1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Test institution (TI) - 阿尔巴尼亚

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) - 阿曼

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

（现场）数据是什么时候汇编的？:

17/12/2015

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Alfalfa grown for fodder using flood irrigation from groundwater

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The technology involves growing alfalfa using irrigation from a well with salinity 5.4 dS/m. The total area is 10 faddan of which about a quater faddan is planted with sorghum and sesame. The farm has been cultivated for over 40 years. Alfalfa survives for 5 years at present but it used to sustain for over 12 years before. Showing that duration of harvesting age has reduced mainly due to increasing in the soil salinity, wich is greatly affected by subsequent increase in water salinity.

Purpose of the Technology: Alfalfa is grown for fodder production that is sold in the markets to earn income for supporting livelihoods of households.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: The land is prepared using tractors. Two cycles of plowing and harrowing are undertaken before sowing the grass. Seed are broadcasted after proper seedbed preparation. The land is irrigated immediately after planting. The field is fertilized by manure mixture with Urea.

Natural / human environment: The land is flat with slope ranging from 0-2%. The soils are deep mostly sandy and sandy loam

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 作为传统系统的一部分（> 50 年）

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Problems in Cropland, alfalfa production is decreasing because of increasing in soil and water salinity

Major land use problems (land users’ perception): productivity is declning

Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Cropland: Cp: Perennial (non-woody) cropping

如果由于技术的实施而导致土地用途发生变化，则在技术实施前说明土地利的用途。:

Cropland: Cp: Perennial (non-woody) cropping

3.3 有关土地利用的更多信息

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 充分灌溉

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Longest growing period in days: 45; Longest growing period from month to month: October to Mid November

牲畜密度（如相关）:

1-10 LU /km2

3.4 该技术所属的SLM组

• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）

3.5 技术传播

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果该技术均匀地分布在一个区域上，请注明覆盖的大致区域。:

• 1-10 平方千米

注释:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 4.6 km2.

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Type of agronomic measures: better crop cover, early planting, manure / compost / residues, mineral (inorganic) fertilizers, deep tillage / double digging

Type of vegetative measures: scattered / dispersed

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content

Main causes of degradation: crop management (annual, perennial, tree/shrub), droughts, population pressure

Secondary causes of degradation: soil management, over abstraction / excessive withdrawal of water (for irrigation, industry, etc.), change in temperature, change of seasonal rainfall, labour availability

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

注释:

Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation, rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4.2 技术规范/技术图纸说明

Technical knowledge required for field staff / advisors: moderate

Technical knowledge required for land users: high

Main technical functions: improvement of ground cover

Secondary technical functions: increase of groundwater level / recharge of groundwater

Better crop cover
Material/ species: alfalfa
Quantity/ density: 10000
Remarks: broadcast

Early planting
Material/ species: first planting in October, second planting Feburary
Remarks: broadcast

Scattered / dispersed
Vegetative material: G : grass

Perennial crops species: Alfalfa

Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 0-2%

Layout change according to natural and human environment: field orientation

4.3 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Omani Rial

注明美元与当地货币的汇率(如相关):1美元=:

0.384

4.4 技术建立活动

	活动	措施类型	时间
1.	Labour

4.5 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	220.0	220.0	100.0
植物材料	Seeds	ha	1.0	300.0	300.0	100.0
其它	Electrcity	ha	1.0	80.0	80.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					600.0

4.6 维护/经常性活动

	活动	措施类型	时间/频率
1.	Cultivation and weeding	农业学的	twice

4.8 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour and fertilzer, pestside

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility is low

Soil drainage / infiltration is good

Soil water storage capacity is low

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly common / average land users

Population density: 50-100 persons/km2

Annual population growth: 1% - 2%

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者拥有或租用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 个人

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	气候变化/极端天气的类型	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	好

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	好

其他气候相关的后果

其他气候相关的后果

	该技术是如何应对的？
缩短生长期	好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• 10-50%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

29 households in an an are of 4.6 km2 (50-100 persons per km2)

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发地采用该技术，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 50-90%

注释:

13 land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

16 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

There is a strong trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology