المناهج

Inter-sectoral collaboration for sustainable land management in tea smallholdings [سريلانكا]

Inter-sectoral collaboration for sustainable land management in tea smallholdings

approaches_6182 - سريلانكا

عرض الأقسام

توسيع الكل
الإكتمال: 97%

1. معلومات عامة

1.2 تفاصيل الاتصال بالأشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات والمؤسسات المعنية بتقييم وتوثيق النهج

الشخص (الأشخاص) الرئيسي لمصدر المعلومات

متخصص في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي:

Nimal Gunasena

جامع المعلومات المشارك:

Warshi Dandeniya

جامع المعلومات المشارك:

Achini Dias

Agrarian Research and Production Assistant:

Iroshini Senevirathna

+94778278582

iroshinisenavirathna@gmail.com

Department of Agrarian Development

Agrarian Research and Production Assistant Office, "Nila Sewana", Pambadeniya

سريلانكا

مستخدم الأرض:

Pushpa Ranjani

+94767817221

“Sithamu Ranliya” farmer's organization

Pambadeniya, Panvilathanna

سريلانكا

اسم المشروع الذي سهّل توثيق/تقييم النهج (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)
Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Lands in Kandy, Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka
اسم المؤسسة (المؤسسات) التي سهلت توثيق/تقييم النهج (إذا كان ذلك على صلة)
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka (AGRI.PDN) - سريلانكا

1.3 الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT

متى تم تجميع البيانات (ميدانيا)؟:

25/02/2022

يوافق جامع المعلومات والشخص (لاشخاص) الرئيسي لمصدر المعلومات على الشروط المتعلقة باستخدام البيانات الموثقة من خلال WOCAT:

نعم

2. وصف نهج الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

2.1 وصف موجز للنهج

Participatory land restoration with the collective efforts of different stakeholders can assure sustainable use of land-resources. This approach promoted sustainable land management technologies such as agroforestry, soil conservation, and soil fertility enhancement practices through inter-sectoral collaboration, including the use of digital tools and Farmer Field Schools (FFS) to provide training and resources, disseminate knowledge, improve market-orientation of farmers, and monitor and evaluate the progress of activities for rehabilitating and increasing the productivity of degraded tea smallholdings in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka.

2.2 وصف تفصيلي للنهج

وصف تفصيلي للنهج:

Due to unsustainable land management practices the monthly average green-leaf yield of tea smallholdings in Maligamale watershed in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka is as low as 1000 kg/hectare, whereas the potential is 2400 kg/hectare. Soil erosion, soil fertility decline, low plant density, and poor shade management are among the main reasons for low productivity. This causes reduced household incomes and farmers’ ability to invest in sustainable land management (SLM) practices. Inefficiencies in top-down extension methodology, lack of awareness and training on tea cultivation techniques, poor business practices, lack of access to services and poor perceptions about SLM have reduced profit margins of tea smallholdings. Hence, the aim/ objectives of the approach are to increase the land productivity in tea smallholdings and increase farmer’s incomes and gain environmental benefits through proper implementation of SLM practices. To address this, the Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Land Project (RDALP) introduced a participatory approach together with Tea Smallholdings Development Authority (TSHDA), Department of Agrarian Development and other relevant government institutions, the private sector and farming community. The approach considered methods for strengthening linkages between stakeholder groups, providing training and resources for SLM practices, enhancing market orientation, using ICT for knowledge sharing, monitoring and evaluation, improving perceptions of farming community on agriculture and enhancing food-security of the households.
Firstly, tea smallholders who volunteered to learn about SLM were linked with the experts to collectively develop a participatory land restoration proposal. Site specific limitations for productivity improvement, recommendations, roles of different stakeholders, and training and material needs were identified in the proposal. The existing institutional setup was used for coordination of activities. The experts from government institutes provided training on SLM through farmer field schools, field demonstrations and ICT tools. More specifically, farmers were educated on soil conservation and soil fertility management practices: these included producing organic fertilizers using locally available resources, building live fences with green-manure crops and edible crops, intercropping using export agriculture crops, in-filling, selective weeding, developing and maintaining nurseries, using machinery for cutting pits and harvesting, using safety measures during field operations, and shade tree management. In addition, farmers have been encouraged to share good-practices, keep records and practice soil test-based decision making for nutrient management. Farmers and officers effectively used WhatsApp®, Zoom® and Facebook® for knowledge sharing and for monitoring and evaluating progress. Dissemination of knowledge using ICT and performance-based rewarding helped to recruit more farmers as followers. The TSHDA supported with extension service and regular monitoring of progress. With the support of government institutes, farmers were linked with private sector companies to promote market orientation. Export agriculture crops such as peppers, vanilla, areca nut and cloves were successfully incorporated into tea smallholding landscape, allowing farmers to earn an extra income. The partners from the private sector provided planting materials and extension services to transfer necessary knowledge and skills to the farmers. Machinery was provided to farmer organizations for the members to share.
Improving profitability of farming, improving hygiene and safety of farmers, and reducing time spent on agronomic practices have uplifted the living-status of famers and increased their willingness to invest in SLM. These characters could attract youth to the sector.

