1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

13/04/2012

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

A special tractor-pulled plow that automatically constructs water-harvesting catchments, ideally suited for large-scale reclamation work.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The Vallerani implement is a modified plow, pulled by a heavy-duty tractor. First, contour lines are marked on the slope. The tractor follows a contour line, and the plow makes a furrow about 50 cm deep. A normal plow on flat land excavates a symmetrical furrow, and earth piles up equally on both sides of the furrow. The Vallerani plow creates an angled furrow and piles up the excavated soil only on the lower (downhill) side. This soil forms a ridge that stops or slows down runoff water as it flows downhill.

The plow can dig a long continuous furrow. Alternatively, as it moves forward, the plow blade can also move up and down (i.e. in and out of the soil), creating a series of small basins, each with a ridge. The size and spacing of basins will depend on the frequency of the up-and-down movement of the plow, which can be adjusted.

When a furrow or pit fills up, the overflow enters the next microcatchment, flows into the next furrow or pit, and so on. Shrubs are planted in pits along the ridges. With moisture readily available, they grow rapidly, providing livestock fodder and helping to conserve the soil. The furrows/basins also slow down runoff flows, preventing erosion.

The Vallerani plow can ‘treat’ 30 ha in a single day, building scores of micro-catchments. For example, the 100-ha Qaryatein site, a highly degraded area at the center of the Syrian traditional grazing ground with 120 mm rainfall per year, was developed in 4 days. Preparation of pits and transplantation of shrubs took another 15 days. Once the project had invested in the tractor and the plow, the remaining cost of implementation – layout, planting shrubs, training farmers to build and maintain the system – was about US$1250, i.e. about $13 per hectare.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 10-50年前

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

Projects utilizing the Vallerani system up to July 2010:
- Niger (1988)
- Niger (1989-2003)
- Marocco (1989)
- Egypt, Sinai (1988-91)
- Niger (1996)
- Senegal (1997-98)
- Tunisia (1997-98)
- Syria (from 1997)
- Burkina Faso (1997-98)
- Chad (1998)
- Burkina Faso (1999), different areas
- Burkina Faso (2001)
- Burkina Faso (2003-13)
- Burkina Faso, Niger, Chad, Sudan, Kenya, Senegal (2004-2006)
- Syria and Jordan (2004-06)
- China (2005)
- Burkina Faso (2004-11), 15 projects

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保护生态系统

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Cropland: Ct: Tree and shrub cropping

如果由于技术的实施而导致土地用途发生变化，则在技术实施前说明土地利的用途。:

Grazing land: Ge: Extensive grazing land

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Main measures: vegetative measures, structural measures, management measures
Secondary measures: agronomic measures

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main causes of degradation: overgrazing (increasing number of sheeps (Jordan, Syria))
Secondary causes of degradation: crop management (annual, perennial, tree/shrub) (barley cultivation (Jordan))

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Main technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: retain / trap, control of dispersed runoff: impede / retard, control of concentrated runoff: retain / trap, control of concentrated runoff: impede / retard, improvement of ground cover, improvement of topsoil structure (compaction), water harvesting / increase water supply, promotion of vegetation species and varieties (quality, eg palatable fodder)

Secondary technical functions: improvement of surface structure (crusting, sealing), improvement of subsoil structure (hardpan), stabilisation of soil (eg by tree roots against land slides), increase in organic matter, increase / maintain water stored in soil, increase of biomass (quantity)

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	layout, planting shrubs, training farmers to build and maintain the system

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	layout, planting shrubs, training farmers to build and maintain the system	ha	1.0	13.0	13.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					13.0

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

7.1 信息的方法/来源