1.2 参与该技术评估和文件编制的资源人员和机构的联系方式

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的项目名称（如相关）

Community-based sustainable land and forest management in Afghanistan

有助于对技术进行记录/评估的机构名称（如相关）

FAO Afghanistan (FAO Afghanistan) - 阿富汗

1.3 关于使用通过WOCAT记录的数据的条件

编制者和关键资源人员接受有关使用通过WOCAT记录数据的条件。:

是

1.4 所述技术的可持续性声明

这里所描述的技术在土地退化方面是否存在问题，导致无法被认为是一种可持续的土地管理技术？:

否

1.5 参考关于SLM方法（使用WOCAT记录的SLM方法）的调查问卷

2.1 技术简介

技术定义:

Restoring degraded rangelands through quarantine in Qadis district, Badghis Afghanistan

2.2 技术的详细说明

说明:

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) project of “Community-based sustainable land and forest management in Afghanistan” aimed to promote biodiversity conservation, climate change mitigation, and rangeland productivity through introducing community-based sustainable land and forest management (SLM/SFM) practices in rangeland and forest areas within five targeted provinces, including Badghis, that benefited rural communities that rely on these ecosystems for their livelihood.
In June 2022, a 1,000-hectare rangeland quarantine area was established to promote the rehabilitation of degraded land and restore the natural vegetation cover. This area was strategically enclosed with clearly marked benchmark boundaries to prevent grazing and ensure its complete protection. By protecting this area from human interference and grazing, the land has been given the opportunity to recover naturally.
The quarantine area has shown remarkable improvements in the health of its ecosystem. Native grasses, shrubs, and bushes have successfully rehabilitated, with noticeable growth and regeneration. The efforts to protect this area have allowed these plants to thrive without the pressure of overgrazing, leading to the revitalization of the local flora.
A significant outcome of the quarantine area is its role as a natural seed bank. Native seeds collected from this rehabilitated land are now being stored and used for reseeding other degraded rangelands. These seeds, adapted to the local environment, have high potential for successful regeneration when used to restore other areas facing similar ecological challenges. This process not only supports the rehabilitation of nearby rangelands but also contributes to the long-term sustainability and resilience of the local ecosystem.
The success of this quarantine area highlights the importance of protective measures and demonstrates the potential for land recovery through strategic interventions. As a result, this area serves as both a model for rangeland rehabilitation and a valuable resource for future restoration efforts across the region.

2.3 技术照片

2.4 技术视频

2.5 已应用该技术的、本评估所涵盖的国家/地区/地点

2.6 实施日期

注明实施年份:

2022

如果不知道确切的年份，请说明大概的日期:

• 不到10年前（最近）

2.7 技术介绍

详细说明该技术是如何引入的:

• 通过项目/外部干预

注释（项目类型等）:

GEF-06 SLM project in Afghanistan

3.1 该技术的主要目的

• 改良生产
• 减少、预防、恢复土地退化
• 保护生态系统
• 保持/提高生物多样性
• 减缓气候变化及其影响

3.2 应用该技术的当前土地利用类型

同一土地单元内混合使用的土地：:

否

3.4 供水

该技术所应用土地的供水:

• 雨养

注释:

Rainfall occurs in December to April

3.5 该技术所属的SLM组

• 区域封闭（停止使用，支持恢复）
• 畜牧业和牧场管理
• 改良的地面/植被覆盖

3.6 包含该技术的可持续土地管理措施

注释:

Effective waste management in quarantined rangelands is essential for maintaining the ecological integrity of these protected areas if not managed, excessive organic matter can lead to the proliferation of pests and diseases that may harm native vegetation and disrupt the rehabilitation process.

3.7 该技术强调的主要土地退化类型

3.8 防止、减少或恢复土地退化

具体数量名该技术与土地退化有关的目标:

• 减少土地退化

4.1 该技术的技术图纸

4.2 有关投入和成本计算的一般信息

具体说明成本和投入是如何计算的:

• 每个技术区域

具体说明成本计算所用货币:

• 美元

如相关，注明美元与当地货币的汇率（例如1美元=79.9巴西雷亚尔）：1美元=:

75.0

4.3 技术建立活动

	活动	时间（季度）
1.	Survey and site selection followed by feasibility study	1st month 10/04/2022
2.	Preparing construction material like rock	2nd month 08/05/2022
3.	Construction of benchmark boundaries around the area	3rd month 01/06/2022
4.	Capacity building of the target communities	4th month 05/07/2022
5.	Hiring guard for patrolling the area	5th month 01/08/2022

4.4 技术建立所需要的费用和投入

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Skilled labour for construction of benchmark	person/day	60.0	750.0	45000.0
劳动力	Unskilled labour for construction of benchmark	person/day	130.0	350.0	45500.0	100.0
劳动力	Guard for patrolling the area	person/day	2.0	72000.0	144000.0	50.0
施工材料	Rock	M3	100.0	600.0	60000.0	100.0
技术建立所需总成本					294500.0
技术建立总成本，美元					3926.67

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

50 % cost of guard for patrolling the area paid by FAO/GEF

注释:

