技术

Drought-resistant crops [瑞士]

technologies_6272 - 瑞士

完整性: 88%

1. 一般信息

1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

关键资源人

土地使用者:

Brunner Stefan

Brunner Eichhof

瑞士

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称(如相关)
OPtimal strategies to retAIN and re-use water and nutrients in small agricultural catchments across different soil-climatic regions in Europe (OPTAIN)
有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称(如相关)
CDE Centre for Development and Environment (CDE Centre for Development and Environment) - 瑞士

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题,导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术?:

2. SLM技术的说明

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

In response to changing environmental conditions, it can be valuable to adopt new plant varieties that offer benefits such as drought tolerance. The technology described covers one such response in Switzerland.

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

In response to changing environmental conditions, it can be valuable to adopt new plant varieties that offer benefits such as drought tolerance. The key is the improved adaptation of the crops to heat and drought. These adaptations are based on plant physiological and morphological characteristics that confer increased drought tolerance, as well as phenology, which can also affect the plants' water requirements. The goal is to reduce production losses and promote a regional, plant-based food system in Switzerland. To introduce and maintain drought-resistant crops requires specific activities and inputs, such as selecting suitable seeds and ensuring long-term profitable cultivation. This technology is applied to cropland in Switzerland, especially in the Swiss Plateau, where climate change is causing increasingly warmer and drier summers, as well as more intense precipitation in the winter months. These climatic changes favour the cultivation of crops that can better cope with drought periods, allowing for the replacement of crops that require irrigation in the same growing areas.
The main purpose is to adapt agricultural production to the effects of climate change while simultaneously reducing the emissions caused by farming. By cultivating drought-resistant crops, the risk of production losses during drought periods can be minimized, and a transformation towards more diverse, plant-based, and regional food production systems can be promoted. A major advantage of this technology lies in the adaptability of the selected crops to climate change. Since they are better adapted to tolerating drought periods, no additional irrigation is needed: this saves labour and other resources. Moreover, growing drought tolerant crops enables the production of regional, plant-based, and protein-rich foods (especially legumes) that are appreciated by certain consumer groups and can be better marketed.
However, there are also challenges and disadvantages that are not yet appreciated by land users. The lack of knowledge about non-traditional crops in Switzerland is a significant problem. Both theoretical knowledge and practical experience in cultivation are lacking, leading to high risk for farmers who must experiment with cultivation. Additionally, despite climate scenarios predicting drier summers, there is still the risk of cool and wet summers with increased precipitation. Besides the biophysical challenges, there are also socio-economic obstacles, as the demand from wholesalers is often focused on traditional crops, and niche crops like millet are commonly not popular.
This documentation focuses on an example of an innovative farmer in Spins, Switzerland. Stefan Brunner has been testing a wide variety of drought-resistant legumes such as lentils, lupins and black runner beans on his Eichhof farm since 2017. In addition to the large-scale cultivation of these drought-resistant crops, he also cultivates quinoa, peanuts, chia, sorghum, millet and rice in a demonstration plot. Stefan Brunner simultaneously attaches great importance to sustainable cultivation methods which include surface tillage and mulching.

2.3 技术照片

关于照片的一般说明:

All pictures were taken on the agricultural land of Stefan Brunner in Spins near Aarberg. The pictures of the quinoa field, the bean cultivation and the peanut harvest were taken from the website of the Brunner family's Eichhof farm:

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

国家:

瑞士

区域/州/省:

western midlands of switzerland

有关地点的进一步说明:

western midlands of switzerland (Broye catchment area), example farm in the canton of berne in Spins (near Aarberg)

具体说明该技术的分布:
  • 均匀地分布在一个区域
如果不知道精确的区域,请注明大致覆盖的区域:
  • 0.1-1 平方千米
技术现场是否位于永久保护区?:

注释:

The regions in which the technology is used are located in the agricultural zone of Switzerland

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2017

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:
  • 通过土地使用者的创新

3. SLM技术的分类

3.1 该技术的主要目的

  • 改良生产
  • 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
  • 适应气候变化/极端天气及其影响
  • 创造有益的经济影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地::


