1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

it is an embankment of soil constructed along the contour on crop lands

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Ridge bund is an earth enbankment constructed along the contour inorder to control runoff. The technique can be stablize using suitable plant species, forage and fruit trees.

Purpose of the Technology: To obtain maximum sustained level of production from a given area of land by reducing runoff and soil loss below thrushold level and maintain soil moisture.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: it involves massive movment of earth and it requires substantial inputs of labour during establishment, while during maintenance relatively lower input is required but it requires frequent maintenance.

Natural / human environment: enhance vegetation growth, increases ground water recharging, reduce dawn slope damage

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

埃塞俄比亚

区域/州/省:

West Hararghe, Oromia

有关地点的进一步说明:

Habro

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 39.37 km2.

Map

×

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

注释（项目类型等）:

they learn from their ancestors

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

农田

• 一年一作
• 多年一作（非木材）
• 乔木与灌木的种植

年作 - 具体指明作物:

• 谷物类 - 玉米
• 谷类 - 高粱
• 豆科牧草和豆类 - 豌豆

• chickpea

乔木和灌木种植 - 指定作物:

• 咖啡，露天种植

• catha.edulis, cordia africana, erythrina abyssinica, chat

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 120 Longest growing period from month to month: May - AugSecond longest growing period in days: 60Second longest growing period from month to month: Mar - Apr

采用间作制度了吗？:

是

如果是，说明哪些作物是间作的:

maize

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): soil erosion, gully formation, losses of soil fertility

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): soil erosion, water scarcity, decreasing of productivity

Type of cropping system and major crops comments: perenial crops are planted between the structures and the annual crops are grown on the structures

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Water supply: post-flooding

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀
• Wg：冲沟侵蚀/沟蚀

化学性土壤退化

• Cn：肥力下降和有机质含量下降（非侵蚀所致）

水质恶化

• Ha：干旱化

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wg: gully erosion / gullying, Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content, Ha: aridification

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

注释:

Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

技术规范（与技术图纸相关）:

Oromia

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: low

Technical knowledge required for land users: high

Main technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: retain / trap

Secondary technical functions: reduction of slope length, increase of infiltration

Mixed cropping / intercropping
Material/ species: maize
Quantity/ density: 7000
Remarks: 0.5m x 3m

Aligned: -contour
Vegetative material: C : perennial crops
Number of plants per (ha): 1400
Vertical interval between rows / strips / blocks (m): 1
Spacing between rows / strips / blocks (m): 3
Vertical interval within rows / strips / blocks (m): 2
Width within rows / strips / blocks (m): 0.75

Scattered / dispersed
Vegetative material: T : trees / shrubs
Number of plants per (ha): 50

Trees/ shrubs species: cordia africana, erythrina abyssinica

Perennial crops species: coffee, catha edulis/chat

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 9.00%

Bund/ bank: level
Spacing between structures (m): 3m
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.5m
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 1.5m
Length of ditches/pits/dams (m): 40m
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.35m
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.7m
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): 40m

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 9%

Vegetation is used for stabilisation of structures.

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

8.0

4.3 技术建立活动

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Machinery/ tools: shovel, hoe

the cost depends on the specification of the structure (length, width and height) and it was assumed that 3km ridge bund is constructed on a hectar of cultivated land.

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

high labour requirment affects the cost of the technique

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is medium-low
Soil drainage/infiltration is good
Soil water storage capacity is high-medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 100-200 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 2% - 3%
10% of the land users are very rich and own 25% of the land.
50% of the land users are average wealthy and own 50% of the land.
30% of the land users are poor and own 20% of the land.
10% of the land users are poor and own 5% of the land.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

土地使用权:

• 个人

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 91-100%

注释:

9458 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: survey results

There is a strong trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: better production is only possible if one can practice the technique on her/his field, therefore the adoption of the technique is one of the strategy for survival

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

7.1 信息的方法/来源