1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

24/01/2018

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Indigenous Micro Organisms (IMO) are homemade microbe mixtures which foster rapid anaerobic digestion of waste to create and maintain a healthy deep bed litter flooring leaving behind a fertilizer rich material whilst ensure no smells or flies. The microbe mixtures are produced by fermenting natural plants with sugar.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Natural pig farming is a non-polluting system of raising healthy pigs that uses the Indigenous Micro Organisms (IMO) in the sty’s deep bed litter floor to rapidly decompose pig waste.
Indigenous Micro Organisms (IMO) is a homemade microbe mixture that fosters rapid anaerobic digestion of waste. It is produced by fermenting plant materials like sweet potatoes or rice with sugar.
Piggery is a profitable enterprise but there is a belief that pigs are dirty animals. But if they are well looked after, they are clean farm animals. The use of Indigenous Micro - Organisms (IMO) in piggery creates and maintains an aesthetic and sanitized deep bed litter floor. The micro-organisms in the IMO mixture help in breaking down and convert the fecal matter rapidly into an unharmful product leaving the farmer with a rich fertilizer material whilst ensuring an odorless environment that attracts no flies. Many pig keepers are now adopting the use of IMO to improve piggery.
The IMO is applied to wood dust and the micro-organisms digest the cellulose in wood dust. The bedding including the IMO is frequently turned to mix it with the pig excrete. The IMO solution is sprayed to the bedding once a week which ensures a high level of micro-organism activity thus keeping the bedding healthy and free from smell.
The following are the materials needed to make IMO:

-sweet potatoes
-sugar
-water
-mineral lick (crude salt)
-saucepan
-a 100-litre container

The IMO production process requires boiling 20kg of sweet potatoes with crude salt (200g) until the potatoes are well cooked. The cooked potatoes are mashed into a paste, placed into a polythene bag and buried in the ground, about two 5cm deep, in a shaded area, preferably under trees to protect it from direct sunlight. The mixture is buried for 1 week. After this period, the mixture is unearthed and for every 2kg of it 500g of sugar are added and mixed. The mixture is kept in a plastic bucket and left to stand for another full week. After this time, the mixture would have changed color to black without a smell. To multiply the mixture, add 1kg of IMO to 200 ltrs of water and keep for two days. You may add some brown sugar to make the multiplication process quick. After 2 days the solution is ready for use.

The advantages of the IMO are that the pigs’ excrements become odorless, clean and dry that you literally don’t even have to clean it out. The micro-organisms in the wood dust help in breaking down fecal matter rapidly, leading to the elimination of odor. The inputs are made from natural materials, which are not only safe for the environment, but actually invigorate and rehabilitate the ecology. In terms of disease control the conditions inside the sty do not favor survival of disease causing pathogens due to the presence of IMOs which literally feed on the pathogens. The system is non-labour intensive as sties don’t require daily, weekly or even monthly mucking out. Production of high quality organic fertilizer as the decomposed litter will be removed from the sty after 9 months and used as manure. This manure is rich in IMO and is useful in improving the soil health than chemical fertilizers.

The disadvantages of the technology are that the sweetness of the IMO solution attracts the pigs to lick the wood dust which can led to the ingestion of the bedding material including endoparasite eggs. It is therefore, recommended that the farmer controls such potential infections through regular deworming of the animals.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2016

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

The land user was introduced to the technology through a study tour to the United States of America

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 创造有益的经济影响

• Control disease out break, source of organic manure

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

注释:

The farmland has a swamp which is the main source of water

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Two rainy seasons

牲畜密度（如相关）:

200 pigs per 0.5 acre

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农畜综合管理
• 土壤肥力综合管理
• 废物管理/废水管理

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 适用于特定场所/集中在较小区域

注释:

The pigs are confined in the stalls and the other land is used for cropping.