农田

农田

  • 一年一作
年作 - 具体指明作物:
  • 谷物类 - 玉米
  • 谷类 - 藜麦或苋菜
  • 谷类 - 高粱
  • 谷类 - 小麦(冬季)
  • 饲料作物 - 草
  • legumes and pulses - lentils
每年的生长季节数:
  • 2
具体说明:

The number of growing seasons depends on the crops grown. With a crop rotation of 6 years, winter cereals, winter lentils/winter legumes and lupins are grown overlapping after three years of permanent grassland (grass production). Brunner also uses green manure between the different crops and therefore has around 2 growing seasons per year

采用间作制度了吗?:

采用轮作制度了吗?:

如果是,请具体说明:

6 years crop rotation:
3 years grass
Winter cereals
Winter lentil (winter legumes)
Lupin

牧场

牧场

集约放牧/饲料生产:
  • 收割和携带/零放牧

3.3 由于技术的实施,土地使用是否发生了变化?

由于技术的实施,土地使用是否发生了变化?:
  • 否(继续问题3.4)
同一土地单元内混合使用的土地::

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:
  • 充分灌溉
注释:

Stefan Brunner is able to irrigate all his fields in Spins near Aarberg. He owes this to the nearby location of the "Alte Aare" river, which gives him the privilege of having sufficient water available even during the summer.

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

  • 改良植物品种/动物品种

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

农艺措施

农艺措施

  • A5:种子管理,改良品种

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

土壤水蚀

土壤水蚀

  • Wt:表土流失/地表侵蚀
物理性土壤退化

物理性土壤退化

  • Pc:压实
生物性退化

生物性退化

  • Bc:植被覆盖的减少
注释:

Brunner sees soil degradation as an unavoidable consequence of all agricultural tillage. However, this can vary greatly depending on the type of tillage. Brunner does not see a direct improvement in soil degradation through the cultivation of drought-resistant plants. However, in combination with soil-conserving forms of cultivation. Brunner attaches particular importance to shallow tillage (maximum depth of 5 cm). Accordingly, crops that can be sown at this depth are suitable. Brunner strives for permanent rooting of the soil and prefers crops that can be sown in the fall so that the soil is rooted over the winter or can handle green manure. These measures (shallow cultivation and root penetration) keep the soil looser. The roots form flow paths, which increases the water storage capacity of the soil. The shallow tillage with small machines, which Brunner uses for his drought resistent crops, also reduces the physical pressure on the soil compaction.

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:
  • 防止土地退化

4. 技术规范、实施活动、投入和成本

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

技术规范(与技术图纸相关):

The depicted technical drawing shows the farmland of Stefan Brunner, where lupins were sown in the spring of 2024. This field is representative of all the arable land, totaling 14 hectares of crop rotation areas managed by Brunner. The cultivation areas are situated at an altitude of 487 meters above sea level on flat or slightly sloping terrain on a hill range in the Bernese Mittelland. The depicted field is 200 meters long and 100 meters wide, with a slope of approximately 11° and an orientation towards the north/northwest. The soil is classified as silty loam based on the finger roll test, with the subsoil containing more clay compared to the topsoil. The pH value is 5, which is in the slightly acidic range.

The fields in Spins are located near the river "Alte Aare." Due to the proximity to the water, the farmer has the privilege of having irrigation available for all his fields. Since the implementation of large-scale cultivation of drought-resistant crops in 2017, Brunner has been growing a variety of crops on his land. According to Brunner, the following crops that he cultivates can cope well with drought: lentils, lupins, sorghum, corn, peanuts, millet, and cabbage. In combination with the method of surface rotting and mulching, the soil is protected against drying out and erosion and can retain moisture for longer. The cultivation of various crops can be combined with this farming method, leading to better drought resistance.The graphic illustrates the cultivation of lupins using a green manure cultivation method.

