1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

raising a heap of soil around the plant to increase surface area in contact with soil for more pods

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

A cropland is selected which has a loamy type of soil cleaning starts in september ( Land clearing). This is followed by deep tillage using hand hoe just after the 1st rains. This is usually done in November to December during deep tillage (12) all organic matters such as crop remains and weeds are incorporated. Sowing is followed and is done in November - December at 8" by 8" spacing sometimes spacing is reduced to 6"x6" and at 4" to 6" deep. First weeding is done by the end of December. This is usually done using the edge of a wornout hand doe then comes the innovation stage, that is the second weeding done in January dsuring 2nd seeding, heap of intercultivated soil is raised around the grounnuts plant to burry up to half of height of leaf stem in this way even that part of leaf stem incontact with the soil is forced to produce roots and ultimately pods. This doubles the yield. Harvesting is usually done in February and March. Rain season starts on november to early May the rest of the months is dry season. She usually harvest 20 bags of pods groundnuts per acre where others harvest 8-10 hag/acre. Maintenance is to prevent gully erosion by constructing contour bunds hence protect the environment.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

坦桑尼亚联合共和国

区域/州/省:

Dodoma

有关地点的进一步说明:

Mpwapwa

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果不知道精确的区域，请注明大致覆盖的区域:

• 10-100 平方千米

Map

×

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

from the land user

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

农田

• 一年一作

年作 - 具体指明作物:

• 谷物类 - 玉米
• 谷类 - 小米
• 谷类 - 高粱
• 油料作物 - 花生

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 120; Longest growing period from month to month: Feb - May; Second longest growing period in days: 90; Second longest growing period from month to month: Oct - Dec

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): decline of soil fertility and increased drought

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): same as above

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• rasinig soil heap

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

农艺措施

• A3：土壤表面处理
• A7：其它

结构措施

• S11：其它

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀

化学性土壤退化

• Cn：肥力下降和有机质含量下降（非侵蚀所致）

水质恶化

• Ha：干旱化

注释:

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content, Ha: aridification

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

具体说明成本计算所用货币:

• 美元

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

800.0

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 0 month(s)

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

labour and the cost of seed

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

labour during tillage

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Slopes on average: Also flat

Landforms: Also hill slopes

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil depth on average: Also very shallow

Soil fertility is medium - low

Soil drainage / infiltration is medium

Soil water storage capacity is medium - low

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 10-50 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 2% - 3%

2% of the land users are very rich and own 10% of the land.
5% of the land users are rich and own 20% of the land.
50% of the land users are average wealthy and own 50% of the land.
20% of the land users are poor and own 15% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: with poor harvest, farmers embark on other activities like charcoal burning

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

土地使用权:

• 社区（有组织）

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

19 households covering 10 percent of stated area (10 percent of all land users)

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 91-100%

注释:

19 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: survey results

There is a little trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: research is doing some research in the farm

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

First farmers innovators Workshop report. 1998.

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

INADES Formation Tanzania