Technologies

Vegetables in salt affected soil [Oman]

Creation: 06/07/2016 11:26 a.m.
Update: 06/12/2019 4:46 p.m.
Compiler: Badria Alhosni
Editor: –
Reviewers: David Streiff, Alexandra Gavilano

زراعة الخضروات في الترب المالحة

technologies_1316 - Oman

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Completeness: 67%

1. General information

1.2 Contact details of resource persons and institutions involved in the assessment and documentation of the Technology

Key resource person(s)

SLM specialist:

AL Abri Fatima

MOAF

Oman

SLM specialist:

Al-Wehaibi Hamdan

MOAF

Oman

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Test institution (TI) - Albania

Name of the institution(s) which facilitated the documentation/ evaluation of the Technology (if relevant)

Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) - Oman

1.3 Conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT

The compiler and key resource person(s) accept the conditions regarding the use of data documented through WOCAT:

Yes

2. Description of the SLM Technology

2.1 Short description of the Technology

Definition of the Technology:

Growing variety of vegetables in salt affected soils.

2.2 Detailed description of the Technology

Description:

The farm is 5 faddan in area. Vegetables such as eggplants, parsley, spinach and pumpkin are planted in part of the farm on a rotational basis. In the remaining small area other crops which includes rhodes, maize, banana, alfalfa and date palms are grown.
Livestock are part of the farm business from whch substational income is obtained by the household.

Purpose of the Technology: To earn income that suports the livelihood of the household.he income i generated from vegetables, fruits and livestock products.

Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: Vegetables are established in direct seeding and fruit trees are established in direct seedlings. Seedlings are bought from commercial nurseries.

Natural / human environment: The farm is located in a flat area along the oman sea coast. Most of the farmers in surounding area

2.3 Photos of the Technology

Media Gallery

2.5 Country/ region/ locations where the Technology has been applied and which are covered by this assessment

Country:

Oman

Region/ State/ Province:

Al Batinah

Further specification of location:

Al Massenah

Specify the spread of the Technology:

evenly spread over an area

If the Technology is evenly spread over an area, specify area covered (in km2):

0.021

If precise area is not known, indicate approximate area covered:

< 0.1 km2 (10 ha)

Comments:

Total area covered by the SLM Technology is 0.021 km2.

2.6 Date of implementation

If precise year is not known, indicate approximate date:

10-50 years ago

2.7 Introduction of the Technology

Specify how the Technology was introduced:

through land users' innovation

3. Classification of the SLM Technology

3.1 Main purpose(s) of the Technology

improve production

3.2 Current land use type(s) where the Technology is applied

Cropland

Annual cropping
Tree and shrub cropping

Annual cropping - Specify crops:

vegetables - leafy vegetables (salads, cabbage, spinach, other)
vegetables - other

Comments:

Constraints of settlement / urban

3.3 Has land use changed due to the implementation of the Technology?

Has land use changed due to the implementation of the Technology?

Yes (Please fill out the questions below with regard to the land use before implementation of the Technology)

Cropland

Annual cropping

3.4 Water supply

Water supply for the land on which the Technology is applied:

full irrigation

3.5 SLM group to which the Technology belongs

improved plant varieties/ animal breeds

3.6 SLM measures comprising the Technology

agronomic measures

A1: Vegetation/ soil cover

vegetative measures

V2: Grasses and perennial herbaceous plants

management measures

M1: Change of land use type

Comments:

Secondary measures: management measures

Type of agronomic measures: mixed cropping / intercropping, green manure, manure / compost / residues, rotations / fallows, minimum tillage, furrows (drainage, irrigation), pits

3.7 Main types of land degradation addressed by the Technology

other

Specify:

Secondary causes of degradation: crop management (annual, perennial, tree/shrub)

3.8 Prevention, reduction, or restoration of land degradation

Specify the goal of the Technology with regard to land degradation:

prevent land degradation

4. Technical specifications, implementation activities, inputs, and costs

4.1 Technical drawing of the Technology

Technical specifications (related to technical drawing):

Location: AlMusinah. AlBatina South

Date: 06/01/2016

Technical knowledge required for land users: low

Main technical functions: increase in organic matter

Secondary technical functions: improvement of ground cover, increase in nutrient availability (supply, recycling,…), increase of biomass (quantity)

Change of land use type

Change of land use practices / intensity level

Control / change of species composition

Author:

Eng.Fatima AlKharosi, Oman

4.2 General information regarding the calculation of inputs and costs

other/ national currency (specify):