作者:

Seraina Lerf

日期:

21/06/2024

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:
  • 每个技术区域
注明尺寸和面积单位:

18 ha

具体说明成本计算所用货币:
  • 美元

4.5 维护/经常性活动

活动 时间/频率
1. tillage: and sowing (once per cultivation period)
2. maintenance: weeding (recurring work step, but less labor-intensive than tillage) (Recurring work throughout the year)
3. harvesting: threshing (once a year for grain legumes)
4. Threshing the previous crop. Before the lupins, lentils were grown in Stefan Brunner's crop rotation. summer (july-september)
5. If there is no undersowing (as with the lentils), the soil must be tilled. This is very shallow, i.e. no more than 5 cm deep. summer (july-september)
6. A varied green manure is sown in the cultivated soil. The aim of this is to keep the soil rooted and to incorporate nutrients into the soil summer (july-september)
7. After 6-7 weeks, the green manure is worked back into the soil. When the plants are still young, they have the highest nutrient input before they extract the nutrients from the soil again if they continue to grow. As a result, the nutrients are mineral-bound in the soil, i.e. stored so that they are available to the plants. autumn (early/mid-September)
8. Another green manure is sown, which produces a lot of mass but freezes off in winter before it starts to flower. The aim is to keep the soil covered and rooted throughout the winter. autumn
9. In spring, the soil is again worked shallowly. This means a maximum depth of 3-4 cm. The winter green manure is "planed". This means cutting it to a depth of 3-4 cm and leaving the plant material on the ground. spring
10. The lupins are sown under the plant material to a depth of 4-5 cm, so that the soil remains moist and the plant material protects the soil from drying out. spring (beginning of March/April)
注释:

The first three information does not refer to a specific crop, but describes general maintenance activities that Brunner takes into account when cultivating his crops.
Stefan Brunner's crop rotation also includes 3 years of grassland. This cultivation reduces the workload, as no maintenance work has to be taken into account in addition to the harvest.

The activities 4-10 described relate to the cultivation of lupins. This crop was cultivated at the time of documentation in spring 2024.

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入(每年)

如果您无法分解上表中的成本,请估算维护该技术所需要的总成本。:

22575.0

注释:

The costs of cultivating drought-resistant plants cannot be precisely quantified. Based on the interview results, it is therefore not possible to make any general statements about the costs of cultivation.

Nevertheless, in order to be able to make a rough estimate of the input costs required to implement the technology (Example based on the cultivation of lupins), information from REFLEX 2024 (AGRIDEA's business database) and FiBL (Research Institute of Organic Agriculture) was used. According to REFLEX 2024, the target price for lupins in 2023 and 2024 is 144Fr./dt. A FiBL leaflet also states a requirement of 130-170kg seed/ha (blue lupins).

According to the results collected, the documented farm uses a disk coulter seed drill with a row spacing of 12.5 cm, sows approx. 3-4 cm deep and requires 200 kg/ha of seed.

With a field size of the documented farm of approx. 2 ha, the costs for the required lupin seed amount to CHF 576 according to the data from REFLEX 2024.

Then there are the labor costs and the machines. Depending on which machines are required and whether the required machines are already available or whether a new investment or rental would be necessary.

The estimate only refers to the seed required. Additional recurring costs include maintenance/ rental costs for machinery and labour. Unfortunately, it is not possible to provide more precise information on this. It depends on the machines and labor costs used.
However, according to the interview results with a farmer who grows drought-resistant crops, there are no significant additional costs if the drought-resistant crops can be grown with the same machinery as for conventional crops.

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

The greatest difficulty in terms of costs lies in the lack of knowledge in the cultivation of these crops. The fact that very little scientific and practical knowledge and experience is available means that farmers take a greater risk in cultivating these crops. If cultivation is not carried out correctly and the farmer suffers production losses as a result, he bears the consequences. This is why they have to look for inventive solutions.

5. 自然和人文环境

5.1 气候

年降雨量
  • < 250毫米
  • 251-500毫米
  • 501-750毫米
  • 751-1,000毫米
  • 1,001-1,500毫米
  • 1,501-2,000毫米
  • 2,001-3,000毫米
  • 3,001-4,000毫米
  • > 4,000毫米
指定年平均降雨量(若已知),单位为mm:

865.00

注明所考虑的参考气象站名称:

Payerne

农业气候带
  • 半湿润

average maximum temperature 14.2°C, average minimum temperature 5.1°C

5.2 地形

平均坡度:
  • 水平(0-2%)
  • 缓降(3-5%)
  • 平缓(6-10%)
  • 滚坡(11-15%)
  • 崎岖(16-30%)
  • 陡峭(31-60%)
  • 非常陡峭(>60%)
地形:
  • 高原/平原
  • 山脊
  • 山坡
  • 山地斜坡
  • 麓坡
  • 谷底
垂直分布带:
  • 0-100 m a.s.l.
  • 101-500 m a.s.l.
  • 501-1,000 m a.s.l.
  • 1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
  • 1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
  • 2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
  • 2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
  • 3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
  • > 4,000 m a.s.l.
说明该技术是否专门应用于:
  • 不相关

