Breve descripción de la práctica óptima

SPWD has done a broad ecological characterization of the Jaisamand catchment area and identified the major ecological issues associated with each major livelihood system in the area. This along with the use of the Participatory resource mapping tool, formed the basis of optimisation of resources. |

Lugar

Jaisamand Catchment Area in Udaipur District of Rajasthan

Si el lugar tiene límites bien definidos, especifique su extensión en hectáreas:

185787.0

Población estimada que vive en el lugar:

1183369.0

Breve descripción del entorno natural en el lugar especificado

The typical soil in this area is chemically matured but texturally immature. The soil type varies from red loamy to sandy, gravelly to medium black soils. The soil moisture control section remains dry in some or all parts for 90 or more cumulative days per year. |
The climate is generally dry except in the south-west monsoon season. The cold season is from December to February, followed by the hot season from March to the middle of June. The south-west monsoon season starts from June end and continues up to middle of September. |
The steeply dipping phyllites and their quartzite bands stand out as structural hills and residual hills. Low relief surrounded by gently sloping erosional bed rock phyllites mainly with vener of detritus also occur as pedimentinselberg complex in between the hilly terrain.

Condiciones socioeconómicas imperantes de los habitantes del lugar o las proximidades

According to Livelihood pattern the community in the area can be classified as farmers, agriculture labour. Animal husbandry is a secondary occupation for most of the people in the area. This reveals the significance of animal husbandry in the livelihood. |
Most of the families in the block have small land holdings that too are sloping land facing problem of severe erosion and low moisture retention. The Wastelands Characterization study by SPWD reveals that around 50 % of the private lands are in the category of pastures.
About Fifty percent of households in the area are classified as living below poverty line, including two-thirds of Tribal households. Land ownership is inadequate in size and not viable for production. Only 20% of land is cultivated and equal amount of land constitute private pastures. |

¿En base de qué criterios o indicadores (no relacionados con la Estrategia) se ha considerado la práctica propuesta y la tecnología correspondiente como ‘óptima’?

Consensus evolved during the National Consultation process.

Principales problemas que trata la práctica óptima

Depletion of Land Resources and Increase In Wastelands |Decline in forested areas and vegetative cover|Higher incidence of drought |Decline in Water-table

Explique los problemas específicos de la degradación de las tierras que trata la práctica óptima.

The 'forest based life-support system' dominates the life style in the hill areas, degradation of these resources adversely affect livelihoods of local communities. With the increase in biotic interference and alarming deforestation, the area under wastelands has increased significantly in the hills|

Especifique los objetivos de la práctica óptima.

To map the current status of land, water and forest resources |To assess degradation status of resources|To identify opportunities for sustainable livelihoods  |To prepare a plan for sustainable management of local resources

Breve descripción de las principales actividades, por objetivo

Mapping of land resources (common and private lands) |Mapping of water resources (surface and ground water) |Mapping of biotic resources (flora and fauna)
Estimating caring capacities of village resources|Characterizing potentials of local resources|Scoping exercises for optimal uses of resources
Spatial analysis of resource status|Temporal analysis of resource status |Analysis of ownership of resources|Analysis of uses/access patterns for resources
Identification of appropriate interventions for restoration and development of village resources |Prioritizing identified actions for development of resources |Compilation of plan and bringing synergy in various programmes

Nombre y dirección de la institución que desarrolla la tecnología

Society for Promotion of Wastelands Development (SPWD)|26 -27, Mahavir Colony,
Bedla Road, Badgaon
Udaipur - 301 011, Rajasthan, INDIA

¿La tecnología se desarrolló en una alianza?

Sí

enumere los asociados:

Prayatna Samiti, Bambora (Udaipur)|Hanuman Van Vikas Samiti, Sakroda (Udaipur)|Jagran Jan Vikas Samiti, Vali (Udaipur)

Especifique el marco en el que se promovió la tecnología

• Iniciativa nacional – no gubernamental

¿La participación de interesados locales, incluidas las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, favoreció el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

enumere los interesados participantes:

Community Members|Panchayati Raj Functionaries|Government Departments|Scientific Institutions

Detalle la función de los interesados enumerados anteriormente en cuanto a diseño, introducción, uso y mantenimiento de la tecnología, en su caso.