Cost of skilled labour for construction of benchmark was paid FAO/GEF

4.5 维护/经常性活动

	活动	时间/频率
1.	Patrolling the area	All seasons/regular

4.6 维护/经常性活动所需要的费用和投入（每年）

	对投入进行具体说明	单位	数量	单位成本	每项投入的总成本	土地使用者承担的成本%
劳动力	Guard for patrolling the area	person/year	2.0	72000.0	144000.0	50.0
技术维护所需总成本					144000.0
技术维护总成本，美元					1920.0

如果土地使用者负担的费用少于100%，请注明由谁负担其余费用:

50 % cost of guard for patrolling the area paid by FAO/GEF

4.7 影响成本的最重要因素

描述影响成本的最决定性因素:

Skilled and unskilled labour

5.1 气候

5.2 地形

说明该技术是否专门应用于:

• 凹陷情况

关于地形的注释和进一步规范:

1800 m above sea level and slope angle is 20 %

5.3 土壤

5.4 水资源可用性和质量

水的盐度有问题吗？:

否

该区域正在发生洪水吗？:

否

5.5 生物多样性

关于生物多样性的注释和进一步规范:

The rangelands are characterized by flora diversity and likely host a variety of plant species that are adapted to arid conditions. These include drought-resistant grasses like Eragrostis species, shrubs like Acantholimon caryophllaceum, Artemisia and some endemic plant species unique to the region (Achillea nabilis, Cardaria draba, Cousinia resinosa).

5.6 应用该技术的土地使用者的特征

5.7 应用该技术的土地使用者使用的平均土地面积

5.8 土地所有权、土地使用权和水使用权

土地所有权:

• 社区/村庄

土地使用权:

• 社区（有组织）

用水权:

• 社区（有组织）

土地使用权是否基于传统的法律制度？:

是

具体说明:

Traditional land use rights

注释:

Land use rights are held collectively by communities, reflecting a communal approach to resource management.

5.9 进入服务和基础设施的通道

6.1 该技术的现场影响

社会经济效应

生产

水资源可用性和质量

社会文化影响

生态影响

水循环/径流

土壤

生物多样性:植被、动物

减少气候和灾害风险

对现场影响的评估（测量）进行具体说明:

N/A

6.2 该技术的场外影响已经显现

对场外影响（测量）的评估进行具体说明:

N/A

6.3 技术对渐变气候以及与气候相关的极端情况/灾害的暴露和敏感性（土地使用者认为的极端情况/灾害）

渐变气候

渐变气候

	季节	增加或减少	该技术是如何应对的？
年温度		减少	适度
年降雨量		增加	适度

气候有关的极端情况（灾害）

气象灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
局地风暴	适度

气候灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
热浪	适度
干旱	适度

水文灾害

	该技术是如何应对的？
山洪暴发	适度

6.4 成本效益分析

技术收益与技术建立成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

技术收益与技术维护成本/经常性成本相比如何（从土地使用者的角度看）？

注释:

Improved rangelands often lead to higher forage yields, supporting larger and healthier livestock populations. This can result in increased income for land users.

6.5 技术采用

• 单例/实验

在所有采用这项技术的人当中，有多少人是自发的，即未获得任何物质奖励/付款？:

• 0-10%

6.6 适应

最近是否对该技术进行了修改以适应不断变化的条件？:

否

6.7 该技术的优点/长处/机会

土地使用者眼中的长处/优势/机会
Rangeland quarantine allow for better management of pasture resources leading to improved pasture and grass quality.
Rangeland quarantine increased productivity can maximize the land's carrying capacity leading to higher livestock productivity per unit area.
Rangeland quarantine helps prevent overgrazing, reduces parasite loads, minimizes soil compaction, and allows for more natural feeding behaviors, all of which contribute to overall animal health.
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions through carbon sequestration.
Properly managed rangeland quarantine can promote biodiversity by creating varied habitats and supporting a range of plant and animal species.
Implementing rangeland quarantine can lead to knowledge transfer among farmers, researchers, and agricultural extension services, fostering innovation and best practices in sustainable land management.

6.8 技术的弱点/缺点/风险及其克服方法

土地使用者认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
Ensuring the right number of animals on each grazing area can be challenging, leading to risks of overgrazing or underutilization.	Stocking rate management.
Rangeland quarantine can lead to social conflicts among different user groups, such as conflicting interests between livestock owners, conservationists, and indigenous communities.	Facilitating dialogue among stakeholders, promoting collaborative rangeland management approaches, respecting traditional land tenure systems, and fostering community-based conflict resolution mechanisms can help manage.

编制者或其他关键资源人员认为的弱点/缺点/风险	如何克服它们？
When grazing animals are quarantined, their numbers may increase in certain areas, leading to overgrazing. This can result in habitat degradation and loss of plant diversity.	Implement managed grazing systems to control population densities and prevent overgrazing. This can include rotational grazing practices.

7.1 信息的方法/来源

7.4 一般注释

This questionnaire serves as an ideal model to showcase the work modality and shared experiences with other regions. By evaluating this type of work model, individuals interested in this field can easily adjust their activities and increase their chances of success.