5.3 土壤

平均土层深度:
  • 非常浅(0-20厘米)
  • 浅(21-50厘米)
  • 中等深度(51-80厘米)
  • 深(81-120厘米)
  • 非常深(> 120厘米)
土壤质地(表土):
  • 中粒(壤土、粉土)
土壤质地(地表以下> 20厘米):
  • 中粒(壤土、粉土)
表土有机质:
  • 中(1-3%)

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

地下水位表:

5-50米

地表水的可用性:

水质(未处理):

仅供农业使用(灌溉)

水质请参考::

地表水

水的盐度有问题吗?:

该区域正在发生洪水吗?:

规律性:

偶然

关于水质和水量的注释和进一步规范:

The increasing threat of heavy rainfall events due to climate change enhances the threat of flooding.

5.5 生物多样性

物种多样性:
栖息地多样性:
关于生物多样性的注释和进一步规范:

Both are in between low and medium, but rather low

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

定栖或游牧:
  • 定栖的
生产系统的市场定位:
  • 商业/市场
非农收入:
  • 低于全部收入的10%
相对财富水平:
  • 平均水平
个人或集体:
  • 个人/家庭
机械化水平:
  • 机械化/电动
性别:
  • 女人
  • 男人
土地使用者的年龄:
  • 中年人

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

  • < 0.5 公顷
  • 0.5-1 公顷
  • 1-2 公顷
  • 2-5公顷
  • 5-15公顷
  • 15-50公顷
  • 50-100公顷
  • 100-500公顷
  • 500-1,000公顷
  • 1,000-10,000公顷
  • > 10,000公顷
这被认为是小规模、中规模还是大规模的(参照当地实际情况)?:
  • 大规模的
注释:

The Swiss average of agricultural area per farm is 20.9 ha. In the Broye region, it is 31.65 ha

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:
  • 个人,有命名
土地使用权:
  • 租赁
  • 个人
用水权:
  • 社区(有组织)

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

健康:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
教育:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
技术援助:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
就业(例如非农):
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
市场:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
能源:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
道路和交通:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
饮用水和卫生设施:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的
金融服务:
  • 贫瘠
  • 适度的

6. 影响和结论性说明

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

生产故障风险

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

Production losses during periods of drought can be minimised

产品多样性

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

Product diversity can be increased by growing alternative drought-resistant crops

土地管理

妨碍
简化
注释/具体说明:

By improving the soil's ability to cope with weather extremes (drought/heavy rainfall), land management in cultivation is simplified through greater flexibility.

水资源可用性和质量

饮用水的可用性

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

Gentle tillage without the use of pesticides in the cultivation of drought-resistant crops (good groundwater quality)

灌溉用水需求

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

Drought-resistant crops require less irrigation. In addition, the tillage method (surface rotting) also prevents the soil from drying out.

收入和成本

农业投入费用

增加
降低

农业收入

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

more diverse market thanks to greater product diversity in the cultivation of alternative crops

收入来源的多样性

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

more diverse market thanks to greater product diversity in the cultivation of alternative crops

工作量

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

Gentle soil cultivation with minimal use of machinery (and application of surface rotting) requires more labour, even if the cultivation of drought-resistant crops does not mean additional work compared to conventional crops

生态影响

水循环/径流

水量

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

Less water required for irrigation

水质

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

Avoiding the use of pesticides leads to improved water and soil quality
Harvesting/collection of water

水的回收/收集

减少
改良
注释/具体说明:

The improved water absorption capacity of the soil (through soil cultivation methods) can lead to improved groundwater recharge

地表径流

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

Surface runoff can be minimised by improving the water absorption capacity of the soil (permanent root penetration).

