1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) - 乌干达

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

29/1/2018

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

The technology is not problematic with regard to land degradation

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Barley fodder technology is a livestock feed that grows under a hydroponic system. This green feed is highly palatable, rich in protein and energy yet cost-effective. It takes few days to maturity (5-6 days) and can be grown in a smaller area. One kilogram of barley seeds can yield up to 6 to 6.5 kg of green feed.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Barley is a cereal grain that grows with hydroponic system to supplement on the feeds for livestock. This system enables crops to grow without soil so easily yet they mature within the shortest time in a smaller area. It is commonly used in finishing rations for livestock. Barley sprouts the best, grows the fastest and is cost-effective. This green feed is less expensive yet highly palatable and nutritious for animals.

To work well for sprouted fodder, the barley seed needs a high germination rate. Sprouting barley consistently and economically needs a climate-controlled space, light (18 hours of light and 6 hours of darkness) and a watering system. The ideal temperature being 75 degrees F and 70% humidity. Air movement is necessary to control mold.
The technology ensures a reduction of pesticides and herbicides because the plants are in a protected environment . The sprouts are high in protein and fiber, and are naturally balanced in protein, fat and energy. Barley fodder has 95% of the energy and higher digestibility hence reducing the occurrence of digestive diseases, such as bloat. It is one of the most nutritious sprouts and is full of essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals. These are absorbed more efficiently due to the lack of enzyme inhibitors in sprouted grain. Dry barley seeds yields between 6-6.5kg of green feed. Feeding barley fodder will improve the overall health and wellbeing of animals. With this technology, farmers can easily anticipate the expected amount of feeds. Despite the benefits, growing barley requires skills, knowledge and constant supervision especially maintaining the conditions required. Barley seeds are at times hard to get. In case of commercial/large livestock farming, the technology is not economically feasible. Bacterial and fungal growth is also another challenge like the common bread mould therefore seeds must be sterilized. The steps taken to grow barley seeds are as follows:

•On day 1, the barley seeds are laid on plastic trays after being soaked in water for 8-12 hours or an overnight. These seeds must be moist and kept clean. In case of any moulds, hydrogen peroxide may be used in the soaking water to kill mould.
•On day 2, the trays are placed on shelves where they are stacked. On this day, initial sprouting begins. Seeds must be kept moist, but not water-logged. Manually, water should be spread every after 4-5 hours. The seeds will usually sprout within 24 hours.
•On the third day, initial shooting begins. Watering still proceeds.
•From the 4-5th day, the root mat or the mat stem begin to grow.
•On the 6-7 the day, the farmers begins to harvest the barley grass and gives to the livestock. The grass has produced a 6-8 inch high grass mat with a 2 inch mat of interwoven roots.

The sprouted grain is harvested by removing the tray or sliding the mat off the tray in one long sheet. The mats can be cut to the appropriate size and fed to animals. Livestock will eat the whole thing like seeds, roots, and grass therefore, there is minimal waste. Barley is a major feeding option when pastureland and/or hay are in short supply, or adds a highly nutritious and relished supplement to traditional grazing.
Initial costs involved to a small scale farmer are minimal. This includes buying clean seeds, 5 kg costing 15,000/=, 10 plastic trays (50000), 2 watering cans (20000), 1 bucket for soaking seeds (10000), watering seeds 6 times (18000), soaking seeds (3000), labour for making shelves (30000), papyrus mat (20000) ,2 kg of nails (10000), timber for making shelves (50000), chopping ready folder (3000) totalling to 232,000/= for a start. However, this depends on the amount of fodder a farmer wants to produce.

A kg of barley seeds yields to 7-10 kg of green fodder. Each kg of fodder is sold at 1500 hence in a kg planted (i.e. 3000 invested), a farmer is likely to earn 15000/=
The technology is advantageous in that there is little or insignificant costs involved on maintenance of the technology. Maintenance only involves daily watering of seeds (18000 for 6 days), cleaning the treys after use (3000) and supervision on barley during growing for 6 days (18000) totaling to 39000/=.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 在实验/研究期间

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

注释:

Water can be collected from national water (water supplied to people by the government of Uganda, National Water and Sewage Cooperation). Water from rainfall is be used in the process.

具体说明:

Not seseonal, can be grown any time

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农畜综合管理
• 最小的土壤扰动

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 适用于特定场所/集中在较小区域

注释:

Basically after building a structure with shelves, barley seeds are planted into trays.

