1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Strengthening national-level institutional and professional capacities of country Parties towards enhanced UNCCD monitoring and reporting – GEF 7 EA Umbrella II (GEF 7 UNCCD Enabling Activities_Umbrella II)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

National Soil Services Centre, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture & Livestock (NSSC) - 不丹

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

As per the responses made by the land users (cooperative representatives), the rehabilitation of fallow land through agroforestry has been a successful SLM indicator towards mitigating and adapting land degradation, securing food, and ultimate livelihood enhancement.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Fallow is arable land deliberately set aside due to challenges faced in cultivation. The rehabilitation of lands left fallow for decades through the adoption of agroforestry has been one success story of the Khengrig Namsum Cooperative in the central region of Bhutan. The integration of perennial trees (fruit and high-value trees) and seasonal crops creates environmental, economic, and social benefits.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Fallow land is the term for arable fields either partially or completely left unused and unproductive, owing to reasons such as labour shortages, lack of irrigation, human-wildlife conflict and/or the plots being far away from the settlements. Land rehabilitation is a promising approach towards mitigating the fallow land issue. Thus, the Khengrig Namsum Cooperative (KNC), a registered firm under the Department of Agriculture Marketing and Cooperatives, Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock (MoAL), Bhutan has ventured into rehabilitating 235 acres (94 ha) of fallow lands since 2016, through the adoption of agroforestry. The KNC was founded by Mr. Thinley Wangdi (the current chairman), with the motive of improving the livelihoods of the people of Zhemgang Dzongkhag through locally grown farm produce.
The KNC with funds from the Global Environment Facility - Small Grant Program (GEF–SGP) through the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), Bhutan, revived the fallow through agroforestry (intercropping of banana and bamboo plants). The KNC intervened in three strategic locations, benefitting 36 households. This particular agroforestry approach was not only aimed towards enhancing livelihoods but also to diversify production: through banana chips production and bamboo product development.
Upon securing the funds, implementation started with the procurement of planting and fencing materials, hands-on training, and then planting and fencing activities. Installation of electric fencing was done to reduce human-wildlife conflict. There was specific training on product development. Moreover, the KNC was able to link up with nearby schools for the school feeding programme, to supply fruits and vegetables. The cooperative demonstrates skills in processing its own products and enabling better access to renewable natural resources in the locality. On the contrary, not having proper cold storage facilities has negative impacts on processing units and has resulted in unreliable market coupling.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2015

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

The implementation of activity in Rebati and Brumbi started in 2016, whereas for Jiwongolia, it started in the year 2019. The Global Environment Facility - Small Grant Program (GEF-SGP) under the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) has funded the program in the Rebati and Brumbi communities. Likewise, the Bhutan Foundation and the HELVETAS have funded the programme in Jiwongolia. The fallow land rehabilitation program was the initiative of Khengrig Namsum Cooperative.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保持/提高生物多样性
• 创造有益的经济影响
• 创造有益的社会影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 农林业

3.3 由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？

由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？:

• 是（请在技术实施前填写以下有关土地利用的问题）

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

否

注释:

The land use has changed in the case of Brumbi and Jiwongolia, where these places were fallow (forest) earlier. A few pockets of Jiwongolia were used as pastureland by the nearby communities. With the intervention from Khengrig Namsum Cooperative (KNC), these areas were brought under cultivation through an agroforestry approach. The land use system in Rebati however has remained the same. The KNC intervened in this community through the facilitation of banana seedlings, mainly intending to ensure the supply of bananas for their banana chip production.

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农业林学

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

The land users have noted that the implementation of agroforestry technology has proven highly effective in mitigating surface runoff and gully erosion, especially in the area of Jiwongolia. This issue was exacerbated by the drainage outlet from the nearby highway motor road.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Agroforestry plays a crucial role in both preventing and alleviating land degradation. Lands that are incorporated into agroforestry practices are effectively managed and optimized for various uses, resulting in increased ground coverage throughout the year and appropriate nutrient management. The stewardship of these productive lands through agroforestry not only mitigates land degradation in areas already affected by it but also serves as a preventive measure in potential sites susceptible to land degradation

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Ngultrum (Nu.)

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

80.0

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Explored funds from UNDP through development of project proposal, led by the chairman	2016
2.	Forest clearing and development using tractor at Brumbi and Rebati	December 2016 - November 2018
3.	Electric fencing	February 2017 - May 2017
4.	Procurement of fruit seedlings (local banana and bamboo) from Bhur nursery, Sarpang Dzongkhag	May 2017 - July 2018
5.	Hands-on-training on fruit tree plantations (KNC members and other farmers) and product development from bamboo	May 2017 - November 2018
6.	Plantation of banana seedlings and bamboo	June 2018

注释:

The plantation of bananas and bamboo in Rebati was done at the periphery of the community, not encroaching on the actual cultivated agricultural fields. Whereas, in Brumbi and Jiwongolia, mass plantation was carried out.