2.3 صور عن النهج

معرض الوسائط

2.4 فيديوهات عن النهج

تعليقات، وصف موجز:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SU3--fHKY1k
Application of ICT for knowledge dissemination and agricultural extension service

التاريخ:

20/07/2021

الموقع:

Pambadeniya, Panvilathanna

2.5 البلد/المنطقة/المواقع التي تم تطبيق النهج فيها

البلد:

سريلانكا

المنطقة/الولاية/المحافظة:

Kandy District- Central Province

مزيد من التفاصيل حول الموقع:

Pambadeniya village

التعليقات:

The region is in the Maligamale watershed in the Central Highlands of Sri Lanka.

معاينة الخريطة

2.6 تواريخ بدء وإنهاء تنفيذ النهج

أشر إلى سنة البدء:

2017

التعليقات:

Approach is still carrying out by land user

2.7 نوع النهج

  • قائم على مشروع/برنامج

2.8 الغايات/الأهداف الرئيسية للنهج

The aims/ objectives of the approach are to increase the land productivity in tea smallholdings and increase farmers' income and environmental benefits through proper implementation of SLM practices.

2.9 الظروف التي تمكن أو تعيق تنفيذ التقنية/التقنيات المطبقة بموجب النهج

المعايير والقيم الاجتماعية /الثقافية/ الدينية
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Increased livelihood requirements and access to education, market and health services

  • معيق

Migration of youth and males to cities

توفر/الوصول إلى الموارد والخدمات المالية
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Providing funds/ subsidies has increased the access to financial resources (subsidy schemes of TSHDA, Loan facilities of tea factories)

  • معيق

Access of farmers to resources is limited by their financial situation as well as geographic location.

الإطار المؤسساتي
  • تمكين/تمكيني

An institutional set-up for facilitating the approach already exists and all technical support is providing by institutes

  • معيق

Mandate of some institutions are not clearly defined. Decision making is very often a top-down approach

التعاون/التنسيق بين الجهات الفاعلة
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Institutes have some level of collaboration

  • معيق

There is lack of motivation to initiate collaboration and the level of collaboration depends on the commitments of the officers. Institutional mechanisms do not encourage the collaborations

الإطار القانوني (حيازة الأراضي، وحقوق استخدام الأراضي والمياه)
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Some land users own their land

  • معيق

Some lands used by farmers are owned by the state and there are issues on land rights. Water availability is problematic to farmers as the crop is maintained as a rainfed crop. In the region, drinking water is supplied in ten days interval during dry-months

السياسات
  • تمكين/تمكيني

National soil conservation act

  • معيق

Implementation of policies to action is very low

حوكمة الأراضي (صنع القرار والتنفيذ والإنفاذ)
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Farmers participated in the decision-making process related to land management. Land is maintained based on the advice given under the approach. Most of the technologies introduced were not gender biased and therefore, involvement of women in management practices increased

  • معيق

Dependence on males is high for agronomic practices in tea-cultivation

المعرفة حول الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي، والوصول إلى الدعم الفني
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Farmers were guided through farmer training programs, practical sessions, farmer field schools, Zoom® meetings, sharing knowledge through WhatsApp® groups and Facebook.

