1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

28/04/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

Improves biodiversity in the grazing fields and improvement of soil fertility through rotational grazing where the goats wastes enhances soil fertility which enables the regeneration of natural pastures in the different paddocks.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Rotational grazing by improved goats variety enhances/ increases soil fertility, biodiversity and production of pastures and generates farmyard manure applied on cropland.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Rotational grazing is the shifting of livestock to different units of a pasture or range in regular sequence to permit the recovery and regrowth of the pasture plants after grazing, which increased forage production. Forage that are over-grazed or are less healthy from being grazed every few days have smaller root mass, which leads to less soil organic matter. Northern Uganda has tropical savannah climate characterized by moderate rainfall of 750-1000mm per annum. This region also experiences prolonged dry spells from June to July and also November to March characterised by wild fire outbreaks which retards pasture growth. Because of this, land user has to conserve pastures through rotational grazing in a paddock system. The land is gently sloping with moderate soil humus that has also supported the growth of pastures. The land user is a subsistence farmer who graze goat in a paddock system for pasture conservations, manure generation for cropland, and goats for home consumptions and sale. About 90% of his income is from on farm activities.
A well-managed controlled grazing program can increase quality forage production by 30-70% each year. Much of this increase in forage production is accomplished by minimizing overgrazing. In this technology, six paddocks were created measuring 40x50meters on a five acres’ piece of land. Goats are shifted from one paddock to another in an interval of one month and later shifted to another section. The water tank is also moved as the goats are shifted to another paddocks. The shifting is to reduce on overgrazing. The land user has 40 goats. Two paddocks are grazed at the same time with each having a carrying capacity of 20goats to minimize on overcrowding and congestion at the water point. controlled grazing is practiced in order to protect the area from the damages of grazing that is digging up roots and everything in the field since this will de-grass an area and make it susceptible for erosion. By limiting graze time, fields can produce all year round instead of being a one-time harvest. Goats are not allowed to graze a paddock until it is at least 10 to 12 inches in height. If grazed any shorter, this compromises root recovery, energy storage in the roots, and grass' ability to depend on photosynthesis alone. This is why the land user preferred rotational grazing to prevent overgrazing, and allow the forage plenty of time to recover.
The inputs needed for the establishment of this technology are pangas, hand hoes, slashers, poles, and labour force to carry out the work of paddock constructions. To main the technology, the over grown grass is slashed to a height of 10 to 12 inches in height which is consumable by goats, water point is cleaned every two weeks to avoid contamination, paddocks repaired and goats constantly checked for treatment
The technology provides beneficial impacts like improvement of organic matter content and pasture soil fertility as a result of spreading manure around the whole pasture while grazing and browsing. Grazing goats typically return to the water tanks or a single favourite shade tree. The manure deposited around water tanks/tree shade is collected and used as farmyard manure for the seasonal crop production like cereals, vegetables, and legumes.
The technology is disliked because it is tedious to look after so many goats, wild animal attacks and drought affects water supply and pasture growth for the goats.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2003

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 10-50年前

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

注释（项目类型等）:

Diversify source of income, improve on nutrition and improve soil fertility.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保持/提高生物多样性
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
• 减缓气候变化及其影响
• 创造有益的经济影响
• 创造有益的社会影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

conservation of pastures

如果由于技术的实施而导致土地用途发生变化，则在技术实施前说明土地利的用途。:

The land was used for crop growing like maize, simsim, sorghum.

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Rainfall is moderate which sustains pasture growth.

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

The goats graze the paddocks twice a year.

牲畜密度（如相关）:

cattle (08), goats (40), and poultry (50).

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 轮作制度（轮作、休耕、轮垦）
• 农畜综合管理

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• 0.1-1 平方千米

注释:

Rotational grazing

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

The mixed cropland is easily managed with livestock which provides manures to the cropland leading to high crop yields and pasture conservation.

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

high risks of fire outbreaks and prolonged dry spells.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

To promote diversification and prevent land degradation.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Five acres of land under paddock system of rotational grazing. The paddocks measures 40x50meter. Poles of about 1meter high are used to fenced the paddocks.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3718.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Clearning the bush through digging and slashing	管理	Dry season.
2.	Marking the paddocks and planting poles	管理	Dry season
3.	Fencing the area	管理	Dry season
4.	Installing the water tank	管理	Dry season
5.	Introducing the goats into the paddock	管理	Rainy season

注释:

Easy to eastablish rotational grazing.

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

注释:

The cost is manageable by the land user.

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Slashing the over grown grass	植物性的	wet season
2.	cleaning the water tank	管理	wet and dry season
3.	Refilling the water tank	管理	wet and dry season
4.	Repairing the paddock	管理	Dry season
5.	Creating firelines	管理	dry season

注释:

The land user protects his farm from the danger of fire outbreaks and pests.

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Record keeping is not done by the farmer.

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

The labour costs for fencing the paddocks, and the high costs of fencing materials.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凸形情况

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

The landscape is generally gentle easy to practice rotational grazing.

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

suitable for human consuptions and animals .

5.5 生物多样性

关于生物多样性的注释和进一步规范:

Different species of plants and animals coexist in the environment.

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

He totally depends on farming for livelihood.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

注释:

The technologies secure the land from land grabbers within the community. The land user has full right over his land.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

有关影响评估的意见:

The technology is highly sustainable.

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

注释:

The technology is sustainable.

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

The farmer has been able to generate income to improve his standard of living.

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

The technology has inspired many community members to engage in sustainable land management practices.

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

若是，说明它适应了哪些变化的条件:

• 气候变化/极端气候

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

indegineous pastures are conserved for the goats.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Conserve indegineous pastures.
The vegetation roots filters the surface water.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Availability of pastures for the goats through out the year.
The paddocks protects the land from land wrangles.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Limited capital to establish the paddocks.	Extenal support from doners.
Prolonged dry spells that retards pastures growth.	Practice climate smart agriculture like rotational grazing.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Limited labour force to look after the goats.	Employing farm workers.
Pests and diseases that disturb the goats.	Technical services from the extension workers.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Mixed crop-livestock farming - FAO

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

www.fao.org/docrep/004/Y0501E/y0501e03.htm

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

Mixed farming | ClimateTechWiki

URL:

www.climatetechwiki.org/content/mixed-farming