetative cover for livestock and declining fertility

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Low rainfall, poor yields and little grass for livestock, and high cost of inputs

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 105Longest growing period from month to month: Oct - JanSecond longest growing period in days: 85Second longest growing period from month to month: Mar - May

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 引水和排水

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• 100-1,000 平方千米

注释:

A farmer initiative technology

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Main measures: structural measures

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Ha: aridification

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: low

Technical knowledge required for land users: low

Main technical functions: control of concentrated runoff: retain / trap, control of concentrated runoff: impede / retard, control of concentrated runoff: drain / divert, improvement of ground cover, increase of infiltration, increase / maintain water stored in soil, water harvesting / increase water supply

Secondary technical functions: sediment retention / trapping, sediment harvesting

Construction material (other): *Diversion ditch /COD gradient along the structure 0.25%

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Kenya Shilling

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

27.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	excavation	结构性的	before rains
2.	alignment/finishing	结构性的	during the rains

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	desilting	结构性的	during rains/on demand
2.	desilting	结构性的	dry spell/once

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

per metre length of the structure

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

slope determine the depth of the channel and soil type and distance from the road to the farm determines labour requirements

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Slopes on average: Also gentle

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil depth on average: Also deep

Soil fertility is low

Soil drainage / infiltration is good

Soil water storage capacity is medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 10-50 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 2% - 3%

60% of the land users are average wealthy and own 60% of the land.
30% of the land users are poor and own 30% of the land.
10% of the land users are poor and own 10% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: employment outside the farm and area

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 社区/村庄
• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 社区（有组织）
• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

30 households

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 90-100%

注释:

Comments on acceptance with external material support: estimates

10% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

30 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: more land users are harvesting runoff from the road

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Kenya population census. 1989.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

CBS, Nairobi

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

SWC manual for Kenya. 1997.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

SWCB/MoA, Nairobi

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Farm managent handbook of Kenya. 1983.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

FMD/MoA, Nairobi