Technologies

Ferias comunitarias campesinas como alternativa de comercialización para la mejora en la rentabilidad y mantenimiento de la actividad productiva tradicional [Argentina]

Creation: 05/08/2015 5:43 p.m.
Update: 02/14/2019 1:02 p.m.
Compiler: Andrea Carrera
Editor: –
Reviewers: Deborah Niggli, Alexandra Gavilano

technologies_1743 - Argentina

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Completeness: 71%

1. General information

2. Description of the SLM Technology

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

improve production

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Cropland

Annual cropping

Comments:

Problemas mayores: Las comunidades quebradeñas (andinas) quedaron inmersas en la sociedad mayor en una situación de inequidad y posición de inferioridad, esto ha llevado a que las mismas tomen al Estado como un ser benefactor. Entre las implicancias que ello tiene, están la actitud pasiva hacia situaciones interprediales, como lo es la administración y gestión del agua para riego. Esto tiene un impacto en la infraestructura, entre ellas, las de riego poco eficientes para el aprovechamiento del agua, con la consecuente y frecuente exposición de los productores a períodos de no disponibilidad de agua, a la pérdida de los cultivos, al abandono de algunas actividades productivas, al deterioro de las parcelas y pérdida de fertilidad de los suelos, merma en la disponibilidad de alimentos complementarios para los rebaños, sobrepastoreo de praderas comunitarias, baja capacidad para la generación de trabajo y alimentación y por último migración de los jóvenes a zonas marginales de los centros poblados en busca de alternativas.

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

full irrigation

Comments:

Water supply: sólo riego, de secano

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

management measures

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

soil erosion by wind

Et: loss of topsoil

chemical soil deterioration

Cn: fertility decline and reduced organic matter content (not caused by erosion)

biological degradation

Bc: reduction of vegetation cover
Bl: loss of soil life

Comments:

Principales causas de degradación: manejo de los cultivos (anuales, perennes, árboles/arbustos) (Cultivos en lugares inadecuados o suelos vulnerables.), sobrepastoreo (Número excesivo de cabezas de ganado.), Iluvias fuertes/muy fuertes (intensidad/cantidad), educación, acceso al conocimiento y servicios de apoyo, guerras y conflictos

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

reduce land degradation

Comments:

Main goals: mitigation / reduction of land degradation
Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation, rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

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Technical specifications (related to technical drawing):

Diagrama de prinicipales actividades durante el transcurso del proyecto.
Location: Ocumazo Quebrada de Humahuaca, Jujuy.
Date: Junio/20/2013.

Conocimientos técnicos necesarios para el personal: alto
Conocimientos técnicos necesarios para los usuarios de la tierra: alto
Principales funciones técnicas: mejoramiento de la cobertura del suelo, aumento de la materia orgánica, incremento de la disponibilidad de nutrientes (abastecimiento, reciclado,…), promoción de especies y variedades vegetales, arreglo espacial diversificación del uso de la tierra. Recuperación de las estrategias comunitarias tradicionales para la gestión y apovechamiento de los recursos naturales.

Author:

Mario Bonillo.

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

other/ national currency (specify):

Peso Argentino

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

5.6

4.3 Establishment activities

	Activity	Timing (season)
1.	Talleres de empoderamiento y desarrollo de organizaciones comunitarias para la gestión de recursos naturales.	6 meses
2.	Desarrollo de alternativas de comercialización en forma participativa.	12 meses

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

	Specify input	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Other	Talleres comunitarios	1.0	2000.0	2000.0	100.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology				2000.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology in USD				357.14

4.5 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

	Activity	Timing/ frequency
1.	Autogestión anual de la feria	Cosecha/época de cultivo

4.6 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

	Specify input	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input	% of costs borne by land users
Equipment	Mantenimiento sistemas riego	1.0	1500.0	1500.0	100.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology				1500.0
Total costs for maintenance of the Technology in USD				267.86

Comments:

Costos fueron calculados al año 2013.

4.7 Most important factors affecting the costs

Describe the most determinate factors affecting the costs:

Costos se asociaron a actividades para potenciar el empoderamiento y desarrollo de organizaciones comunitarias para la gestión de recursos ntaurales, y actividades comunitarias de mantenimiento de sistemas de riego. En total, los costos fueron de USD 2000 para talleres y se estima un costo de mantenimiento anual de USD 1500.

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall

< 250 mm
251-500 mm
501-750 mm
751-1,000 mm
1,001-1,500 mm
1,501-2,000 mm
2,001-3,000 mm
3,001-4,000 mm
> 4,000 mm

Agro-climatic zone

semi-arid

Mediterráneo: al menos un mes con temperatura media mensual inferior a 5° C y cuatro meses o más superiores a 10° C.

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:

flat (0-2%)
gentle (3-5%)
moderate (6-10%)
rolling (11-15%)
hilly (16-30%)
steep (31-60%)
very steep (>60%)

Landforms:

plateau/plains
ridges
mountain slopes
hill slopes
footslopes
valley floors

Altitudinal zone:

0-100 m a.s.l.
101-500 m a.s.l.
501-1,000 m a.s.l.
1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
> 4,000 m a.s.l.

