1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Soil protection and rehabilitation for food security (ProSo(i)l)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Alliance Bioversity and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance Bioversity-CIAT) - 肯尼亚

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

Apart from supplying organic and inorganic nutrients to the plants and organic matter to the soil, bioslurry is alkaline in reaction and has liming effects.

1.5 参考关于SLM方法（使用WOCAT记录的SLM方法）的调查问卷

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Bioslurry is a byproduct of the anaerobic process used for production of methane (biogas). It is derived from the manure used to feed the biodigester. Bioslurry is an organic fertilizer that serves as a replacement for chemical fertilizers, and also plays a pesticidal role.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Bioslurry is a byproduct of the anaerobic process used for production of methane (biogas). It is derived from the manure and other organic materials used to feed the biodigester – which is central to a biogas plant. The biodigester is fed with thoroughly mixed livestock manure and water. For instance, a biodigester with a capacity of 8m3 requires manure from 8 cattle mixed with 20 litres of water daily. This allows consistent production of biogas, and bioslurry as a byproduct.
Bioslurry is used as an organic soil amendment that serves as an alternative to chemical fertilizers. It can also play a pesticidal role. Increasing the use of organic fertilizer can reduce the money spent on inorganic fertilizer by at least half. It also improves soil structure via the addition of organic matter. Essentially, the organic matter content of bioslurry is about 20-30%. Appropriate application of the bioslurry as organic fertilizer leads to more moisture retention in the root zone and improves crop resilience to adverse conditions. Usually, bioslurry is applied around homesteads where the biogas plant is sited where it produces energy and light for the household. The main functions of bioslurry are improving soil fertility, increasing crop production, and deterring invasion by various insects. Applying filtered liquid bioslurry to the crop supplies available liquid nutrients and manages crop infestation such as by fall armyworms and maize stalk borer.
Bioslurry is a replacement for chemical fertilizers. It is applied in two forms: liquid and dry forms. The liquid form is mainly used around the homestead, using a watering can or bucket. The dried form can more easily be carried to fields for application. Bioslurry as organic fertilizer is applied to vegetables and other perennial crops around the homestead, once during the growing season. The overall application rate by smallholders is not necessarily based on the recommendation rate per hectare but on the availability of the by-product. Row application is the efficient and effective use of resources in short supply. The rate of application to the specific parcel is on a decremental basis. The end users are pleased by its merit of increasing production, reducing investment costs on chemical fertilizers, improving soil structure and associated properties. They also like the way it makes constructive use of a byproduct that needs to be disposed of. Nevertheless, bioslurry is only available to those who invest in costly biogas plants which also require intensive labour input to collect cattle manure and fetch water.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2020

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

The ISFM+ project of the GIZ has introduced it.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 结合其他技术保护流域/下游区域
• 保持/提高生物多样性
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

否

3.3 由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？

由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？:

• 否（继续问题3.4）

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

否

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Crop grown under rainfed conditions.

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农畜综合管理
• 土壤肥力综合管理
• 病虫害综合管理（包括有机农业）

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

The effects of bioslurry on improving soil fertility are seen gradually. Six weeks later, the performance of the crop that grew under bioslurry surpassed that grown under chemical fertilizers.

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

According to the respondent farmer, after applying bioslurry to the degraded soil, the soil that used to be blown up quickly by the wind while tilling and was susceptible to water erosion forms a solid structure that tolerates wind and tolerates wind water erosion.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

注释:

In addition to the role of complementing chemical fertilizer, bioslurry may have long-term positive effects on soil quality and crop growth via the accumulation of organic matter. It is also proved that bioslurry is rich in micro and macro nutrients.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

ETB

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

53.12

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Constructing biogas structure	Anytime wanted
2.	Supplying feedstock to the digester	On dial basis
3.	Collect bioslurry via collection pits	when collection pits are filled and try to compost to transport the dry to remote farmlands.
4.	Apply the slurry to the crop or the farm either in liquid or dry forms.	During planting and other time of the season depending, on the types of crop.

注释:

Construction of the structure needs various inputs such as stone/blocks, sand, cement, and accessories for taking the gas into the home, and generating light and heat energy for the households.