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labor	person days	1440.0	451.0	649440.0	100.0
设备	Land preparation	Lumpsum	1.0	725432.0	725432.0
植物材料	Cost of seedlings (local banana and bamboo)	Lumpsum	1.0	979170.0	979170.0
施工材料	Electric fencing	Lumpsum	1.0	267410.0	267410.0
施工材料	Plantation of bamboo and banana	Lumpsum	1.0	231594.0	231594.0
其它	Project administration and participation	Lumpsum	1.0	182042.0	182042.0
其它	Project signboard and installation	Lumpsum	1.0	19500.0	19500.0
其它	Formulation of by-laws and agreements	Lumpsum	1.0	72301.0	72301.0
其它	Hands-on-training on plantations and product development	Lumpsum	1.0	100781.0	100781.0
技术建立所需总成本					3227670.0
技术建立总成本，美元					40345.88

注释:

The expenditure amounts are reflected as 'lumpsum' as the listed activity head comprises many sub-activities with different units of expression, which are not at all possible to mention completely.

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Replacement of electric fence poles	Every after three years (winter)
2.	Replacement of solar batteries	replaced once (1 battery)
3.	Replacement of fruit plants	Every season

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

The replacement of poles and fruit seedlings has not incurred any cost as these activities are carried out by the land users as an when required.

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

The most important factors affecting the costs while implementing this technology is land preparation and plantation of seedlings.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

The slope of the area ranges from about 6 - 15%.

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Moisture content 2.25%, organic matter 3.27%, Organic carbon 1.90%, pH 6.42, electrical conductivity 213.47 µs/cm, nitrogen 0.10%, phosphorus 0.66 ppm, Potassium 138.73 mg/100ml, texture sand.
The soil analysis was conducted at the Science Laboratory of College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Lobesa, Punakha.

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

关于生物多样性的注释和进一步规范:

The lush surroundings at the periphery, abundant vegetation cover, and the noticeable presence of agroforestry practices all point to a significant level of diversity in species and habitats

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

• Family land ownership

土地使用权:

• 租赁
• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

土地使用权是否基于传统的法律制度？:

是

具体说明:

The land use rights in Bhutan is traditional legal system guided by formal land act and land rules and regulations.

注释:

The 230 acres land of Rebati (150) and Brumbi (80) have the the family ownership, whereas the 5 acres land of Jiwongolia is on lease (state land).

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	非常好
年降雨量		减少	非常好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	非常好
局地雷暴	非常好

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
热浪	非常好
极端冬季条件	非常好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

The agroforestry with banana and bamboo plantations has been advantageous with both short-term and long-term benefits. For instance, banana gives fruiting in less than a year (9 months) after plantation.

6.5 技术采用

• > 50%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

36 households and one cooperative (KNC)

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Increased production area. The reversion of fallow land through agroforestry significantly increased the production area for the land users.
Increased income. The easy access to the raw materials for KNC and easy market access for the land users leads to improved income for the KNC staff and land users supplying bananas to the cooperative.
The technology is easy to implement as bananas and bamboo are perennial providing continuous income to the land users with little maintenance required. The land users need not be involved in agronomic practices such as land preparation and sowing every year.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Restoration of cultivable land lost to forest encroachment.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Loss of cooperative members due to better opportunities, which ultimately would affect sustainability.	Provide timely incentives and adequate facilities.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Youths do not prefer to work in agriculture as it is viewed as laborious.	Introduce fully mechanized and smart farming systems to attract youth.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.3 链接到网络上的相关信息

标题/说明:

Rehabilitation of fallow land through agroforestry, UNDP, 2020

URL:

https://www.undp.org/bhutan/stories/rehabilitation-fallow-land-through-agroforestry

标题/说明:

Background on Fallow Land Bank, NLCS, n.d.

URL:

https://flb.nlcs.gov.bt/index.php/background-on-fallow-land-bank/

标题/说明:

Khenrig Namsum Cooperative, HELVETAS Bhutan, 2019

URL:

http://csogrant.bt/khenrig-namsum-cooperative/

标题/说明:

WFP Bhutan Country Brief, OCHA services, 2023

URL:

https://reliefweb.int/report/bhutan/wfp-bhutan-country-brief-february-2023

标题/说明:

KNC-Zhemgang, Bhutan, n.d.

URL:

https://www.bhutan-network.org/portfolio/knc-zhemgang-bhutan/