  • معيق

Shortage of tea extension officers

الأسواق (لشراء المدخلات وبيع المنتجات) والأسعار
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Private companies come to fields to purchase products and they provide extension support and material inputs to some extent to the farmers who have established links with them

  • معيق

Market orientation of farmers is low and their ability to negotiate prices is poor due to various factors

عبء العمل، توفر القوى العاملة
  • تمكين/تمكيني

Labour resources are available. Introduction of machinery created shared responsibilities and reduced labour demand while creating an income source for the farmer organizations. Decent working environment with safety kits and machineries will encourage the labour force to remain in the sector

  • معيق

Labour force continuously moving away from the industry

3. المشاركة وأدوار الأطراف المعنية

3.1 أصحاب المصلحة المعنيون بالنهج وأدوارهم

  • مستخدمو الأراضي المحليون/المجتمعات المحلية

Men and women farmers are involved in tea cultivation

They involved in practicing SLM technologies as the technologies were not gender biased. But the operation of mechanical weeder and auger for infilling are mainly done by male farmers.

  • المنظمات المجتمعية

Farmer organizations

Support coordination of activities with farmers
Support Farmer Field Schools
Maintain common equipment and rent for members and non-members to support SLM practices

  • متخصصون في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي / مستشارون زراعيون

Tea Smallholding Development Authority, Department of Agrarian Development, Department of Export Agriculture, Department of Agriculture

Provide tea plants for infilling, promote inter-cropping and provide technical guidance to farmers
Serve as resource-persons in Farmer Field Schools and in WhatsApp® groups

  • الباحثون

University of Uva Wellassa, Sri Lanka

Study the effectiveness of knowledge dissemination approach and effectiveness of some SLM technologies

  • القطاع الخاص

Several private sector companies are involved (Bio Food (Pvt) Ltd, Adamjee Lukmanjee (Pvt) Ltd)

Buying products, providing planting materials and continuing extension services to transfer necessary knowledge and skills to the farmers who are linked with them

  • الحكومة المحلية

Local government institutes are involved in the process (Tea Smallholdings Development Authority (TSHDA), Department of Agrarian Development, Department of Agriculture, Department of Export Agriculture, Divisional Secretariat office- Doluwa

Capacity building, advisory services on fertilizer usage, land management, crop selection etc.

  • الحكومة الوطنية (المخططون، صانعو القرار)

Ministry of Environment

Helps to raise awareness among private and government sector stakeholders and within communities about SLM approaches and technologies,
Project coordination and partial financial support

  • منظمة دولية

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Project coordination, partial financial support and capacity building

إذا كان هناك العديد من الأطراف المعنية، قم بالإشارة إلى الوكالة الرائدة:

Tea Smallholdings Development Authority (TSHDA)

3.2 انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية في المراحل المختلفة للنهج
انخراط مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين/المجتمعات المحلية حدد من شارك وصف الأنشطة
المبادرة/التحفيز تفاعلي Government agencies, representatives from farmer organizations, RDALP team. Discussions to develop participatory land use plans for a region and identify the sectors to be developed
التخطيط تفاعلي Government agencies, representatives from farmer organizations, RDALP team Discussions, site visits and field programs to identify factors limiting land productivity and implementation of SLM practices Identify strategies to address these limitations Identify how the private sector can contribute and invite them to invest
التنفيذ تفاعلي Government agencies, leaders of farmer organizations, farmers, RDALP team, private sector companies Training and dissemination of knowledge through demonstrations, farmer training programs, farmer field schools Progress monitoring and evaluation Provide advisory services to farmers as needed Conduct performance-based rewarding to motivate the practitioners and to recruit followers
الرصد/التقييم تفاعلي TSHDA, RDALP team, farmers, private sector companies make observations in fields, guiding land users, exchange photos through whatsapp® Some private sector companies also involve in monitoring and field evaluating process (Adamjee Lukmanjee (Pvt) Ltd)

