1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

The technology is useful in controlling soil and water runoffs under banana.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Trenches commonly referred to as “fanny juu, fanya chini” increase water infiltration and reduce soil erosion.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Soil and water runoff is a major challenge encountered by farmers growing banana in Northern Uganda. As a remedy, farmers have started using trenches commonly referred to fanya juu, fanya chini. This is one of the technologies intended to help reduce soil and water runoff on cultivated and degraded land under banana in order to increase water infiltration and improve soil fertility.
The trenches are normally established during the dry season on small pieces of land of about 0.5 to 1 acre, with slopes ranging from 16 to 30% in areas with high rainfall. The trenches are measured, using a tape measure, 0.5 m deep and 50 m long banana planted at a spacing of 3 metres between plants to allow suckers to grow in addition to applying cow dung during maintenance which is locally obtained at no cost.
Implements and materials required to construct the trenches include ropes, spades, and hoes. Once the trenches have been constructed, natural grass can be allowed to grow or elephant grass planted on both sides of the trenches to stabilize the soils and reduce sediments falling into the trenches.
In this practice, the land user starts with identifying soil erosion hotspots within the banana plantation where the trenches are to be established. This is followed by looking for labour and money to pay for digging the trenches.
Trenches are effective in reducing soil and water runoffs under banana production immediately when it starts raining. It is worth to note that, the costs associated with paying labour for digging the trenches and buying inputs are higher during establishment compared to the costs of maintenance; this is because during maintenance the land user only needs to pay for labour to remove sediments from the trenches.
Establishing trenches under banana plantations requires the land user to be provided with prior knowledge and skills through training on the proper procedures on establishing the trench using the correct measurements of 0.5 m deep and 50 m long with banana planted at a spacing of 3 metres with the help of a tape measure, ropes, spades, and hoes and as required inputs.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2015

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

注释（项目类型等）:

The land user started on his own after participating in a field visit in South Western Uganda and later supported by the extension agent through training.

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 降低灾害风险
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 土壤肥力综合管理
• 改良植物品种/动物品种
• 集水

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

注释:

Trenches reduces the speed of water which when not controlled washes away the soil nutrients.
Desilitation restores fertility removed from the trench and taken back to the banana garden.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

3350.0

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Identify erosion hot spot area	During the dry season/ after heavy rains
2.	Look for the tools and labour	During the dry season
3.	Measure the size of trench	During the dry season/ before rains set
4.	Dig the trench	During the dry season/ before rains set
5.	Desilt when it fillsup with soil	During the dry season/ after rains

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Persons days	persons	10.0	5000.0	50000.0	100.0
设备	Spade	Pieces		10000.0		100.0
设备	Wheel barrow	Pieces		10000.0		100.0
设备	Ropes	Pieces	1.0	3000.0	3000.0	100.0
设备	Tape measure	pieces	1.0	25000.0	25000.0
技术建立所需总成本					78000.0
技术建立总成本，美元					23.28

注释:

Planting material (natural grass or elephant grass planted on the trenches is obtained free and no costs involved on purchase of planting material.
Total costs for establishing trenches are much higher at the time of establishment compared to the costs of maintenance and the benefits are high both in the short and long term.

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Desiliting	At least every year after heavy rains/ during dry season

注释:

The farmer uses cow dung to maintain the technology which is locally obtained at no cost.

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Labour	Persons	5.0	5000.0	25000.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Fertiliser	Kgs	2.0	3500.0	7000.0	100.0
肥料和杀菌剂	Biocides	litres	2.0	3500.0	7000.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					39000.0
技术维护总成本，美元					11.64

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour for digging trenches, desilting and re-applying the silt in the garden.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Trench making is a technology that is more labour intensive and is usually not appropriate for women to do.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 团体
• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

用水权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

土壤

减少气候和灾害风险

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	适度
季节性温度	湿季/雨季	减少	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	适度

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
滑坡	适度

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

More costs for labour and inputs for digging trenches at estsblishment than costs required for maintaing and desilting.

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

Those who have adopted are those that are outiside the group as a resulting of copying from the group.

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 11-50%

注释:

Around 40%.

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

若是，说明它适应了哪些变化的条件:

• 气候变化/极端气候

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

By planting natural and elephant grass to reduce soil and water run off.

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Good at reducing soil and water runoff.
The costs of maintaining trenches in a banana plantation are rather low compared to the costs of estsblishment. Costs may be only high when it comes to weeding the banana.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Trenches are effective in controlling soil erosion.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Labour intensive with high costs at estsblishment than maintenance.	Work in groups.
Requires knowledge and skills which a farmer may not have at the time of establishment.	Consult extension agents to provide technical guidance. Provide trainings on proper procedures for estsblishment.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Trenches alone may not be a measure for reducing land degradation.	Plant agrofrestry trees (Callindra , Grivellea, and Elephant grass where trenches are established. Fodder).

7.1 信息的方法/来源