1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Construction of earth dams to provide stock water

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Bulldozers were used to build earth dams and to move the soil to construct bankments and spillways in a river or natural run-off (water course of some kind). No concrete or rock is used, only soil up to a certain slope of sides or crests. The main concern is to provide water to seep through the spillway large enough to discharge the excess water from the catchment whenever the dam is full. Normally the spillway is constructed so that the water doesn’t cause erosion in the spillway itself.

Purpose of the Technology: The purpose was to catch water to provide stock water for animals in the rural areas (de-silt earth dam in 5-10 years time close to the village, dams far away in the veld silt up in a longer time).

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Maintenance is done in winter when rain is not expected. All the dams are seasonal, water is only available for 2 months after the rainy season (June - September). Evaporation is very high, and cleaning up and fixing-up are necessary.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

南非

区域/州/省:

North West Province

有关地点的进一步说明:

Eastern Regions of North West

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 适用于特定场所/集中在较小区域

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 184 km2.

All farm cattle are communal. Ruighoek town the only big village in the area.

Map

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2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

Comes from a need which people had

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• access to water

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

牧场

粗放式放牧:

• 游牧

定居点、基础设施

• 定居点、建筑物

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Communal ownership system, grass belong to everybody - not one owner. Overgrazing as far the little boys (witch look after the cattle) can walk, in the rest undergrazing, no proper management, no knowledge, no infrastructure

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Land doesn’t belong to him, can’t put infrastructure in (fence, water) for cattle farming.
Drought, fire (caused by human), some people still belief that veld get sweeter if it is burned each year

Nomadism: Yes

Number of growing seasons per year: 1
Longest growing period in days: 150; Longest growing period from month to month: Oct - Feb

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 集水

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

结构措施

• S5：大坝、集水斗、水池

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Rand

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

6.0

4.3 技术建立活动

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Earth moving

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Machine running cost

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil depth on average: In February

Soil fertility is high

Soil water storage capacity is very high

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

100% of the land users are poor and own 80% of the land (Communal farmers).

Off-farm income specification: Farming can't sustain the people

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 社区/村庄

土地使用权:

• 社区（有组织）

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

生态影响

水循环/径流

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.5 技术采用

注释:

There is no trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

7.1 信息的方法/来源