3.3 مخطط التدفق (إذا كان متاحًا)

الوصف:

Before implementing the approach the level of productivity of tea lands that belong to the farmers who participated in the project were in class ‘C’ and below. In this scale of productivity lands were classified from A to D where A is the best and D is the worst. After implementation of the approach most of the fields upgraded to ‘A’ and ‘B’ performance levels. An interview conducted with a farmer revealed that the average green-leaf tea yield before and after participating in the approach were 1000 kg/ha/month and 2400 kg/ha/month, respectively.

المؤلف:

Warshi S. Dandeniya

3.4 اتخاذ القرار بشأن اختيار تقنية/تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

حدد من الذي قرر اختيار التقنية/التقنيات التي سيتم تنفيذها:
  • جميع الجهات الفاعلة ذات الصلة، كجزء من نهج تشاركي
حدد على أي أساس تم اتخاذ القرارات:
  • تقييم المعرفة الموثقة جيدًا بشأن الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي(اتخاذ القرارات القائمة على الأدلة)
  • نتائج البحوث
  • خبرة وآراء شخصية(غير موثقة)

4. الدعم الفني وبناء القدرات وإدارة المعرفة

4.1 بناء القدرات/التدريب

هل تم تقديم التدريب لمستخدمي الأراضي / الأطراف المعنيين الآخرين؟:

نعم

حدد من تم تدريبه:
  • مستخدمو الأراضي
  • موظفون ميدانيون/ مستشارون
إذا كان ذلك على صلة، حدد الجنس والعمر والوضع والعرق وما إلى ذلك.

Training was provided for both men and women; age between 20-70 years old

شكل التدريب:
  • من مزارع إلى مزارع
  • مناطق العرض
  • اجتماعات عامة
  • دورات
شكل التدريب:
  • Zoom discussions, Farm Field Schools
المواضيع المغطاة:

Soil conservation practices, intercropping in tea lands, organic fertilizer preparation (compost tea, vermi- compost), burying of pruned plant parts, infilling, documentation, improving tea buds quality and quantity, handling of machines for cutting pits and tea plucking

التعليقات:

Farmer trainings are much important to spread easy agronomic practices and scientific knowledge to farmers

4.2 خدمة استشارية

هل يملك مستخدمو الأراضي وصولا إلى خدمة استشارية؟:

نعم

حدد ما إذا كانت الخدمة الاستشارية متوفرة:
  • في حقول مستخدمي الأراضي
وصف/تعليقات:

Demonstration, advisory service was carried out through: government extension system, agricultural instructors and some private sector companies such as Adamjee Lukmanjee (Pvt) Ltd company which is giving support to enhance vanilla cultivation as an intercrop

4.3 تعزيز المؤسسات (التطوير التنظيمي)

هل تم إنشاء أو تعزيز مؤسسات من خلال هذا النهج؟:
  • نعم، باعتدال
حدد المستوى (المستويات) التي تم فيها تعزيز أو إنشاء المؤسسات:
  • محلي
حدد نوع الدعم:
  • بناء القدرات/التدريب
  • معدات
  • providing safety kits and tea plants for infilling
اعط مزيدا من التفاصيل:

Organizing and conducting training programs, providing machineries for tea plucking and cutting pits, distribute safety kits among land users

