1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Scaling-up SLM practices by smallholder farmers (IFAD)

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Laying grass (Poaceae) on perennial cropped land to reduce weeds, retain soil moisture and improve soil fertility.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Mulching using grass (Poaceae) on banana cropped land is a common practice usually promoted by farmers in Northern Uganda with the aim of increasing soil fertility, reducing the likelihood of weed problems growing around perennial plants, increase production and household income.
The farmer identifies a field planted with banana approximately 2 acres of land measuring at least 80 metres wide and 240 metres long located on a gentle sloping area of (3-5%), and mulch using grass which is grown in the planted banana garden. The mulch grass used comes from the same field carried away from other fields.
Using a panga the farmer uses 5 people paid on daily basis to cut and carry the grass and lay the grass at a distance of not more than 20- 40 cm to enable the suckers grow and to allow manure too close to the plant after grass decomposition and helps weeds control,
With this technology, the farmer uses locally obtained grass mulch which is easily comes from the banana field that would considered a waste. Secondly the associated costs are only related to transport and labour are low both in the short and long term since the mulch used is obtained from the same field. Costs for labour and transport are incurred only when the mulch material is carried from other areas. Some others costs are for weeding which would be borne by the farmer.
However, the farmer need to know that organic mulches usually need to be applied in a loose or partially-rotted state or the first stages of decomposition, otherwise they can lead to nitrogen being taken from the soil, or anaerobic decomposition which can lead to ‘sour mulch’ which turns acidic and damages the plants it is supposed to be protecting. This advice can best be extended to the farmer by extension workers and expert farmers who the farmer needs to be if close contact during implementation of this technology.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2010

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新
• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

The farmer was supported with training by National Agricultural Advisory Services (NAADS).

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

The farmer has a plantation of 0.5 acres planted next to the banana plantation.

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

integrated soil fertility management
water harvesting

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 土壤肥力综合管理
• 集水

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

注释:

Due to the decomposition of the mulched grass material.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

3400.0

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Select the site planted with banana	Before establishment
2.	Look for pangas to cut the grass	Once before establishment
3.	look for labour to cut and carry the grass	Before establishment
4.	Cut and curry grass using labour	During establishment
5.	Lay the grass in the soil	During establishment

注释:

More workload for cutting, carrying and drying grass.

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	persons days for cutting, carrying and laying grass	persons	5.0	150000.0	750000.0	100.0
设备	Hoe	pieces	5.0	10000.0	50000.0	100.0
设备	Panga	Pieces	5.0	7000.0	35000.0	100.0
植物材料	Suckers in case the farmer want to add mulching	Suckers	200.0	5000.0	1000000.0	100.0
其它	Transport	Lorry	1.0	100000.0	100000.0
技术建立所需总成本					1935000.0
技术建立总成本，美元					569.12

注释:

Transport costs are incurred if the farmer obtains the grass from other area .

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Add mulch to the banana field after decomposition	Twice a year

注释:

The farmer may not need to incur additional costs if does not want to add mulch in the garden. This reduces labour costs.

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Persons days for adding mulch	Persons	3.0	150000.0	450000.0	100.0
技术维护所需总成本					450000.0
技术维护总成本，美元					132.35

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour for cutting , carrying and laying grass and seedlings take the most costs. However this means that if the farmer does not need to add more suckers.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

The farmer is a carpenter from which he derives his additional income.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 自由进入（无组织）

注释:

Presence of a community bore hole

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		减少	非常好
季节性温度	湿季/雨季	增加	好
年降雨量		减少	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

生物灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
昆虫/蠕虫侵扰	适度

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

Mulching using grass reduced workload in the short run associated with less costs in the long run .The labour that would be used for weeding and its associated costs reduce since no weeding is required when the banana is mulched. Mulching reduces weeds and increases water moist which increases banana production due to decomposed mulched material (grass).

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

如若可行，进行量化（住户数量和/或覆盖面积）:

5

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

是

若是，说明它适应了哪些变化的条件:

• 气候变化/极端气候

具体说明技术的适应性（设计、材料/品种等）:

Planting fertilizer trees (Calliandra).

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Control weeds and improve soil fertility after decomposition.
Uses local available grass materials within the banana (musa) garden for mulching which would be considered a waste.
Cost effective. Low labour and transport costs since the grass mulch is locally obtained within the same field.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Appropriate for farmers with low income.
Is scalable, requires low labour and input costs.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Harbours insects which attack young suckers.	Apply pesticides.
The technology is easily affected by roaming animals searching for pasture during the dry season when there is normally shortage of pasture.	Put in place byelws on controlled grazing Integrate fertilizer trees (calliandra and Grivellea) in the practice as an alternative.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Mulching can increase the risk of diseases especially if the grasses are obtained from outside the garden.	First use the grass in the same field.
Mulching alone may not be a solution to increase production. The farmer needs also to mange well the banana by cutting banana leaves which can also act as mulching material.	Knowledge and skills be provided by the extension agent.

7.1 信息的方法/来源