The local community members have crucial role in the initiative. They will lead all efforts at local level. Community members also have role in planning, implementation and management of the plans evolved. The local panchayat being implementing agency of various developmental programme will execute the plans prepared and also govern the whole initiative. Various government department will pool in their expertise and resources for the initiative. Inputs from technical institutions are utilized for the initiative. Establishment of resource centre is important to perform functions of design and delivery of the  services directly or through facilitation linkages with existing government programmes in general and NREGP in particular. Primary objective is to enable community members and PRI functionaries for aggregation of support inputs and their delivery for sustainable livelihood promotion. It will include background information on NREGP, Stakeholder mapping for NREGP, at village, GP & Block level, status of NREGP implementation in the panchayats and block.|

¿La población que habitaba en el lugar o en las proximidades participó en el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

¿de qué manera?

• Planteamientos basados en la participación

Especifique:

The local community members are integral part of the initiative, they were involved at all levels i.e. mapping, scoping, analysis, interpretation, planning and presentations.

Describa los impactos in situ (los dos principales impactos por categoría).

Sustainable use and management of local resources ensured with community participation
The degraded areas reclaimed under developmental programmes  
Restoration of the ecologically fragile areas under developmental schemes
The marginal groups got opportunities to improve their livelihoods by creation of durable assets
Production from common and private lands improved due to eco restoration measures
Participation of marginal groups ensured at all levels

Describa los dos principales impactos fuera del lugar (por ejemplo, que no se registran en el lugar, pero sí en las zonas próximas).

Promoted use of technologies and modern knowledge among local communities and brought synergy in modern sciences and indigenous knowledge through technical backstopping at grass root level
Bridged the gap between local communities and government functionaries by articulating the common aims and objectives of both the stakeholders

Impacto en la diversidad biológica y el cambio climático

Justifíquelo:

The perspective plans and annual plans prepared at village level for development of village resources have important component of enhancing vegetative cover and bio mass in the village to sustain livelihoods of communities and eco-restoration. The increased vegetative cover will contribute in carbon sequestration and will also reduce the emissions. Hence the initiative will positively contribute to climate change mitigation measures.
The resource assessment exercises conducted with local communities has helped them in understanding the current conditions of the local resources and they become aware about potentials of village resources and their developmental needs. Based on these assessments and planning exercises communities are able to prepare appropriate adaptation plan for extreme conditions.

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio?

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio? :

Sí

Especifique:

The river basin level assessments cost around Rs. 6/- per hectare, which is nominal in terms of investment done under several developmental schemes. The village level assessment, perspective building and planning exercises cost around Rs. 35/- per hectare. This amount in reasonable as the developmental investment on 1 hactare of land in watershed framework cost between Rs. 10,000/- to 20,000/-. |

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares?

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares? :

Sí

¿Dónde? :

Alwar|Karauli|Bhilwara|Barmer|Udaipur

¿Se dispuso de incentivos para facilitar la aceptación de la tecnología proporcionada?

¿Se dispuso de incentivos para facilitar la aceptación de la tecnología proporcionada?

Sí

Especifique qué tipo de incentivos:

• Incentivos financieros (por ejemplo, tasas preferenciales, ayudas estatales, subvenciones, donaciones, garantías de préstamo, etc.)

¿Puede identificar las tres principales condiciones para el éxito de la práctica óptima/tecnología presentada?

Organisation of local communities and their participation in assessment, visioning, planning, implementation and management of interventions is crucial. |
The opportunities available under National Rural Employment Guarantee Act proved very important to implement the plan
2. Role of local governance institutions (PRIs) is very important to realize the plans and implement properly.
Role of local governance institutions (PRIs) is very important to realize the plans and implement properly.

Replicabilidad

¿En su opinión, la práctica óptima/la tecnología que ha propuesto se puede reproducir en cualquier otro lugar con un cierto nivel de adaptación?

Sí

¿A qué nivel?

• Local
• Subnacional

En relación con los recursos humanos

Communities may organise for common concerns if they realize significance / relevance of the same. |Community members can use the modern technologies (GIS & Remote Sensing) available once they get exposure and acquainted|The local communities require facilitation for understanding current situations, opportunities and plan accordingly

En relación con los aspectos financieros

Use of modern sciences can reduce planning cost significantly
|A separate provision should be made for planning under any developmental programme|Planning with technical backstopping can help in prioritizing interventions based of social, financial and ecological considerations

En relación con los aspectos técnicos

Use of GIS & Remote Sensing can help us in understanding spatial and temporal patterns of degradation / restoration of resources|Impact assessment of developmental interventions can be done more accurately with the help of GIS & RS and computer technologies