1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Name of project which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Ministerio de Ambiente y Agua Ecuador (MAAE) - Ecuador

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería Ecuador (MAG) - Ecuador

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Organización de la Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura Ecuador (FAO Ecuador) - Ecuador

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

When were the data compiled (in the field)?

20/11/2019

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Ja

1.4 Declaration on sustainability of the described Technology

Is the Technology described here problematic with regard to land degradation, so that it cannot be declared a sustainable land management technology?

Nee

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

El Pilancón es un micro-reservorio para almacenar agua ya sea de lluvia y quebradas, y es utilizado para el riego de los cultivos de áreas pequeñas.

2.2 Detailed description of the Technology

Description:

Es una estructura formada con hierro, cemento, piedra y ladrillo. Es semejante a un reservorio con la particularidad de estar sobre el nivel del suelo. El volumen de almacenamiento es de 12 m3 en promedio. El agua almacenada es utilizada para los abrevaderos del ganado y para el riego por aspersión o gravedad de los cultivos agrícolas y pastos. El diseño y construcción adecuados de los pilancones son indispensables para asegurar el éxito de estas obras, además de hacerlos más fáciles de cuidar, más seguros y económicos. Es ideal considerar en los aspectos constructivos del reservorio el punto más alto de la finca, de modo que el agua pueda llegar desde este punto hasta cualquier lugar de la propiedad. Sin embargo, no siempre es posible tener las condiciones adecuadas para lograr lo anterior. Si la estructura solo puede ubicarse en un punto muy bajo, será necesario considerar la implementación de bombeo. La selección del sitio adecuado es clave para el éxito del reservorio. Debe tomarse en cuenta la topografía del terreno, la textura del suelo, el destino donde se usará el agua y la disponibilidad de la fuente de agua. Este tipo de reservorio es muy similar al excavado, con la diferencia que el nivel del agua se puede llevar por encima del suelo, mediante la construcción de paredes, principalmente de concreto. Se recomienda para zonas donde otros materiales de construcción no se encuentren disponibles.

2.3 Photos of the Technology

2.4 Videos of the Technology

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

2.6 Date of implementation

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:

• more than 50 years ago (traditional)

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

• as part of a traditional system (> 50 years)

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

• improve production
• create beneficial economic impact
• create beneficial social impact

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

3.3 Further information about land use

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

• mixed rainfed-irrigated

Number of growing seasons per year:

• 2

3.4 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

• water harvesting
• irrigation management (incl. water supply, drainage)
• home gardens

3.5 Spread of the Technology

Specify the spread of the Technology:

• applied at specific points/ concentrated on a small area

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

• prevent land degradation
• reduce land degradation

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

4.2 Technical specifications/ explanations of technical drawing

Los pilancones generalmente se construyen de 3 m de ancho por 4 m de largo y 1,5 m de alto lo que da una capacidad de 18 m3 de almacenamiento de agua con una tubería de salida en el extremo bajo de 2" para su distribución.
Es necesario elaborar una base y pilares de hormigón y luego pegar los ladrillos para evitar resquebrajamiento debido a que los suelos donde existen arcillas expansivas someten a la estructura a constantes presiones que sumados al peso del agua almacenada rompen las paredes en corto tiempo.

4.3 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

Specify how costs and inputs were calculated:

• per Technology unit

Specify currency used for cost calculations:

• US Dollars

4.4 Establishment activities

	Activity	Type of measure	Timing
1.	Limpieza de terreno	Agronomic	None
2.	Transporte de materiales	Structural	None
3.	Preparación de materiales	Structural	None
4.	Construcción del pilancón	Structural	None

4.5 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

	Specify input	Unit	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Labour	Limpieza de terreno	jornal	1.0	15.0	15.0	100.0
Labour	Transporte de materiales	jornal	2.0	15.0	30.0	100.0
Labour	Preparación de materiales	jornal	2.0	15.0	30.0	100.0
Labour	Construcción del pilancón	jornal	4.0	15.0	60.0	100.0
Construction material	Cemento	quintal	20.0	8.0	160.0	20.0
Construction material	Arena	m3	2.0	13.0	26.0	20.0
Construction material	Piedras	m3	0.5	24.0	12.0	20.0
Construction material	Hierro	varilla	1.0	16.0	16.0	20.0
Construction material	None	None	400.0	0.25	100.0
Construction material	None	None	1.5	15.0	22.5
Total costs for establishment of the Technology					471.5

4.6 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

	Activity	Type of measure	Timing/ frequency
1.	None	Other measures	None

4.7 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

	Specify input	Unit	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Labour	None	None	0.3	15.0	4.5	100.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology					4.5

4.8 Most important factors affecting the costs

Describe the most determinate factors affecting the costs:

El costo del material de construcción es el que más contribuye al costo total de la tecnología.

5.1 Climate

5.2 Topography

Indicate if the Technology is specifically applied in:

• not relevant

5.3 Soils

5.4 Water availability and quality

Is water salinity a problem?

Nee

Is flooding of the area occurring?

Nee

5.5 Biodiversity

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

5.7 Average area of land owned or leased by land users applying the Technology

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

• individual, not titled
• individual, titled

Land use rights:

• leased
• individual

Water use rights:

• leased
• individual

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

Water availability and quality

Income and costs

Socio-cultural impacts

Ecological impacts

Water cycle/ runoff

Soil

6.2 Off-site impacts the Technology has shown

Comments regarding impact assessment:

La tecnología no produce ningún tipo de impacto fuera del sitio de implementación.

6.3 Exposure and sensitivity of the Technology to gradual climate change and climate-related extremes/ disasters (as perceived by land users)

Climate-related extremes (disasters)

Climatological disasters

	How does the Technology cope with it?
cold wave	very well
drought	very well

Hydrological disasters

	How does the Technology cope with it?
landslide	not well

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?

How do the benefits compare with the maintenance/ recurrent costs (from land users' perspective)?

6.5 Adoption of the Technology

• 10-50%

Of all those who have adopted the Technology, how many have did so spontaneously, i.e. without receiving any material incentives/ payments?

• 0-10%

6.6 Adaptation

Has the Technology been modified recently to adapt to changing conditions?

Ja

6.7 Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities of the Technology

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
Mejora la disponibilidad de agua para los abrevaderos del ganado y para el riego por aspersión o gravedad de los cultivos agrícolas y pastos
Fácil de cuidar, segura y económica

6.8 Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks of the Technology and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view	How can they be overcome?
Es necesario la disponibilidad de material para su construcción.
No es recomendable en parcelas con superficie plana

7.1 Methods/ sources of information