多余水的排放

减少
改良
注释/具体说明:

Due to the improved water absorption capacity of the soil (through soil cultivation methods), less excess water is formed

地下水位/含水层

下降
补水
注释/具体说明:

The improved water absorption capacity of the soil can lead to improved groundwater recharge

蒸发

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

Permanent ground cover can reduce soil drying out

土壤

土壤水分

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

The permanent ground cover reduces drying out and the permanent root penetration leads to improved water absorption capacity of the soil. This can improve the soil water balance.

土壤覆盖层

减少
改良
注释/具体说明:

The ground should be permanently covered. The permanent ground cover reduces drying out.

土壤流失

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

The permanent covering and rooting of the soil prevents surface run-off. This can prevent soil loss.

土壤堆积

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

Green manuring can ensure an improved hummus structure.

土壤结壳/密封

增加
减少
注释/具体说明:

The permanent ground cover reduces dehydration and the permanent root penetration leads to improved water absorption capacity of the soil. This prevents soil sealing.

土壤压实

增加
减少
注释/具体说明:

The soil should remain permanently rooted and covered and be worked with as few and light machines as possible. This minimises soil compaction.

养分循环/补给

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

By applying green manure, the soil can be enriched with nutrients (nutrient cycle of the soil).

土壤有机物/地下C

降低
增加
生物多样性:植被、动物

植物多样性

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

greater plant diversity in the cultivation of alternative crops

减少气候和灾害风险

干旱影响

增加
降低
注释/具体说明:

Due to the improved ability of plants to cope with drought. to deal with drought. In combination with good water storage capacity of the soil, the effects of drought on the harvest can be minimised.

对现场影响的评估(测量)进行具体说明:

Information in this chapter on practical experience in the cultivation of drought-resistant crops is based on interview results from Stefan Brunner. He cultivates drought-resistant crops in combination with surface cultivation and mulching. As a result the effects of the two technologies cannot be considered entirely separately.

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

水资源可用性

降低
增加
注释/具体说明:

In the analysed area (Spins near Aarberg) there is a permanent possibility to irrigate the fields due to the water availability of the nearby river Aare

旱季稳定可靠的水流

减少
增加
注释/具体说明:

In the analysed area (Spins near Aarberg) there is a permanent possibility to irrigate the fields due to the water availability of the nearby river Aare

地下水/河流污染

增加
减少
注释/具体说明:

The use of herbicides and fungicides was avoided in the cultivation of drought-resistant crops, thus preventing contamination

缓冲/过滤能力

减少
改良
注释/具体说明:

improved water absorption capacity (through soil cultivation methods) of the soil

Stability of production

decreased
increased
注释/具体说明:

Due to the improved adaptability to climatic conditions, production remains more stable

对场外影响(测量)的评估进行具体说明:

Information in this chapter based on the state of knowledge from the research of Dr. Annelie Holzkämper

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性(土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害)

渐变气候

渐变气候
季节 增加或减少 该技术是如何应对的?
年温度 增加 适度
季节性温度 夏季 增加 适度
季雨量 夏季 减少

气候有关的极端情况(灾害)

气候灾害
该技术是如何应对的?
热浪 适度
寒潮 未知
极端冬季条件 未知
干旱
生物灾害
该技术是如何应对的?
流行病 未知
注释:

Information in this chapter based on the state of knowledge from the research of Dr. rer. nat. Annelie Holzkämper

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何(从土地使用者的角度看)?
短期回报:

消极

长期回报:

积极

注释:

The more equipment has to be used in cultivation, the more expensive the maintenance costs become. As Brunner is able to cultivate drought-resistant crops such as lupins and lentils with the existing equipment, he did not incur any additional costs. Even if a new machine for gentle soil cultivation in the cultivation of drought-resistant crops, such as a “planer”, had to be purchased, a plow could be sold in return. As long as the same mechanization can be used as Brunner was already using for conventional crops, the costs remain the same. As a result, Brunner's cost-benefit ratio was assessed as positive, even in the short term.
In the long term (over a period of 10 years), Brunner also sees an increased positive cost/benefit ratio. Consistently good soil cultivation regenerates the soil so well that it is able to absorb much more water. The amount of work required to implement this form of cultivation increases in the short term. However, the improved soil conditions in connection with the cultivation of drought-resistant crops have a positive effect on the workload and yield in the long term, as the crops on healthy soil are more flexible in the face of extreme weather conditions such as increasingly frequent droughts. Brunner also emphasizes that, from his perspective, it is worth incurring higher start-up costs for careful cultivation in order to generate long-term benefits.
The start-up costs are often relatively high, but the long-term benefits are all the more valuable. Start-up capital is therefore essential to be able to generate long-term benefits.