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Barley seeds are cleaned before being planted to avoid the risks of fungal attack e.g moulds

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Not applicable

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 不适用

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

The shelter is constructed at 20 feet long and 20 feet wide
Trays(10) of 30cm wide and 30 cm length
Barley seeds (5kg)
Shelves (20) of 3m wide and 3m long
Papyrus mats (2) of 20 feet wide and 40 feet long
Shelves stand of 5m long

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

3600.0

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Buying seeds	其它措施	Every planting time
2.	Clean the seeds if dirty to avoid molds	管理	Before planting if they are dirty
3.	Soak the seeds for 8-12 hours	管理	8-12 hours
4.	Place the trays on the shelves	管理	Once from 1-5 day
5.	Water the seeds planted on the tray every 4-8 hours	管理	4-8 hours for 5 days after planting
6.	Harvest and chop the leaves,stems and roots,then give to the livestock	农业学的	After harvesting

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Making shelves	Man day	1.0	30000.0	30000.0
劳动力	Clean the seeds if they are dirty	Man day	1.0	3000.0	3000.0
劳动力	Soaking the seeds into water	Man day	1.0	3000.0	3000.0
劳动力	Chop the fodder ready for feeding	Man day	1.0	3000.0	3000.0
设备	Water the seeds planted on the trey in every 4-8 hours	Man day	6.0	3000.0	18000.0
设备	Buying trays	piece	10.0	5000.0	50000.0
植物材料	Buying seeds	Kg	5.0	3000.0	15000.0
植物材料	Buying a watering can	piece	2.0	10000.0	20000.0
植物材料	Buying a bucket	piece	1.0	10000.0	10000.0
施工材料	Timber making shelves	piece	5.0	10000.0	50000.0
施工材料	Nails	Kg	2.0	5000.0	10000.0
施工材料	Papyrus mats	piece	2.0	10000.0	20000.0
技术建立所需总成本					232000.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

All costs are covered by the Resource Centre

注释:

The costs are estimated.

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Watering the seeds	农业学的	Every day after planting to harvest
2.	Maintaining the room temperature	农业学的	Every day after planting to harvest
3.	Replacing poles	结构性的	Once a year
4.	Cleaning the equipments like treys	其它措施	After harvesting
5.	Replacement of shelves	结构性的	Once a year

注释:

Maintenance activities are few. Equipments are only replaced when damaged which can take a year.

4.7 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Watering seeds	Man day	6.0	3000.0	18000.0
劳动力	Cleaning the equipments( trays)	Man day	1.0	3000.0	3000.0
设备	Spervision of the growing barley	Man day	6.0	3000.0	18000.0
技术维护所需总成本					39000.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

The Resource Centre caters for all the costs.

注释:

These are estimated but almost in the range. This makes the technology more cost efficient.

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour costs represent the largest cost element.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

土地使用权:

• 租赁

用水权:

• 租赁

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	非常不好

生物灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
昆虫/蠕虫侵扰	非常不好

其他与气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

其它（具体说明）	该技术是如何应对的？
Too high temperature	非常不好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• 10-50%

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 10-50%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

若是，说明它适应了哪些变化的条件:

• 气候变化/极端气候

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

It is operated in a moist, cool environment

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
It is less cost effective yet highly nutritious. A kg of barley is nutritionally equivalent to 3Kg of other grass like the lucerne.
Barley grows in a very short period of time
It requires a small piece of area to grow barley

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Barley improves the overall health and well-being of animals
It has higher digestibility hence reduces on some diseases like bloat
Barley growing does not involve the use of soil hence cost effective

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The technology requires skills and knowledge especially to manage the conditions for growth	Encouraging farmers to train from model farmers
Barley seeds are at times hard to get.	Promoting the barley seed multiplication in large quantities
The technology requires maximum supervision	Always endeavor to do maximum supervision

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Bacterial and fungal growth is also another challenge e.g the common bread mould.	Seeds must be sterilized
Barley is not economically feasible for large scale farmers on pasture production	To grow more pastures in addition to barley as feed supplements
It cannot be stored for a long period of time	Serve it in the first days after harvest.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Growing Sprouted Fodder For Livestock by Jason Wiskerchen Monday, March 19, 2012,

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

https://www.peakprosperity.com/growing-sprouted-fodder-for-livestock-2/

7.3 链接到网络上可用的相关信息

标题/说明:

https://www.hydroponics-simplified.com/hydroponic-fodder-advantages.html

URL:

http://www.fodderconsultants.com/advantages.html