1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Integrating black spear grass (Heteropogon Contortus), elephant grass (Pennisetum Purpureum) and trenches into a Citrus orchard of Oranges (Citrus Sinensis) for soil and water erosion control.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

Farmers in Northern Uganda with an average size of 0.5 acres of land or more grow Oranges (Valencia and Anlin) varieties planted with a spacing of 10 x10 m and integrate them with the use of locally obtained black spear grass and elephant grass on farm as mulching materials and trenches to slow down rainwater runoff while preserving soil moisture for increased production and household income. Citrus orchard of oranges (Citrus sinensis ) with grass mulch and trenches is established on gently sloping land with grasses every year. The trenches are established within the citrus orchard for soil erosion control and environmental and water conservation.To establish this technology the land user will (1) identify an already planted Orchard of Oranges susceptible to soil and water erosion problems, (2) clear the grasses in the garden using a panga, (3) dig the trenches using a hoe, a spade and labour up to a depth of not more than 0.5 centimetres, (4) carry and lay the mulch to the garden using at least 3-4 workers per day with the grass mulch kept at a minimum distance of 20 centimetres away from the plant to allow for air circulation, (5) remove the sediments and re-apply them back to the field once the trenches are filled with the sediments. Mulched grass decomposes over time, improves fertility while trenches allow water harvesting and prevent soil and water erosion. However, the land user needs to be aware that trenches are labour intensive which could be the most expensive input, in addition to the cost of basic construction materials for digging trenches like a hoe, a panga and a spade which are in most cases bought once and used for a longer period of time. The benefits derived from this SLM technology are high in the long run as the technology is suitable for improving soil fertility and controlling soil erosion with the established grass mulch and trenches. Trenches and grass mulch retain water during heavy rains which is utilized by citrus during the dry season. The leaf litter from a citrus garden with minimum tillage when decomposed provides manure to enhance crop production generating increased income from the sale of fruits. However, this technology requires labour for planting, cutting the grass , watering and constructing the trenches which accounts for most of the costs. What is not liked about this technology is that the trenches are not easy to make and are labour-intensive.

2.3 技术照片

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

乌干达

区域/州/省:

Northern Region,Uganda

有关地点的进一步说明:

Gulu District

具体说明该技术的分布:

• 均匀地分布在一个区域

如果不知道精确的区域，请注明大致覆盖的区域:

• < 0.1 平方千米（10 公顷）

Map

×

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2011

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过土地使用者的创新

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

是

具体说明混合土地使用（作物/放牧/树木）:

• 农林业

农田

• 乔木与灌木的种植

乔木和灌木种植 - 指定作物:

• 柑橘属

• Orchard of Oranges

每年的生长季节数:

• 2

具体说明:

Twice a year: April-May and August-November

牧场

森林/林地

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 农业林学
• 土壤肥力综合管理

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

农艺措施

• A1：植被和土壤覆盖层
• A2：有机质/土壤肥力
• A3：土壤表面处理

植物措施

• V1：乔木和灌木覆盖层

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

• Wt：表土流失/地表侵蚀
• Wg：冲沟侵蚀/沟蚀

土壤风蚀

• Et：表土流失

化学性土壤退化

• Cn：肥力下降和有机质含量下降（非侵蚀所致）

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 防止土地退化
• 减少土地退化

注释:

The technology prevents soil degradation through litter and decomposition of the mulched grass. The integrated trenches also help retain water for citrus production.

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

技术规范（与技术图纸相关）:

The vertical drawing only contains citrus fruits of oranges that are planted integrated with grass mulch and trenches for soil and water conservation. Mulching should be done up to a depth 0.5 cm with the mulch kept at a minimum of 20 cm away from the plant to allow for air circulation. Digging of the trench is done at a depth of 0.5 metres with the spacing of 10mx10m between the Orange trees.

作者:

Proscovia Kaheru

日期:

27/04/2017

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

UGX

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

3400.0

4.3 技术建立活动

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

4.5 维护/经常性活动

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Labour for digging trenches , cutting and carrying grass is the most expensive input affecting the costs.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Grass mulching is mostly done by both men and women because it is easier work, compared to trenches which are mostly done by men because of their labour intensiveness.

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 社区/村庄
• 个人，未命名

土地使用权:

• 社区（有组织）
• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）
• 个人

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

生物灾害

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

In the short run, the costs of digging trenches and carrying grass are more than the benefits. Benefits include that mulched grass improves the soil fertility and trenches allow water harvesting and prevention of soil and water erosion. In the short term, the digging of trenches are the most expensive input.

6.5 技术采用

• 1-10%

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

7.1 信息的方法/来源