1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Kathmandu University (KU) - 尼泊尔

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

The technology adopted is a treatment plant that treats and purifies waste water being discharged from the hospital biologically.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

It is located in Dhulikhel Hospital premises, Kavre. This treatment plant purifies the waste water being discharged from the hospital biologically on a daily basis.
Biological action takes place in the horizontal and vertical reed bed with the help of bacteria present in the root nodules of Reed plant. The Reed plant helps in spreading the oxygen through its roots. Anaerobic decomposition takes place with the help of oxygen which is spread by the roots.

Purpose of the Technology: The main purpose of this plant is to make the water less toxic so that it does not pose any danger to the human health. It is a biological process in which the Reed plant treats the waste water coming from the hospital.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Dhulikhel Hospital Constructed Wetland (DHCW) was commissioned in July 1997. The design of DHCW was designed for an average waste water volume of 10m3/ day. But at present, the waste water production is in the range of 75m3/day. Recently, it has been expanded and designed to treat the waste water volume up to 90m3/day.
The plant is maintained by the specialists themselves and the investors are the hospital owners. The task of planning, design, drawing and estimates for the expansion was undertaken by ENPHO (Environment and Public Health Organization ) in association with WATSAN (Water and Sanitation) solution.

Natural / human environment: The treatment plant needs gravel for filtration in horizontal flow bed where the reed bed plant is planted. In addition, sand is required for filtration in vertical flow bed. A slight slope is maintained for the water to flow in one direction.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• improve water quality

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Biological wastes from the hospital has a high chance in contaminating the area when disposed recklessly.

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): The water is safe to use for irrigation purpose.

Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Other: Ow: Waterways, drainage lines, ponds, dams

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 湿地保护/管理
• 废物管理/废水管理

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Main measures: vegetative measures

Secondary measures: structural measures

Type of agronomic measures: better crop cover, contour planting / strip cropping

Type of vegetative measures: aligned: -linear

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Rupees

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

103.0

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Earthwork in excavation in foundation, drain, pipe trench and lead	Dry Day
2.	Earth work in refilling including watering and ramming	Dry day
3.	Dry flat brick soiling for 10 m2	Dry Day
4.	Edge brick soiling in 1.6 cm and pointing in 1.2 cm for 10 m2
5.	Dry edge brick soiling in 1:6 cm for 10 sq m

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Earthwork in excavation	unit	1.0	122.21	122.21
劳动力	Earth work in refilling including watering and ramming	unit	1.0	87.29	87.29
劳动力	Edge brick soiling (mason)	unit	1.0	5293.83	5293.83
施工材料	Brick	unit	1.0	253.92	253.92
施工材料	Sand	unit	1.0	3412.38	3412.38
施工材料	Wood	unit	1.0	1000.0	1000.0
其它	Mason	unit	1.0	1470.0	1470.0
技术建立所需总成本					11639.63
技术建立总成本，美元					113.01

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

The most determinate factor affecting the cost is the labour cost.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil texture (topsoil): Filtration is vertical reed bed

Soil fertility is medium

Topsoil organic matter is covered with gravel

Soil drainage / infiltration is good and filtration occurs through voids in sand and gravel

Soil water storage capacity is medium

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

Availability of surface water is good during monsoon

Water quality (untreated) is unusable since it is biological and medical waste

5.5 生物多样性

关于生物多样性的注释和进一步规范:

Only one species of plant is planted

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly common / average land users

Difference in the involvement of women and men: The treatment plant provided treated water which is mainly used for irrigation purpose. There is an equal involvement of men and women in the field.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 公司

土地使用权:

• 社区（有组织）

用水权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

注释:

SLM technology is used by the hospital specialists. However, the water is openly accessible.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

水资源可用性和质量

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

生物多样性:植被、动物

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	好
局地风暴	未知

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	未知

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
比较和缓的（河道）洪水	未知

其他气候相关的后果

其他气候相关的后果

	该技术是如何应对的？
缩短生长期	好

注释:

In 2007, expansion of the plant was proposed to treat the waste water volume up to 90m3/day.

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
This technology has provided positive results for irrigation purpose.
There has also been an increase in water availability.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The purification of water from the hospital has been used for various purposes. How can they be sustained / enhanced? Frequent cleaning of the chambers should be carried out.
This technology has been proved to be very cost effective. How can they be sustained / enhanced? Periodic checking of the tanks and plants for any fault should be done.
This plant has been easily managed by the staff of Dhulikhel Hospital.
This technology provides opportunity to create/restore valuable wetland habitat.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
The treatment plant may not be tested regularly.	Engineers and specialists should be concerned about the matter.
The water output may not be safe for drinking.	People should be made aware about boiling and filtering the water before drinking.

7.1 信息的方法/来源