1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.5 参考关于SLM方法（使用WOCAT记录的SLM方法）的调查问卷

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Runoff management pit in the gully with provision of waterway for excess runoff water.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Adopted in 4-8% sloped gully at an interval varying from 20 M to 30 M . Pits are dug on the upsteam of the bund with graded slope or the upsteam of the pits. Also having provision of safe water disposal. Purpose: 1. Reduction in flow velocity 2. Withheld and impound the flow water 3. Ground water recharge 4. Increase in soil moisture regime 5. For supplemental irrigation by the middle and lower reach structure. Establishment/maintenance: Turfing, Placing in position of displaced boulder. Excavation of deposited earth from the pit. Environment: User friendly, Low maintenance, Promotes vegetation,Eco-friendly

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 50多年前（传统）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

ANDHRA PRADESH By Hanumant Rao based upon Four- Water concept.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 林牧业

注释:

Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): Formation and development of gully in course of time.
Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Problem of sand casting in crop land and graduallly coverted into unproductive lands.
Semi-nomadism / pastoralism: Animals reside in the Watershed area
Grazingland comments: Trend increasing towards livestock production. Trend to have stall feeding. Trend to produce better and improved quality fodder.

Plantation forestry: Yes

Other type of forest: Natural forest

Problems / comments regarding forest use: Management and protection of existing forest and species are increasing by providing watch and ward by the Watershed members through Vana Surakhya Samiti(Forest Protection Committee)

Number of growing seasons per year: 2
Longest growing period in days: 150 Longest growing period from month to month: Jun - Oct Second longest growing period in days: 75 Second longest growing period from month to month: Nov - Jan

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 集水
• 灌溉管理（包括供水、排水）
• 地下水管理

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Main measures: structural measures

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

Main type of degradation addressed: Wg: gully erosion / gullying

Secondary types of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion, Wo: offsite degradation effects

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

Main goals: prevention of land degradation

Secondary goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Rupees

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

50.0

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Local grass collection	Onset of monsoon(Jun-july)
2.	Putting the turf on the bund	Onset of monsoon(Jun-july)
3.	Establishment of grass	During monsoon
4.	Survey and layout	before onset of rain.
5.	digging of pit & construction of earthen bund	pre-monsoon
6.	stone pitching on upstream slope of pit	pre-monsoon
7.	grass turffing	monsoon

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	ha	1.0	37.0	37.0
施工材料	Stone	ha	1.0	3.0	3.0
技术建立所需总成本					40.0
技术建立总成本，美元					0.8

注释:

Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Replanting of grass in the dried out patches	During rainy season(July-Sept) /When required.
2.	stabilisatioin of bund with grass	during rain/annual
3.	de-silting of pit	Before onset of monsoon/annual
4.	Maintaing upstream & down stream bund slope	Before onset of rain/annual
5.	Re-arrangement of displaced stones	before onset of rain/annual

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

注释:

Length of structure , deapth of gully , stone availability

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour availability, stone transportation.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

5.3 土壤

如有可能，附上完整的土壤描述或具体说明可用的信息，例如土壤类型、土壤酸碱度、阳离子交换能力、氮、盐度等。:

Soil fertility: Medium
Soil drainage/infiltration: Medium
Soil water storage capacity: Medium (ranked 1) and high (ranked 2)

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Population density: 100-200 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 1% - 2%
5% of the land users are very rich and own 40% of the land.
5% of the land users are rich and own 20% of the land.
30% of the land users are average wealthy and own 30% of the land.
40% of the land users are poor and own 10% of the land.
20% of the land users are poor.

Off-farm income specification: Income from offl farm activities like stone cutting, stone transporation, dry stone pitching

Market orientation of grazing land: Mixed (ranked 1, shrubs, trees and fodder cultivation) and subsistence (self-supply, ranked 2, to supplement the fodder requirements of watershed)
Market orientation of forest land: Commercial/market (ranked 1, sale of oil producing seeds), mixed (ranked 2, supply of excess fodder to nearby area/watershed) and self subsistence (ranked 3, trend increasing towards livestock production. Trend to have stall feeding. Trend to produce better and improved quality fodder.)

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 州

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

其它社会经济效应

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

其它生态影响

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

13

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

注释:

25% of land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

10 land user families have adopted the Technology with external material support

Comments on acceptance with external material support: estimates

2% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

3 land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material support

Comments on spontaneous adoption: estimates

There is a strong trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology

Comments on adoption trend: Because this technology shows successful result in moisture retention, check soil erosioin and prevents sand casting.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Low cost & affordable.
Maintainable based upon traditional practices with some additional techniques.
Farmers friendly.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Best upon traditional practices, reducing runoff and soil loss How can they be sustained / enhanced? proper planning Water disposal at higher elevation Regular maintenance Adoption of proper cropping pattern depending on water availability Water disposal at higher alevation Regular maintenance Adoption of proper cropping pattern depending upon water availability. Water disposal at higher elevation Regular maintenance Adoption of proper cropping pattern depending upon water availability. water disposal at higher elevatioin regular maintenance Adoptioin of proper cropping pattern depending upon water availability.
low cost
Farmers can maintain and very less area is lost
Efficient soil & moisture conservation.
Protection of top soil, Increase Productivity and production of land

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Expected conflicts from adjecent farmers	Community mobilisation
Contribution mobilisation to have their ownership	Participatory planning
To be liable for its future care & maintenance	Awareness among the community

7.1 信息的方法/来源