1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Approach

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Approach (if relevant)

Sahelian Solutions Foundation (SASOL) - Kenya

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Yes

1.4 Reference(s) to Questionnaire(s) on SLM Technologies

2.1 Short description of the Approach

Community based water resource development

2.2 Detailed description of the Approach

Detailed description of the Approach:

Aims / objectives: Purpose is to harness the available water resource for common interests. Objective is to make water more accesible especially in the dry season.

Methods: Communities are mobilised through participation process. Local artisans are trained on the job wherease the community provide local materials and free labour voluntarily. Supporting NGOs facilitate the training and provide inputs eg cement, reinforcing bars, skilled labour. Community mobilisation is basic to SASOL's programme for water resource development. SASOL take advantage of existing structures and conforms to the government policy refferred to as District focus for Rural Development. Before communities can be mobilised, people, must be trained and SASOL has found that training can best be done at the local level. The role of the community is as follows: 1. To provide secondary data/information 2. Identify problems, resources and propose possible interventions or community action plan. 3. Election of a committee to take charge - custodial of all purchased materials. 4. Collection of local materials and provide labour. 5. Carry out impact assessment periodically

2.3 Photos of the Approach

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Approach has been applied

2.6 Dates of initiation and termination of the Approach

2.7 Type of Approach

• project/ programme based

2.8 Main aims/ objectives of the Approach

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (tree nursery establishment, health and hygiene concerns of the community. (Community Trainings))

to build sand dams in all streams in a 200km2 part of Central Division of Kitui District.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Lack of water especially in dry seasonPoor water hygiene and general public health.

2.9 Conditions enabling or hindering implementation of the Technology/ Technologies applied under the Approach

3.1 Stakeholders involved in the Approach and their roles

3.2 Involvement of local land users/ local communities in the different phases of the Approach

	Involvement of local land users/ local communities	Specify who was involved and describe activities
initiation/ motivation	interactive	Mainly:rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: workshops/seminars; PRA was carried out with the assistance of world neighbours
planning	interactive	Mainly: rapid/participatory rural appraisal; partly: public meetings; participatory planning exercise
implementation	interactive	responsibility for major steps; collection of local materials labour water etc
monitoring/ evaluation	interactive	measurements/observations; community observation and comments
Research	none	water hygiene analysis

3.4 Decision-making on the selection of SLM Technology/ Technologies

Specify who decided on the selection of the Technology/ Technologies to be implemented:

• mainly land users, supported by SLM specialists

Explain:

Consultative through participatory approaches.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users. consultative

4.1 Capacity building/ training

Was training provided to land users/ other stakeholders?

Yes

Specify who was trained:

• land users

• teachers, school children/students

Form of training:

• on-the-job
• public meetings
• courses

Subjects covered:

through PRA and on the job

4.2 Advisory service

Do land users have access to an advisory service?

Yes

Describe/ comments:

Name of method used for advisory service: Workshop trainning; Key elements: non residential workshops, Educational tours and visits; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents 2) Advisory service was carried out through: projects own extension structure and agents; Extension staff: specifically hired project employees 3) Target groups for extension: land users; Activities: SWC, Tree planting, water management

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; community resource persons trained to make it sustainable.

4.3 Institution strengthening (organizational development)

Have institutions been established or strengthened through the Approach?

• yes, moderately

Specify the level(s) at which institutions have been strengthened or established:

• local

• cooperative activity to solve water problem

4.4 Monitoring and evaluation

Is monitoring and evaluation part of the Approach?

Yes

Comments:

bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored

technical aspects were regular monitored

economic / production aspects were ad hoc monitored by 0 through observations; indicators: None

no. of land users involved aspects were regular monitored by 0 through measurements; indicators: None

management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored by 0 through observations; indicators: None

There were few changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: construction of dam in one single phase as opposed to several phase due to difficulties In comminity mobilisation for subsequent phases. Commencement of construction from wing walls instead of the main structure. This is psycologically attractive to land users as they remain motivated to realise completion of the dam across the river/stream bed.

5.1 Annual budget for the SLM component of the Approach

If precise annual budget is not known, indicate range:

• 100,000-1,000,000

Comments (e.g. main sources of funding/ major donors):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international (-): 50.0%; international non-government (-): 10.0%; local community / land user(s) (-): 40.0%

5.2 Financial/ material support provided to land users

Did land users receive financial/ material support for implementing the Technology/ Technologies?

Yes

If yes, specify type(s) of support, conditions, and provider(s):

Provision of purchased inputs like cement.

5.3 Subsidies for specific inputs (including labour)

• equipment

• construction

If labour by land users was a substantial input, was it:

• voluntary

Comments:

Provision of purchased inputs like cement.

5.4 Credit

Was credit provided under the Approach for SLM activities?

No

6.1 Impacts of the Approach

6.3 Sustainability of Approach activities

Can the land users sustain what has been implemented through the Approach (without external support)?

• uncertain

If no or uncertain, specify and comment:

Still need help for purchase of inputs especially cement and reinforced bars

6.4 Strengths/ advantages of the Approach

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the land user’s view
avail labour readily for demanding activities (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: engage groups in self help farm activities)
laggards are pulled along by innovators
communal identification of available resources and strngths

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
Participatory PRA creates awareness (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: through trainings)
empowers community (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: start income generating activities)
costs minimized through voluntary labour
self reliance strengthened
community empowered

6.5 Weaknesses/ disadvantages of the Approach and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the land user’s view	How can they be overcome?
materials are too expensive for them to afford	local fund raising initiatives

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view	How can they be overcome?
impact on river flow needs to be studied

7.1 Methods/ sources of information

7.2 References to available publications

Title, author, year, ISBN:

Thomas, D.B. 1999'where there is no water.' A story of community water development & dand dams in Kitui District, Kenya