6.5 技术采用

  • 单例/实验
在所有采用这项技术的人当中,有多少人是自发的,即未获得任何物质奖励/付款?:
  • 0-10%
注释:

Information based on the experience of Stefan Brunner (Spins)

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件?:

其它(具体说明):

breeding

具体说明技术的适应性(设计、材料/品种等):

Continuous adaptation in the context of breeding

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
No Irrigation Needed: These crops do not require irrigation, thus saving water and reducing labor.
Promotion of Soil Health: The cultivation of these crops is beneficial for the soil, as as the tillage is shallow and legumes do not require additional nutrient inputs through fertilization.
Benefits in Direct Marketing: These crops are niche products produced in limited quantities in Switzerland. Conscious consumers who value regional food products appreciate these items and understand the higher costs due to the high labor requirements.
编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的长处/优势/机会
Reduced Irrigation Needs: If the crops can tolerate more drought, less irrigation is needed.
Minimized Economic Risk: Drought tolerance reduces the risk of crop failure during dry periods.
Crop Rotation Benefits: Better adaptation through diverse crop cultivation.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险 如何克服它们?
High Labour Requirements: initial labour requirements are significantly higher due to limited knowledge and practical experience in cultivation, but with time this reduces - as less and less work is required on healthy and nutrient rich soils. More practical knowledge should be gathered by encouraging more farmers to cultivate these crops and facilitating knowledge exchange.
Lack of Mechanization: Available market machines are not suited for the desired cultivation methods. Alternative machines are needed, which are smaller and lighter and only minimally till the soil. New approaches and inventions in machinery are required.
The wholesale market is not particularly interested in domestically produced alternative foods. Wholesalers are profit-oriented and primarily offer what is consumed in Switzerland. A reorientation of dietary habits is necessary. Millet, for example, is ideally suited to the climatic conditions in the Seeland region. Increased consumption could lead to more extensive cultivation.
编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险 如何克服它们?
Lack of knowledge: limited knowledge and practical experience in cultivation More research should be carried out in this area and practical experience in cultivation should be gained through practical implementation. Inovative farmers are in demand.
Weather Variability: There is no guarantee that heavy rains won't occur, potentially ruining the harvest. The extent to which crops are affected by severe weather events depends on when they occur. Severe weather events have an impact on every crop, but of course you don't know when they will occur. A useful strategy is therefore to build a highly diverse production system at farm and landscape level.
Practical and Socioeconomic Challenges: Market preferences and practical issues, such as livestock not favoring sorghum feed, can be obstacles. No answer given.

7. 参考和链接

7.1 信息的方法/来源

  • 与土地使用者的访谈

On June 10, 2024, an interview was conducted with farmer Stefan Brunner on his farm in Spins near Aarberg. Additionally, the cultivated area was inspected

  • 与SLM专业人员/专家的访谈

On June 20, 2024, an interview was conducted with PD Dr. Annelie Holzkämper.

(现场)数据是什么时候汇编的?:

10/06/2024

注释:

Inspection of the cultivation aera

7.2 参考可用出版物

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Heinz, Malve et al. (2023): How to find alternative crops for climate-resilient regional food production, in: Agricultural Systems, Bd. 213, S. 103793, doi:10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103793.

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Wuyts, Nathalie et al. (2023): Klimaresilienter Ackerbau 2035, Agrarforschung Schweiz, doi:10.34776/afs13-135.

标题、作者、年份、ISBN:

Heinz, Malve. (2021): Prospects of cultivating alternative crops in a changing climate in Switzerland, Master’s Thesis, University of Bern.

7.3 链接到网络上的相关信息

标题/说明:

Internet platform of the Eichhof of the Brunner family from Spins near Aarberg

URL:

https://www.brunnereichhof.ch

7.4 一般注释

The information used to complete this documentation is mainly based on the experience reports of Stefan Brunner from an interview on June 10, 2024

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