Breve descripción de la práctica óptima

Knowledge building and providing assistance for building, usage and maintenance of waterless toilets with separation of usine and feces, and exclusion of any contact of the human and animal waste with ground or surface water bodies. The safely treated biological waste is safely reused in small scale family agriculture in their own yards.|

Lugar

Stara Zagora municipality, Bulgaria|

Población estimada que vive en el lugar:

24000.0

Breve descripción del entorno natural en el lugar especificado

Heavy soil originated on Quaternear bogs in the lowest part of the terrain
620 mm av annual rainfall, 12.3*C av annual temperature; 24*C av temperature of the hottest month|
Flat, 150 m above dea level|

Condiciones socioeconómicas imperantes de los habitantes del lugar o las proximidades

Aged retired Bulgarian families; jobless Roma families
Retirement paymen'; social support payment
Households own the land under their houses and the yards.

¿En base de qué criterios o indicadores (no relacionados con la Estrategia) se ha considerado la práctica propuesta y la tecnología correspondiente como ‘óptima’?

This technology prevents pollution of ground and surface water from human and animal biological waste; it saves significant amount of water with drinking water quality from being wasted by flushing this water into the toilets.

Principales problemas que trata la práctica óptima

Pollution of ground and surface water; water borne diseases; decreased annual rainfall; increased annual temperature; unwise use of scarce water resources.

Explique los problemas específicos de la degradación de las tierras que trata la práctica óptima.

Safely treated biological waste (by composting, vermicomposting or appropriate storage) is used to improve soil fertility and strive erosion of degradated crop lands due to overusage.|

Especifique los objetivos de la práctica óptima.

Prevention of waste of water of highest quality by flushing it in the toilets; prevention of water pollution by biological waste; prevention of water-borne diseases; creation of better livelihoods consuming less water resources.

Breve descripción de las principales actividades, por objetivo

Scarcity of water is fundamental reason for water-borne diseases; it is also a reason for worse hygienic practices. By saving water of high quality from wasting and preventing water pollution, we improve health conditions to people.|
Storage of biological waste in way that it never gets in contact with ground or surface water bodies; safe treatment and safe application in agriculture.
Promotion of waterless ecosan toilets with separate collection of urine and feces; separate treatment and re-use in agriculture.
Training of population, youth, experts for construction and maintenance of the constructed toilets, filters and wetlands is crucial for the sustainability of the projects.|

Breve descripción y especificaciones técnicas de la tecnología

Waterless toilets are toilets that does not use water for flushing, but use absorbent (saw dust, ash, etc.) to cover the fresh feces. Urine and feces are stored and treated separately to the level of sterilization. Then used in agriculture as natural fertilizer (urine) and soil conditioner (composted feces). The final step is to apply these treated products in crop land.|
The technology is based on separation and separate treatment and reuse of urine and feces; waterless urinals; reuse for agriculture; composting.

Nombre y dirección de la institución que desarrolla la tecnología

Earth Forever Foundation|77a, Kiril i Metody, apt. 27; Stara Zagora
6000 Bulgaria|Tehnical university|Hamburg, Germany

¿La tecnología se desarrolló en una alianza?

Sí

enumere los asociados:

Technical University Hamburg

Especifique el marco en el que se promovió la tecnología

• Iniciativa internacional
• Iniciativa basada en un programa/proyecto

Especifique:

No other

¿La participación de interesados locales, incluidas las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, favoreció el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

enumere los interesados participantes:

NGOs, local authorities, women, youth, university students, media.|

Detalle la función de los interesados enumerados anteriormente en cuanto a diseño, introducción, uso y mantenimiento de la tecnología, en su caso.

Hamburg technical university trained earth in the design and maintenance of the technology.

¿La población que habitaba en el lugar o en las proximidades participó en el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

¿de qué manera?

• Planteamientos basados en la participación

Especifique:

No other

Describa los impactos in situ (los dos principales impactos por categoría).

Prevention of water borne diseases.
Decreases the dependency from the market for food and from monololists for providing sewarage services and wastewater treatment.
Changed attitude to resource consumption and environmental protection.
Prevention of pollution of water resources; prevention of waste of water with high quality.
Prevention of waste of water resources.
Improved hygiene conditions and health, as well as confort of living of the population.|
Increased agricultural production
Increased soil fertility and productivity of people property.

Describa los dos principales impactos fuera del lugar (por ejemplo, que no se registran en el lugar, pero sí en las zonas próximas).

Less consumption of water offers better potential for the downstream users to meet their needs.
Prevention of pollution of water resources offers better potential for the downstream users to have access to water of higher quality and prevents water-borne diseases.

Impacto en la diversidad biológica y el cambio climático

Justifíquelo:

Prevention of biological pollution of water resources and decreased water consumption for household needs is very beneficial for biodiversity in and around water bosies; it prevents pollution with phosphorous and nitrification of natural waters.
Wastewater treatment facilities in their conventional technologies are a large source of pollution with greenhouse gasses; the proposed technology eliminates greenhouse production in the process of storage, treatment and use of metabolitic human and animal wastes.|
In the area we apply the technology all climate change models emphasis on increased water scarcity: the techlogy we promote does not use water; it saves water of highest drinking quality; it prevents pollution of natural water bodies.

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio?

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio? :

Sí

Especifique:

The promoted technology is safer and less expensive in all its stages: construction, operation, treatment. It also has additional benefits to water rresources as a whole; biodiversity; increased soil fertility. The technology is affordable also for poorest communities and poorest households.|

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares?

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares? :

Sí

¿Dónde? :

Stara Zagora Municipality|Chirpan Municipality

¿Se dispuso de incentivos para facilitar la aceptación de la tecnología proporcionada?

¿Se dispuso de incentivos para facilitar la aceptación de la tecnología proporcionada?

Sí

¿Puede identificar las tres principales condiciones para el éxito de la práctica óptima/tecnología presentada?

The technology guarantees healthy style of living in conditions of reduced availability of water resources and increased desertification.
Highly motivated local governments (b). This technology gives the chance to the smallest and poorest communities to improve dramatically their livelihoods without dependency on higher political levels and national budgets.
The technology meets the demand of increased hygienic conditions. The proposed sustainable sanitation is affordable for the poorest and most remote communities as well.

Replicabilidad

¿En su opinión, la práctica óptima/la tecnología que ha propuesto se puede reproducir en cualquier otro lugar con un cierto nivel de adaptación?

Sí

¿A qué nivel?

• Local
• Subnacional
• Nacional
• Subregional
• Regional
• Internacional

En relación con los recursos humanos

There is no experts trained in sustainable sanitation to open chance for scaling-up; the engineers are not trained in sustainable sanitation technologies.

En relación con los aspectos financieros

There are no targeted financial mechanisms in the country to encourage application of alternative sustainable sanitation technologies.

En relación con los aspectos técnicos

Sustainable sanitation does not follow the pattern one size fits all; there is broad variety of technologies that will best fit any specific demand or environment.