1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - A contribution to adaptation and farmers ́ resilience towards climate change in the Sahel (GIZ)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) - 德国

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

United Nations Development Program (United Nations Development Program) - 塔吉克斯坦

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Organic fertiliser enhances the productivity of the soil, as well as its capacity for infiltration and water retention.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Smallholding farmland lends itself to market gardening and rice and maize growing. Applying five tonnes of organic fertiliser per hectare for cereal growing and 20 tonnes per hectare for vegetable growing significantly improves soil fertility in small-scale irrigation schemes. The most commonly used organic fertilisers are: compost; straw pen manure with litter or household waste.

Purpose of the Technology: The objective of using organic fertiliser is to enhance productivity by improving the structure and fertility of the soil, as well as its capacity for infiltration and water retention. It stimulates biological activity in the soil and increases yields and production. Increasing the level of organic matter in the soil (humus) enhances its capacity to store nutrients (cation-exchange capacity) and water.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Farming advisors provide producers with training on techniques for preparing and applying the different types of organic fertiliser.
Composting: The actions required are: digging the composting pit; filling the pit; looking after the pit; applying the compost to the land.
The composting pit: the collection and stockpiling of straw pen manure; the application of the manure to the land.
Household waste: The collection and stockpiling of household waste; the application of the household waste to the land.
Farming advisors monitor how growers produce and apply organic fertiliser. Growers dig the composting and slurry pits, transport organic matter to fill the pits, and manage the upkeep and oversight of the pits.
The frequency of organic fertiliser application varies from once a year to every three years and depends on its quality and quantity.
This activity requires basic equipment (cart, wheelbarrow) to transport the organic matter.

Natural / human environment: This practice is being popularised throughout the areas in and around irrigation schemes throughout Mali.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

Ongoing for around 10 years

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• access to fertilizer

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 农牧业（包括农牧结合）

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): soil fertility decline, low capacity for infiltration and water retention
Livestock density: 1-10 LU /km2

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 混合雨水灌溉

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 土壤肥力综合管理

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Type of agronomic measures: manure / compost / residues

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main causes of degradation: crop management (annual, perennial, tree/shrub), droughts, population pressure

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	looking after the pit
2.	The collection and stockpiling of straw pen manure or household waste
3.	applying the compost/household waste to the land

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Machinery/ tools: basic equipment (cart, wheelbarrow) to transport the organic matter

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Production costs are low given that the local materials involved are available freely or at very low cost. This activity requires basic equipment (cart, wheelbarrow) to transport the organic
matter.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is medium
Soil drainage / infiltration is poor - medium
Soil water storage capacity is medium

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

Availability of surface water: medium, poor/ none

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: < 10 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 2% - 3%
10% of the land users are rich.
50% of the land users are average wealthy.
30% of the land users are poor.
10% of the land users are poor.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

注释:

The irrigated land is allocated by the chief

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	不好
局地风暴	不好

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	好

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
比较和缓的（河道）洪水	不好

其他气候相关的后果

其他气候相关的后果

	该技术是如何应对的？
缩短生长期	好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Maintains soil fertility and improves its structure
Stimulates biological activity in the soil and increases yields and production
Increasing the level of organic matter in the soil (humus) enhances its capacity to store nutrients (cation-exchange capacity) and water
Organic fertiliser is less expensive than chemical fertilizer. Production costs are low given that the local materials involved are available freely or at very low cost.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Lack of equipment for collecting organic matter and water shortages in the dry season
Particularly in semi-arid areas, not enough biomass is available to systematically provide the quantities required to cover all the land being farmed. Compost is therefore often reserved for cash crops.
This activity requires basic equipment (cart, wheelbarrow) to transport the organic matter.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Manual of Good Practices in Small Scale Irrigation in the Sahel. Experiences from Mali. Published by GIZ in 2014.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

http://star-www.giz.de/starweb/giz/pub/servlet.starweb

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Technical fact sheets on organic fertiliser (DNA)