1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

12/05/2017

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

The protected vegetation where the bees are installed restores the environment since its not cultivated over and over again.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Modern bee hives are installed on natural trees in order to conserve the environment and provide honey and income.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Apiculture is a non-problematic enterprise promoted by small-scale farmers. Beehives are hanged by the land user on trees for purposes of conservation and obtaining income from the sale of honey. The technology is located on a gentle slope (3-5%) of 3 acres of land with 150 bee hives installed. The trees produce flowers from which bees collect nectar to make honey. The activities involved in the establishment include making or acquiring improved beehives, installing the hives, and buying honey-harvesting equipment. In addition, there are maintenance activities which are; the inspection of the hives for damages, repair of damaged hives, periodic harvesting of honey, clearing overgrowth within the apiary and marketing the honey. The inputs required for establishing such a technology include labour for bush clearing, placing the beehives within trees and construction of fire lines. Other inputs are beehives, a bee suit, smoker, bucket, filtering materials and bottles. These inputs require a lot of money. The benefits from this SLM technology are slightly negative due to the high costs of labour at the time of establishment but positive in the long term due to environmental conservation, provision of honey and income from the sale of honey and to some extent reduction in land cover depletion since no cultivation takes place where the bee hives are installed. The bees also play an important role in the well being of the ecosystem through pollinating flowers of plants within their reach.
The technology is easy to manage once established, because it does not require routine activities like weeding, spraying and watering. For other land users who may need to adopt this technology, they need to seek advice from extension agents on how to install the beehives.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2013

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新
• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

The land user started on his own and later he got support with trainings from other development programs e.g. the Northern Uganda Social Action Fund (NUSAF) and Operation Wealth Creation (OWC) / NAADS (National Agricultural Advisory Services).

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保护生态系统
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

August and March. Depending on the season.

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农业林学
• 养蜂、养殖业、家禽业、养兔业、养蚕业等

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• < 0.1 平方千米（10 公顷）

注释:

The land user is utilizing 3 acres of land currently for apiary.

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

The land user is establishing fire lines to keep away wild bush fires and making regular inspection of bee hives.

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 适应土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

The technology is installed on a gentle slope (3-5%) located on a 3 acres of land with 150 bee hives.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3400.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Installing bee hives location	结构性的	Once before establishment,
2.	Construction of hives (traditional and modern)	结构性的	Before establishment
3.	Place hives on forests or trees	结构性的	Before establishment

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Hired labour (installation)	persons	5.0	5000.0	25000.0
设备	Bee hives	Pieces	16.0	90000.0	1440000.0
其它	Transport	pick up	1.0	20000.0	20000.0
技术建立所需总成本					1485000.0

注释:

Modern hives are more expensive than local hives.

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Clearing around the apiary	管理	Once a year
2.	Hive inspection	管理	After every two weeks
3.	Repair of damaged hives	结构性的	Once after 2 years
4.	Regular checking of hives	管理	Regularly
5.	Filter honey from curbs to seprate wax	管理	At the time of harvesting

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Hired labour	persons	5.0	5000.0	25000.0
设备	Timber	Pieces	2.0	10000.0	20000.0
设备	Nails	kgs	2.0	7000.0	14000.0
设备	Wires	kgs	100.0	2000.0	200000.0
设备	buckets	Pieces	5.0	15000.0	75000.0
技术维护所需总成本					334000.0

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Modern bee hives are the most expensive and the costs of labour.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

The quality is good: land user uses bore hole water.

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

The land user is a hard working farmer and he is planning to plant trees in addition to the apiary technology and to start livestock (zero grazing) for animal manure production. The land user uses rudimentary tools (hoe, panga) for his agricultural production.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

注释:

The water is low during the dry season.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	适度
季节性温度	湿季/雨季	增加	适度
年降雨量		减少	适度
季雨量	湿季/雨季	减少	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	适度

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

At start the costs of establishment are high and reduce with time instead reaps alot of profits from the sales.

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

In the short run, the technology requires money to purchase modern bee hives at a costs of UGX 150,000 each.

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

若是，说明它适应了哪些变化的条件:

• 不断变化的市场

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

The land user started with local bee hives- later adopted use of modern bee hives from NAAD's.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Source of income with good market locally.
Its a source of employment for family members and those in the community.
Easy to manage once established. Does not have routine activities like weeding, spraying and watering. There for easy to manage.
Can be easily replicated by other land users with less or similar size of land else where.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The technology does not require alot of labour once established.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The apiary is near home stead and bees can bite people.	Relocating some bee hives which are too near.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The technology is a long term benefit: The land user need to Integrate other SLM practices for quick income	promoting zero grazing for manure and other products.

7.1 信息的方法/来源