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labor	PDs	10.0	200.0	2000.0	100.0
劳动力	Technician	Lump sum	1.0	10000.0	10000.0
设备	PBC, Gate valve, plastic pipes, stove, bulbs	Lump sum	1.0	6000.0	6000.0
设备	Spade	Nnumber	1.0	300.0	300.0	100.0
设备	Wheel barrow	Number	1.0	1600.0	1600.0
施工材料	Cement	ton	1.0	10000.0	10000.0
施工材料	Stone	m3	2.0	1500.0	3000.0	100.0
施工材料	Sand	m3	8.0	500.0	4000.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					36900.0
技术建立总成本，美元					694.65

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

ISFM+ project and District Water and Energy Office separately as well as jointly support the establishment of biogas/bioslurry technology.

注释:

Material prices and labor costs are inconsistently changing. This goes with the economic instability and rousing inflation experienced in the country. Initial investment cost is priceless as compared to the benefit accrued from biogas/bioslurry overtime.

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Labor for collection of livestock drops, supply water, and drying the outputs.	Throughout
2.	Maintenance of the malfunctioning structure and supply of biogas accessories.	Throughout

注释:

Access to accessories is an issue that farmers often encounter.

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Family labor to supply feedstock and collect the product.	PDs	365.0			100.0
设备	Accessories	Lump sum	5.0	200.0	1000.0	50.0
技术维护所需总成本					1000.0
技术维护总成本，美元					18.83

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

ISFM+ project and District Water and Energy office.

注释:

The large share of maintenance/recurrent cost is the labor cost to collect manure and fetch water that is virtually covered by family labor. Therefore, the cost of family labor is not accounted for as cost.

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Economic crisis and price volatility of the labor and materials.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 不相关

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

The application of bioslurry is not limited by the topography.

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

关于生物多样性的注释和进一步规范:

The district is still endowed with diverse natural resources including the forest and the wetland areas.

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州
• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

土地使用权是否基于传统的法律制度？:

否

具体说明:

He accessed farmland during the land redistribution program through the local government.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

对现场影响的评估（测量）进行具体说明:

The application of bioslurry has a positive impact on improving the fertility and productivity of the farmland. However, comprehensive data is desirable to quantify the different attributes included in this particular questionnaire.

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

对场外影响（测量）的评估进行具体说明:

The application of bioslurry has positive off-site impacts on the adjacent wetlands and other ecosystems.

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	适度
季节性温度	旱季	增加	适度
年降雨量		减少	好
季雨量	夏季	减少	好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

During the establishment phase, the farmer hesitates to engage as the cost is on the higher side.

6.5 技术采用

• 单例/实验

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

The technology piloted by three farmers in a kebele.

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

The project directed almost all the implementers through partner government staff.

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Improve soil fertility
Increase production per unit of land
The process allows for cleaning the environment, as cattle manure and urine are collected and safely disposed of or used as feedstock to the biogas structure.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Allows the farm to retain moisture and nutrients, keep the crop vigorous, and become resilient to adverse conditions.
It creates employment opportunities for the member of the family farmers.
Liquid slurry deters insect pests from the farm and the crop.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Labor-intensive technology for its production and application to the farm.	Aware of family members and engaged them in the production and uses of slurry.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
High initial investment cost.	Provide support via the project as well as relevant government organizations such as water and energy, also through strengthening cost sharing with the end user.
As the production per structure is relatively low, the rate and frequency of application have not yet worked out.	Need follow-up, documentation, and defining the right amount and frequency of application to crop and the farm.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Bioslurry: A supreme fertilizer. Warnass, L. 2014. ISBN: 978-90-70435-07-3

可以从哪里获得?成本如何?

https://www.academia.edu/83905083/Bioslurry_A_Supreme_Fertilizer

7.3 链接到网络上的相关信息

标题/说明:

Bioslurry = Brown Gold? A review of scientific literature on co-product of biogas production.

URL:

https://www.fao.org/3/i3441e/i3441e.pdf

7.4 一般注释

Some questions in the questionnaire are not directly related to the technology/practice. Sketching also needs technical knowledge and skills as it is demanding for inexperienced individual in drawing.