1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development Tajikistan (ACTED Tajikistan) - 塔吉克斯坦

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Planting of trees and bushes in the rain fed slope areas by using mulching, rain water harvesting and organic fertilizers

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

6 vulnerable households are selected to carry out this pilot activity. They maintain terraced plots of 0.01 ha (10m x 10m) each. Households fence the entire area to protect it against animals. The plots are constructed on the slope of a hill by digging terraces/steps with intervals of 1m. 10 fruit seedlings are planted along one row and 10 rows are planted in total. In some areas where there is a probem with watering of new seedlings simple basin covered with plastic sheet could be installed in order to harvest rain water for the purpose of irrigation of seedling in ht summer periods or when there is a lack of water

Purpose of the Technology: The terracing will help to mitigate wind erosion by preventing top soil losses. The terraces will also provide protection against water erosion by catching water and improving natural infiltration of water. The terraced plot also provides an economic benefit to land users by functioning as an orchard.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: The criteria for the establishment of the plots are the local conditions: this takes into account the sensitivity of the land to erosion, that the land is rainfed, and the vulnerability of households in or near the potential target areas/slopes. If the criteria are met, households then establish a fenced area of 0.01 ha in the target slope/area. They receive the task of planting and maintaining the orchard plots by watering (if necessary), pruning, mulching, and using organic fertilizers.

Natural / human environment: The issue with the target area/slopes is that they suffer from water or wind erosion. Therefore, they require terraced plots to mitigate the effects of erosion. In terms of human influence, the lands have either been overgrazed and were unproductive for vulnerable households in the area.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

This technology has been in use since the 1940ies / 50ies. It is mainly used by the local population in rural areas.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 农林业

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): water insufficiency for irrigation purposes
Major land use problems (land users’ perception): water insufficiency, especially in summer period
Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Mixed: Mf: Agroforestry

3.3 由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？

注释:

Grazing land: Ge: Extensive grazing land

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 横坡措施
• 集水

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Type of vegetative measures: aligned: -linear

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main causes of degradation: deforestation / removal of natural vegetation (incl. forest fires) (Cutting of trees by people), other human induced causes (specify) (Cutting of forests for wood), change of seasonal rainfall (Insufficient rainfalls), population pressure (overgrazing of animals on the same area)
Secondary causes of degradation: overgrazing

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术单元

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

somoni

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

2.46

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	digging of the holes	in the early spring
2.	planting of trees	in the early spring
3.	Terracing of slope areas	in the early spring
4.	Fencing of the area	during planting of the trees
5.	Digging of water harvesting basin	while esteblishing of terraces

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Digging of the holes	persons/day/unit	1.0	25.0	25.0
劳动力	Planting of trees	persons/day/unit	5.0	25.0	125.0	73.0
劳动力	Terracing of slope areas	persons/day	2.0	25.0	50.0	100.0
劳动力	Digging of water harvesting basin	person/basin	1.0	30.0	30.0	100.0
施工材料	Fencing of area	unit	1.0	600.0	600.0
技术建立所需总成本					830.0
技术建立总成本，美元					337.4

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	watering the plants	2 times per week
2.	Mulching the new plants	when it is necessary
3.	using of organic fertilizers for trees	During the planting and after couple of months
4.	rain water harvesting near the kitchen gardens for watering of new trees	when available
5.	Supervision and observing	on constant base

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Watering the plants	persons/day	1.0	20.0	20.0	100.0
劳动力	Mulching the new plants	persons/day	1.0	20.0	20.0	100.0
劳动力	Using of organic fertilizers for trees	persons/day	1.0	20.0	20.0	100.0
劳动力	Rain water harvesting near the kitchen gardens for watering of new trees	persons/day	1.0	25.0	25.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Fertilizer	kg/unit	1000.0	1.0	1000.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					1085.0
技术维护总成本，美元					441.06

注释:

Machinery/ tools: spade, pail, chopper

area used for the technology: fenced plot of 0.01 ha

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Soil structure, slope

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

Soil fertility is low
Soil drainage / infiltration is poor and one of the main reasons of gully forming
Soil water storage capacity is low during dry seasonal periods

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

Water quality (untreated): Mostly hand water pumps

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly common / average land users
Annual population growth: 2% - 3%

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 社区/村庄

土地使用权:

• 租赁

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	不好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地暴雨	不好
局地风暴	好

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	不好

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
比较和缓的（河道）洪水	好

其他气候相关的后果

其他气候相关的后果

	该技术是如何应对的？
缩短生长期	好

注释:

main damage may be caused by droughts, thus plants will feel water insufficiency

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

Establishment of plots with terracing on slope areas does not demand lots of funding and planting of fruit trees will become a source of alternative income in the near future

6.5 技术采用

• 单例/实验

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

There is a moderate trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
The technology is user-friendly and does not require complicated tools or agro-inputs. Land users can replicate this technology with minimal cost.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
It does rely on climactic conditions. If there is an extended period of dry weather this can have a detrimental effect on the tree seedlings.	By ensuring that land users maintain these plots by regularly watering them and using mulching.

7.1 信息的方法/来源