Omani Rial

If relevant, indicate exchange rate from USD to local currency (e.g. 1 USD = 79.9 Brazilian Real): 1 USD =:

0.39

4.3 Establishment activities

	Activity	Timing (season)
1.	labour

4.4 Costs and inputs needed for establishment

	Specify input	Unit	Quantity	Costs per Unit	Total costs per input
Labour	Labour	unit	2.0	60.0	120.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology					120.0
Total costs for establishment of the Technology in USD					307.69

5. Natural and human environment

5.1 Climate

Annual rainfall

< 250 mm
251-500 mm
501-750 mm
751-1,000 mm
1,001-1,500 mm
1,501-2,000 mm
2,001-3,000 mm
3,001-4,000 mm
> 4,000 mm

Agro-climatic zone

arid

Thermal climate class: tropics

5.2 Topography

Slopes on average:

flat (0-2%)
gentle (3-5%)
moderate (6-10%)
rolling (11-15%)
hilly (16-30%)
steep (31-60%)
very steep (>60%)

Landforms:

plateau/plains
ridges
mountain slopes
hill slopes
footslopes
valley floors

Altitudinal zone:

0-100 m a.s.l.
101-500 m a.s.l.
501-1,000 m a.s.l.
1,001-1,500 m a.s.l.
1,501-2,000 m a.s.l.
2,001-2,500 m a.s.l.
2,501-3,000 m a.s.l.
3,001-4,000 m a.s.l.
> 4,000 m a.s.l.

5.3 Soils

Soil depth on average:

very shallow (0-20 cm)
shallow (21-50 cm)
moderately deep (51-80 cm)
deep (81-120 cm)
very deep (> 120 cm)

Soil texture (topsoil):

coarse/ light (sandy)

Topsoil organic matter:

low (<1%)

If available, attach full soil description or specify the available information, e.g. soil type, soil PH/ acidity, Cation Exchange Capacity, nitrogen, salinity etc.

Soil fertility is medium

Soil drainage / infiltration is good

Soil water storage capacity is low

5.4 Water availability and quality

Ground water table:

> 50 m

Availability of surface water:

poor/ none

Water quality (untreated):

for agricultural use only (irrigation)

5.5 Biodiversity

Species diversity:

5.6 Characteristics of land users applying the Technology

Market orientation of production system:

mixed (subsistence/ commercial)

Off-farm income:

less than 10% of all income

Relative level of wealth:

average

Individuals or groups:

groups/ community

Level of mechanization:

manual work
mechanized/ motorized

Gender:

Indicate other relevant characteristics of the land users:

Land users applying the Technology are mainly Leaders / privileged

Population density: < 10 persons/km2

5.7 Average area of land used by land users applying the Technology

< 0.5 ha
0.5-1 ha
1-2 ha
2-5 ha
5-15 ha
15-50 ha
50-100 ha
100-500 ha
500-1,000 ha
1,000-10,000 ha
> 10,000 ha

Is this considered small-, medium- or large-scale (referring to local context)?

small-scale

5.8 Land ownership, land use rights, and water use rights

Land ownership:

individual, titled

5.9 Access to services and infrastructure

health:

poor
moderate
good

education:

poor
moderate
good

technical assistance:

poor
moderate
good

markets:

poor
moderate
good

roads and transport:

poor
moderate
good

6. Impacts and concluding statements

6.1 On-site impacts the Technology has shown

Socio-economic impacts

Production

crop production

decreased

increased

fodder production

decreased

increased

fodder quality

decreased

increased

animal production

decreased

increased

risk of production failure

increased

decreased

production area

decreased

increased

Income and costs

farm income

decreased

increased

Socio-cultural impacts

livelihood and human well-being

reduced

improved

Ecological impacts

Soil

soil moisture

decreased

increased

soil cover

reduced

improved

nutrient cycling/ recharge

decreased

increased

soil organic matter/ below ground C

decreased

increased

Biodiversity: vegetation, animals

biomass/ above ground C

decreased

increased

6.3 Exposure and sensitivity of the Technology to gradual climate change and climate-related extremes/ disasters (as perceived by land users)

Gradual climate change

	Season	increase or decrease	How does the Technology cope with it?
annual temperature		increase	not well

Climate-related extremes (disasters)

Climatological disasters

	How does the Technology cope with it?
drought	not well

6.4 Cost-benefit analysis

How do the benefits compare with the establishment costs (from land users’ perspective)?

Short-term returns:

slightly positive

Long-term returns:

slightly positive