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Bp: micro-organisms help break down fecal matter rapidly leaving a fertilizer rich material whilst ensure no smells or flies. They produce various materials such as anti-biotic substances, enzymes and lactic acids which suppress various diseases and promote chemical reaction in the soil.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化

注释:

The decomposed litter is used as manure (Organic fertilizer). The manure is rich in Indigenous Micro Organisms and is useful in improving the soil health.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

The sty is 50 m by 40 m and 1.5 m deep below the ground. Materials needed to construct included bricks to build the wall up to 1.2 meters high, wooden poles, roofing sheets (some transparent), welded wire mesh for the upper potion to allow proper ventilation. The floor is covered with wood dust to a depth of about 0.5 m, mixed with IMO solution while tapped water provided.

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

具体说明成本计算所用货币:

• 美元

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3600.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Plan and make the budget	管理	Monthly
2.	Purchase of the IMO ingredients	管理	Monthly
3.	Prepare the mixture	管理	Monthly
4.	Storage of the mixture	管理	Monthly

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

如果可能，按下表分列技术建立费用，并列明各项投入和每项投入的费用。如果您无法分解成本，给出建立该技术的总成本估算。:

159.12

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	Wage	1.0	111.1	111.1	100.0
设备	Potatoes	Kg	20.0	0.417	8.34	100.0
设备	Water	Litres	400.0	0.028	11.2	100.0
设备	Sauce pan	piece	1.0	8.33	8.33	100.0
设备	Sugar	kg	5.0	0.972	4.86	100.0
设备	Salt	kg	2.5	0.56	1.4	100.0
设备	100 Litre Contianer / drum	piece	1.0	13.89	13.89	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					159.12

注释:

The land user bore all the costs. Some of the costs are bore only at the initial establishment of the technology thus the costs vary with time

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Changing of wood shavings / dust	管理	After 9 months
2.	Turning of wood shavings / dust	管理	Everyday
3.	Provision of feeds	管理	Everyday

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

如果可能，按下表分解技术维护费用，并列明各项投入和每项投入的费用。如果您无法分解成本，给出维护该技术的总成本估算。:

1509.66

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	Month	12.0	111.1	1333.2	100.0
设备	Wood shavings / dust	Bags	200.0	0.139	27.8	100.0
设备	Sweet potatoes	kg	12.0	0.417	5.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Mineral licks	Kg	100.0	0.278	27.8	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Feeds	Kg	100.0	0.19	19.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Sugar	kg	30.0	0.97	29.1	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Salt	kg	10.0	0.056	0.56	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Water	Litres	2400.0	0.028	67.2	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					1509.66

注释:

The maintenance costs have been calculated on the annual basis. The price of water has been estimated since the land user uses free water piped from the swamp.

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Initial pig sty establishment costs and regular deworming costs.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Bushenyi district is a low lying plateau with undulating hills.

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

Water quality is sometimes affected by the run off water that collects in the swamp.

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 个人

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

The establishment costs are very high compared to the benefits gained in the short run but the benefits increase over time.

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

10 households in the village.

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 90-100%

注释:

Private initiatives.

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
It's a clean system of piggery using IMOs which create a healthy environment since it eliminates bad smell.
The wood dust can cheaply be obtained locally.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The technology is environmentally friendly as it does not produce bad smell which is common in normal piggery enterprises.
The technology is not labour demanding since only one full time labourer is employed.
The saw dust once removed from the sty is used as manure which improves the soil health hence increases crop production.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The technology is relatively expensive to establish

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
High initial costs to start the technology	Once established, it can be used for a very long time

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

URL:

https://www.scribd.com/doc/54536534/Organic-Piggery-in-Uganda-IMO

标题/说明:

Natural Pig farming

URL:

https://www.naturalpigfarming.com/microorganismuse.htm

URL:

https://insteading.com/blog/indigenous-microorganisms-imo/

标题/说明:

Bushenyi District Local Government

URL:

https://www.bushenyi.go.ug/lg/population-culture