4.4 الرصد والتقييم

هل يشكل الرصد والتقييم جزءا من النهج؟:

نعم

إذا كانت الإجابة بنعم، فهل من المقصود استخدام هذه الوثائق للمراقبة والتقييم؟:

كلا

4.5 البحوث

هل كانت البحوث جزءًا من النهج؟:

نعم

حدد المواضيع:
  • تكنولوجيا

5. التمويل والدعم المادي الخارجي

5.1 الميزانية السنوية لمكون الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي في النهج المذكور

إذا لم تكن الميزانية السنوية الدقيقة معروفة، قم بالإشارة إلى نطاقها:
  • 1,000000-100،000

5.2 الدعم المالي/المادي المقدم لمستخدمي الأراضي

هل حصل مستخدمو الأراضي على دعم مالي/ مادي لتنفيذ التقنية/ التقنيات؟:

نعم

إذا كانت الإجابة بنعم، حدد نوع (أنواع) الدعم والشروط والمزودين:

Provide machinery for cutting pits and plucking, safety kits and tea plants for infilling as material support, provide financial support for soil testing, to add liming material for correcting soil pH for those who performed soil testing
The material and financial support was provided by RDALP team with contributions from TSHDA and private sector based on performance evaluation

5.3 إعانات لمدخلات محددة (بما في ذلك العمالة)

  • معدات
حدد المدخلات التي تم دعمها إلى أي مدى حدد الإعانات
الآلات ممول بالكامل Tea plucking machines, grass cutting machines and machine for cutting pits in tea lands
أدوات ممول بالكامل Tea buds collecting buckets
  • زراعة
حدد المدخلات التي تم دعمها إلى أي مدى حدد الإعانات
Planting materials, liming materials ممول بالكامل Tea plants for infilling, liming materials to correct soil pH, soil testing service
  • غير ذلك
غير ذلك(حدد) إلى أي مدى حدد الإعانات
Safety kits ممول بالكامل
إذا كان العمل من قبل مستخدمي الأراضي مدخلاً جوهريًا، فهل كان:
  • تطوعي
التعليقات:

Most of the time family members are engaged with field activities and hire labour for tea plucking

5.4 الائتمان

هل تم توفير ائتمان في إطار نهج أنشطة الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:

كلا

5.5 حوافز أو وسائل أخرى

هل تم استخدام حوافز أو أدوات أخرى لتشجيع تنفيذ تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:

نعم

6. تحليل الأثر والتصريحات الختامية

6.1 آثار النهج

هل ساهم النهج في تمكين مستخدمي الأراضي المحليين وتحسين مشاركة الأطراف المعنية؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Application of organic fertilizers such as compost tea, vermi-compost enhance the market value and some farmers ventured into organic tea production

هل مكّن النهج من اتخاذ القرارات المبنية على الأدلة؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Participatory approach in all stages of the project and farmer field schools encouraged the farmers and officers for evidence-based decision making. This also helped to recruit followers for the approach.

هل ساعد النهج مستخدمي الأراضي على تنفيذ وصيانة تقنيات الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Approach helps to maintain better environment within the community as it introduced practices that improved safety and hygiene of the farmers while being more efficient. Farmers have been maintaining the SLM technologies

هل نجح النهج في تحسين التنسيق والتنفيذ الفعال من حيث التكلفة لأنشطة الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Approach used existing institutional set-up and farmer organizations to coordinate the activities. Therefore, it was cost effective and helped to strengthen the collaborations between stakeholders

هل نجح النهج في تعبئة/تحسين الوصول إلى الموارد المالية لتنفيذ الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Introducing private sector collaborations and improving market orientation of farmers helped to attract financial support to maintain sustainability of the approach

هل أدى النهج إلى تحسين معرفة وقدرات مستخدمي الأراضي على تنفيذ الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Approach improved the knowledge and capacity of practitioners. Although only about 25 farmers attended farmer field school the number of farmers who joined WhatsApp group is high as 70. Farmers are sharing knowledge and experiences and were able to improve land productivity through the approach

