1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

an embankment of soil constructed along the contour to reduce runoff and maintain soil moisture.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Soil bund is an earth embankment constructed along the contour inorder to avoid runoff down slope and shorten the slope length. Ditch/basin is dig at the upper side of the bund.

Purpose of the Technology: To obtain the maximum sustainable level of production from a given area of land by reducing soil loss below a thrushold level and maintaining soil moisture.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: During establishment and maintenance the materials needed are graduated poles, pegs, plastic string and water level and other materials related to the work.

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

埃塞俄比亚

区域/州/省:

West Hareghe/Oromia

有关地点的进一步说明:

Habro

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 1.68 km2.

the SWC technology area is defined by sub-watershed. It is implemented by programmee

Map

×

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

through the extension programme

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

农田

• 一年一作
• 乔木与灌木的种植

年作 - 具体指明作物:

• 谷物类 - 玉米
• 谷类 - 高粱

• haricot bean, teff, chickpea

乔木和灌木种植 - 指定作物:

• 咖啡，露天种植

• Catha edulis

每年的生长季节数:

• 1

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 120 Longest growing period from month to month: Mar - Jul

采用间作制度了吗？:

是

如果是，说明哪些作物是间作的:

maize and haricot beans

牧场

粗放式放牧:

• 半游牧畜牧业

• free grazing, stall feeding

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): low productivity, gully formation

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): erosion, low soil fertility, high runoff, low production

Type of cropping system and major crops comments: in the case of intercropping maize is sown in rows and between the rows harcot bean is sown

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀
• Wg：冲沟侵蚀/沟蚀

水质恶化

• Ha：干旱化

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wg: gully erosion / gullying, Ha: aridification

Main causes of degradation: other human induced causes (specify) (agricultural causes), education, access to knowledge and support services (lack of knowledge)

Secondary causes of degradation: deforestation / removal of natural vegetation (incl. forest fires), over-exploitation of vegetation for domestic use, poverty / wealth (lack of captial), land subdivision

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Main goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

技术规范（与技术图纸相关）:

Oromia

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: high

Technical knowledge required for land users: high

Main technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: retain / trap

Secondary technical functions: reduction of slope angle, reduction of slope length, increase / maintain water stored in soil

Relay cropping
Material/ species: maize, teff and chick pea

Mixed cropping / intercropping
Material/ species: haricot bean and maize

Bund/ bank: level
Vertical interval between structures (m): 1m
Spacing between structures (m): 10m
Depth of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.5m
Width of ditches/pits/dams (m): 0.5m
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.5m
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.5m

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 12%

Lateral gradient along the structure: 0%

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Birr

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

8.5

4.3 技术建立活动

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Machinery/ tools: 5 shovel, 5 hoe

the cost is culculated based on the spesification of structures (length, width and height), tools required. For the cost given above we assumed 1 km of soil bund per hectar of cultivated land

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

excavation work requires more labour and it affects the cost of construction and maintenance

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is medium-low
Soil drainage/infiltration is good
Soil water storage capacity is low-medium

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 100-200 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 2% - 3%

1% of the land users are very rich and own 5% of the land.
60% of the land users are average wealthy and own 70% of the land.
30% of the land users are poor and own 20% of the land.
9% of the land users are poor and own 5% of the land.

Off-farm income specification: no other forms of income generating means

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 91-100%

注释:

625 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: survey results

There is a little trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: the majority of the farming communities are poor and they are not able to pay for SWC activities and incentive is required in some cases

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

7.1 信息的方法/来源