1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Book project: Guidelines to Rangeland Management in Sub-Saharan Africa (Rangeland Management)

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

注释:

The technology is land friendly and has sustained the Maasai pastoralists livelihood so far.

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

In this new technology the Maasai people set aside some acres of land, fence it and plant grass where the land is bear or allow natural standing grass to germinate then harvest it and store as hay for future use. This also helps in preventing soil erosion and surface run off.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The Technology is applied in a natural environment where grass is grow for livestock consumption and sometime for sale in case there is plenty. The main elements of this simple technology is using both existing and experts knowledge to grow grass and conserve it as hay as well as retaining underground water and conserving fertile soils. Identification and fencing of land, planting of grass where necessary has been key in the technology. The purpose of the technology is to regenerate more pasture in arid and semi-arid areas hence sustaining people livelihoods. To maintain the activity, simple tools like sickles, panga, ropes, hay boxes/hole and construction of hay ban/store. The technology helps to provide hay/pasture throughout the season, prevent livestock deaths and providing sustainable source of income for the Maasai. Once there is sustainable income, children will be enrolled in schools and will be able to complete their studies. There will be no livestock migration hence reduced livestock deaths due to diseases and hunger. Land user like continuous supply of hay for livestock, increased production and increased income at the household level. They sometimes do not like to work as labourers as they consider that as lot of work.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保护生态系统
• 降低灾害风险
• 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
• 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

注释:

The land is used for grazing livestock either on open fields or for keeping livestock in fenced secured places, where it is fed with hay (this only happens during dry seasons).

Number of growing seasons per year: 2
April-May and October-December

3.3 由于技术的实施，土地使用是否发生了变化？

注释:

The Maasai used to graze their livestock on open grass land during the group ranch tenure system. There were not specific places designated for grazing during the rainy or dry season everybody grazed where they wanted.

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

This is a semi-arid area with two raining seasons (April-May and October-December) under normal situation but the area can miss rain for an entire year.

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 区域封闭（停止使用，支持恢复）
• 畜牧业和牧场管理

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Land use is changed from normal grazing land to fenced area designated for hay production.

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

注释:

The technology address soil and water conservation which increases pasture generation hence safe livelihoods

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化
• 修复/恢复严重退化的土地

注释:

Most of the land, where the technology is applied on has been degraded hence reducing its production

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

其它/国家货币（具体说明）:

Kenyan Shilling (KES)

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

100.31

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Land identification	6 hours
2.	Fencing of identified land	5 or more days depending on land size
3.	Land preparation for reseeding	7 days or more
4.	Reseeding	3 hours
5.	Continuous management and weeding	Through out the period when the grass is in the field before harvesting
6.	Harvesting	12 hours or more
7.	Hay storage	4 hours

注释:

Each step of the process is important and is given attention for production to be complete

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	fencing	person days	5.0	500.0	2500.0	100.0
劳动力	preparation of land and seeding	person days	8.0	500.0	4000.0	100.0
劳动力	fertilization and weeding	peson days	7.0	500.0	3500.0	100.0
劳动力	harvesting	person days	1.0	500.0	500.0	100.0
设备	building of hay storage facility	person days	5.0	500.0	2500.0	100.0
设备	hay bale press (as seen in the picture)	machine hour	2.0
植物材料	grass seeds	kg	8.0
肥料和杀菌剂	manure
施工材料	fencing material poles	pieces
施工材料	fencing material wire mesh	meters
施工材料	storage facility (corrugated metal sheets for roof, cement for base, poles and wire mesh for sides etc
技术建立所需总成本					13000.0
技术建立总成本，美元					129.6

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Reparation of fence	require repair may be once every season
2.	Land preparation	Done every raining season
3.	Seeds section	One on the onset of the planting season
4.	Harvesting of hay	Hay is harvested once it is ready
5.	Safe storage of hay	Done once (building the store)

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Purchase of materials at the beginning of the project.

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

The land is flat with little vegetation cover. The area receives minimal rainfall

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

Water quality is poor and its storage is poor too

5.5 生物多样性

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

说明土地使用者的其他有关特征:

Most of them are illiterate hence require continuous training and demonstration

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 个人，有命名

土地使用权:

• 个人

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

注释:

Most of the water sources are communally own. So rules are set to govern water use.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

收入和成本

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		增加	适度
其他渐变气候		增加	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
干旱	不好

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

6.5 技术采用

• > 50%

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 11-50%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Advantages of producing, managing and storing hay has been seen to improve livestock production hence improving income for the Maasai.
Production of hay also enhance skills and knowledge for the Maasai pastoralists.
Hay can also be produced and sold to other people which means additional income for the household.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Production of hay also enhance skills and knowledge for the Maasai pastoralists.
Advantages of producing, managing and storing hay has been seen to improve livestock production hence improving income for the Maasai.
Hay can also be produced and sold to other people which means additional income for the household.
This is a way to adapt to the changing environment for maasai pastoralists be it land tenure, limited mobility, climate variability and change (droughts), social and physical infrastructure etc.

7.1 信息的方法/来源