هل أدى النهج إلى تحسين معرفة وقدرات الأطراف المعنية الأخرى؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

The knowledge and capacities of other stakeholders were improved similarly. Several officers were trained on SLM practices and technologies, use of ICT for extension, etc

هل ساهم النهج في بناء/تعزيز المؤسسات والتعاون بين الأطراف المعنية؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Approach helps to strengthen the collaboration between institutes and stakeholders

هل ساهم النهج في التخفيف من حدة الصراعات؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Improving communication through the project supported the stakeholders to build healthy relationships.

هل ساهم النهج في تمكين الفئات المحرومة اجتماعيا واقتصاديا؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Approach helps to earn income in different ways. It is not limited for tea. They can earn money by selling the harvest from intercropping such as vanilla, pepper cultivation, managing nurseries, etc.

هل أدى النهج إلى تحسين المساواة بين الجنسين وتمكين النساء والفتيات؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Women engagement is high as the new agronomic measures help to reduce time spent on field practices

هل شجع النهج الشباب/الجيل القادم من مستخدمي الأراضي على الانخراط في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Usage of ICT knowledge, improving hygiene and safety of farmers, increased their willingness to invest on SLM and these characters could attract youth to the sector

هل أدى هذا النهج إلى تحسين الأمن الغذائي / تحسين التغذية؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Increased family improved food security of the practitioners. In addition, the approach promoted intercropping tea with export agricultural crops/ fruit crops and the use of edible crops in fencing. These also increased food supply. Since the mechanization and safety kits helped to reduce time spent on field work the farmers, especially women, were able to invest more time in their home garden and increase the provision of nutritious food to the household

هل أدى النهج إلى تحسين الوصول إلى الأسواق؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Linkages developed through government entities increased market access. Further some farmers ventured into organic tea production using SLM practices and training provided through the approach. This helped them to reach a niche market

هل أدى النهج إلى تحسين قدرة مستخدمي الأراضي على التكيف مع التغيرات المناخية/الظواهر المناخية المتطرفة والتخفيف من الكوارث المرتبطة بالمناخ؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Improving soil fertility status has improved the resilience of tea stand for drought. Therefore, the effect of climate change on the income was only slightly affected. Further the SLM techniques they practiced helped them to rely less on inorganic fertilizers and therefore, the farmers were less affected by the fertilizer shortage in the market that happened due to changes in government policies. Using ICT tools for communication helped the farmers to share knowledge and coordinate activities even under COVID19 pandemic situation. They have got used to distant learning methods with this and now able to seek support from experts without having to travel

هل أدى النهج إلى توفير فرص عمل ودخل؟:
  • لا
  • نعم، قليلا
  • نعم، باعتدال
  • نعم، إلى حد كبير

Farmer organizations were given some machinery for weeding and land preparation like activities. The members from the farmer organizations, who were trained to use the machinery, provided their service to the farmers for a payment from which a fraction is given to the farmer organization for maintaining the equipment. In addition, some farmers started nursery management as a business

6.2 المحفز الرئيسي لقيام مستخدمي الأراضي بتنفيذ الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

  • زيادة الإنتاج

Infilling and improving soil fertility increased canopy cover leading to increased productivity

  • زيادة الربح (القدرة)، وتحسين نسبة التكلفة إلى العائد

Product variability inside field supported diversity of income sources. Farmers who practiced organic farming methods were able to reach a niche market and get ore income

  • الحد من تدهور الأراضي

Due to well organized farmer training sessions or demonstrations in their fields SLM practices became more popular and farmers invested to maintain the practices they initiated

  • الحد من مخاطر الكوارث

Fields established well with SLM technologies were more resilient to drought and fertilizer shortage in the market

  • الوجاهة والضغط الاجتماعي/التماسك الاجتماعي

Improvement in health and hygiene of workers improved their image. Operating WhatsApp® groups also improved social cohesion