Comments and further specifications on topography:

Forma del terreno: Meseta/llanura (31-40%), ladera de montaña (21-30%) y valle (21-30%)

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:

very shallow (0-20 cm)
shallow (21-50 cm)
moderately deep (51-80 cm)
deep (81-120 cm)
very deep (> 120 cm)

Soil texture (topsoil):

coarse/ light (sandy)

Topsoil organic matter:

low (<1%)

5.4 Water availability and quality

Ground water table:

> 50 m

Availability of surface water:

medium

Water quality (untreated):

for agricultural use only (irrigation)

Comments and further specifications on water quality and quantity:

Calidad del agua: Buena para riego o consumo animal.

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Market orientation of production system:

mixed (subsistence/ commercial)

Individuals or groups:

groups/ community

Indicate other relevant characteristics of the land users:

Agricultores familiares, descendientes de pueblos originarios, con superficie para agricultura no mayor de 0,5 ha y no más de 30 ovejas por familia. Las ovejas pastorean en predios comunitarios (sin título de propiedad, muchos de ellos terrenos fiscales) y en los rastrojos de cada familia luego de las cosechas. Las tenencias de las parcelas agrícolas son irregulares en muchos casos sólo acuerdos familiares son la resolución formal (juicios sucesorios inconclusos).

5.7 Average area of land used by land users applying the Technology

< 0.5 ha
0.5-1 ha
1-2 ha
2-5 ha
5-15 ha
15-50 ha
50-100 ha
100-500 ha
500-1,000 ha
1,000-10,000 ha
> 10,000 ha

Is this considered small-, medium- or large-scale (referring to local context)?

small-scale

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

state
individual, not titled

Land use rights:

open access (unorganized)

Water use rights:

open access (unorganized)

Comments:

Land ownership: state, individual, not titled, individual, titled

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

health:

poor
moderate
good

education:

poor
moderate
good

technical assistance:

poor
moderate
good

employment (e.g. off-farm):

poor
moderate
good

markets:

poor
moderate
good

energy:

poor
moderate
good

roads and transport:

poor
moderate
good

drinking water and sanitation:

poor
moderate
good

financial services:

poor
moderate
good

6. Impacts and concluding statements

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Comments/ specify:

Aumenta la diversidad de cultivos.

Producción de hortalizas, cultivos andinos, frutales y carne ovina.

Mejora la oportunidad para mujeres pastoras y jóvenes en la participación de producción, generación de ingresos, trabajo y seguridad con soberanía alimentaria.

Al estar los cultivos mejor regados, merma el estrés y la predisposición de plagas.

6.2 Off-site impacts the Technology has shown

downstream siltation

increased

decreased

Comments/ specify:

Uso sostenible de pasturas naturales.

wind transported sediments

increased

reduced

Comments/ specify:

Terrenos en producción o en barbechos controlados.

6.7 Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities of the Technology

Strengths/ advantages/ opportunities in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view
Recuperación de la capacidad de autogestión comunitario.

6.8 Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks of the Technology and ways of overcoming them

Weaknesses/ disadvantages/ risks in the compiler’s or other key resource person’s view	How can they be overcome?
Aborda limitaciones simbólicas estructurales, de mediana dificultad, ya que éstas no solo existen a nivel de las comunidades rurales, sino también, en la sociedad mayor y por lo tanto en los equipos que trabajan en desarrollo rural. Los equipos interdisciplinarios, y la presencia en ellos de antropólogos rurales y psicólogos sociales, permiten abordar dicha problemática.
Capacidad de respuesta del sistema, la sociedad mayor, el estado a la gestión de propuestas por parte de las comunidades y organizaciones campesinas.

7. References and links

Links and modules

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1. General information

1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Key resource person(s)

SLM specialist:

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

1.4 Declaration on sustainability of the described Technology

Is the Technology described here problematic with regard to land degradation, so that it cannot be declared a sustainable land management technology?

2. Description of the SLM Technology

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

2.3 Photos of the Technology

Media Gallery

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

Country:

Region/ State/ Province:

Specify the spread of the Technology:

If the Technology is evenly spread over an area, specify area covered (in km2):

If precise area is not known, indicate approximate area covered:

2.6 Date of implementation

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Cropland

Comments:

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

Comments:

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

management measures

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

soil erosion by wind

chemical soil deterioration

biological degradation

Comments:

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

Comments:

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Technical specifications (related to technical drawing):

Author:

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

other/ national currency (specify):

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

4.3 Establishment activities

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

4.5 Maintenance/ recurrent activities

4.6 Costs and inputs needed for maintenance/ recurrent activities (per year)

Comments:

4.7 Most important factors affecting the costs

Describe the most determinate factors affecting the costs:

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall

Agro-climatic zone

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:

Landforms:

Altitudinal zone:

Comments and further specifications on topography:

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:

Soil texture (topsoil):

Topsoil organic matter:

5.4 Water availability and quality

Ground water table:

Availability of surface water:

Water quality (untreated):

Comments and further specifications on water quality and quantity:

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Market orientation of production system:

Individuals or groups:

Indicate other relevant characteristics of the land users:

5.7 Average area of land used by land users applying the Technology

Is this considered small-, medium- or large-scale (referring to local context)?