  • تعزيز المعرفة والمهارات في مجال الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي

Due to regular observations of agricultural officers

  • تحسينات جماليية

With live fences and good canopy cover of the tea stand the field looks healthy and farmers claimed they were motivated to continue the good practices because of these

6.3 استدامة أنشطة النهج

هل يمكن لمستخدمي الأراضي المحافظة على استدامة ما تم تنفيذه من خلال النهج (بدون دعم خارجي)؟:
  • نعم
إذا كانت الإجابة بنعم، صف كيف:

Approach has converted the most of non- productive lands to productive levels with the support of external bodies. Lands needs low external inputs as farmers produce required fertilizers by themselves in their own land by using natural organic materials. The crop diversification helps to reduce risk of crop losses and increase various income pathways to farmer. As well as approach helps access to markets. And there is a trend of farmers who succeed with approach to share their knowledge and experience with others. The ICT knowledge provided by the approach is much useful in that aspect. So, land users can sustain what has been implemented through the approach.

6.4 نقاط قوة/مزايا النهج

نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر مستخدمي الأراضي
Increased the production and product variability due to practicing intercropping
Reducing land degradation
Increased market opportunities
Improve the knowledge due to training programs and regular visits of agricultural officers
نقاط القوة/ المزايا/ الفرص من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات
Encouraging the participation of women in the field-based activities as a result of hygienic and time saving practices
ex; mechanization, introduction of safety kits
Increase in soil fertility and reduction of soil erosion (due to application of organic manure, vermi-compost and improve the ground cover due to minimum tillage)
Using ICT in knowledge dissemination. This increased social cohesion, resilience and fast dissemination of knowledge.
Facilitating inter-sectoral collaboration taking a participatory approach throughout the process

6.5 نقاط الضعف/ العيوب في المنهج وطرق التغلب عليها

نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر مستخدم الأراضي كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
Water scarcity Better to introduce rain water harvesting system and improved irrigation methods like drip-irrigation to increase water use efficiency
Males are need to use some heavy machinery Males are migrating to cities looking for jobs and therefore, the field activities are affected. Need to enhance income further to retain them
نقاط الضعف/ المساوىء/ المخاطر من وجهة نظر جامع المعلومات أو غيره من الاشخاص الرئيسيين لمصدر المعلومات كيف يمكن التغلب عليها؟
A systematic impact assessment with key performance indicators should be developed with the involvement of farmers at the initial stage. This was missing in the approach and it was done only towards the latter part of the project Farmers have not maintained records prior to inception of the project. It is important to develop key performance indicators at the very beginning to evaluate how the system performance change so that even farmers can witness the changes through time. Otherwise, they cannot recall the situation before implementing the approach

7. المراجع والروابط

7.1 طرق جمع/مصادر المعلومات

  • زيارات ميدانية، مسوحات ميدانية
  • مقابلات مع مستخدمي الأراضي
  • مقابلات مع المتخصصين/الخبراء في الإدارة المستدامة للأراضي
  • التجميع من التقارير والوثائق الأخرى الموجودة

7.2 المراجع للمنشورات المتاحة

العنوان، المؤلف، السنة، النظام القياسي الدولي لترقيم الكتب ISBN:

Improving livelihoods of women tea smallholders through sustainable land management practices, 2021

متاح من أين؟كم التكلفة؟:

Daily Financial Times newspaper

7.3 روابط للمعلومات ذات الصلة المتوفرة على الإنترنت

العنوان/الوصف:

Improving livelihoods of women tea smallholders through sustainable land management practices, 2021

عنوان الرابط URL:

https://srilanka.un.org/en/127297-improving-livelihoods-women-tea-smallholders-through-sustainable-land-management-practices

الروابط والوحدات المواضيعية

توسيع الكل طي الكل

الوحدات المواضيعية