Breve descripción de la práctica óptima

Use plastic film mulching and under-film drip irrigation to the plantation of dates, apricot and other cash crop species to overcome sandlot water leakage and for the purpose of water conservation, increase forestation survival rate, prevention of wind harm, sand fixation in areas near Taklimakan Desert. Application of Mulched Drip Irrigation can increase forest survival rate.|

Lugar

Regiment 224, Moyu County, Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang, China|

Breve descripción del entorno natural en el lugar especificado

Valley floors
Soil texture is coarse sandy and soil erodibility is very high.
Arid

Condiciones socioeconómicas imperantes de los habitantes del lugar o las proximidades

Farming.
Local income level is very low. Per Capita Annual Net Income is CNY 2754 in Rural areas of Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang in 2010.|
State ownership and individual use rights.

¿En base de qué criterios o indicadores (no relacionados con la Estrategia) se ha considerado la práctica propuesta y la tecnología correspondiente como ‘óptima’?

While development of high efficiency horticulture and plantation of economic forest, this technology will produce significant benefits.|

Principales problemas que trata la práctica óptima

1. Fix drift sand.
2. Improve water utilization efficiency.
3. Reduce wind speed.
4. Solved the bottleneck problem of agriculture development in arid areas.

Explique los problemas específicos de la degradación de las tierras que trata la práctica óptima.

The drifting sand and wind erosion was addressed.

Especifique los objetivos de la práctica óptima.

1. Increase forest survival rate.
2. Save water resource.
3. Improve labor productivity and increase income.

Breve descripción de las principales actividades, por objetivo

1. Constructed water conservancy facilities.
2. The inbedded tubing was designed.
3. Gravity drip irrigation was adopted.
1. Site preparation.
2. Install the drip irrigation equipment and establish the mulch.
3. Grasses were planted under the forest and intercropping is maximized to add vegetation coverage for wind prevention, desert fixation, control of soil erosion, soil fertility improvement and fodder production.
No answer provided.
1. Strengthen orchard tree pruning, water and fertilizer management. Maintain irrigation system regularly.
2. Make full use of outstanding light and thermal resources at the project site to select good suitable horticulture species.
3. Ancillary technical measures were adopted including date dwarfing dense plantation technique, pollution-free cultivation technology, etc. to increase production.|

Breve descripción y especificaciones técnicas de la tecnología

In the outskirt of ecological demonstrative district, shelterbelt forest is lined up against the prevailing wind direction (westward and northward) at the width of 116m and in parallel with the prevailing wind at the width of 50m. Inside the shelterbelts, “narrow belt and small grid’ strip croplands are configured with standard strip land shelter forest established. The orchard grid may be configured per 250m×125m pattern and the main shelterbelt is arranged in 15-20 m width in 7-10 rows perpendicular to the prevailing wind. The belts in parallel to the prevailing wind are configured in 10-15m width in 5-8 rows. Drip irrigation for orchard trees is set in 0.5m drip hole spacing, with the 16mm inner diameter drip tubes, and a nozzle rated flow at 2.8L/h (10m pumping head as rated pressure), and working head ranges from 8 to 20m. The rated irrigation for young fruit trees is 4.73 cubic meters/ mu and irrigation cycle is 3 days. During full fruiting season the rate is adjusted to 18.31 cubic meters/ mu and the cycle is 3.5 days.|
In the outskirt of ecological demonstrative district, shelterbelt forest is lined up against the prevailing wind direction (westward and northward) at the width of 116m and in parallel with the prevailing wind at the width of 50m. Inside the shelterbelts, “narrow belt and small grid’ strip croplands are configured with standard strip land shelter forest established. The orchard grid may be configured per 250m×125m pattern and the main shelterbelt is arranged in 15-20 m width in 7-10 rows perpendicular to the prevailing wind. The belts in parallel to the prevailing wind are configured in 10-15m width in 5-8 rows. Drip irrigation for orchard trees is set in 0.5m drip hole spacing, with the 16mm inner diameter drip tubes, and a nozzle rated flow at 2.8L/h (10m pumping head as rated pressure), and working head ranges from 8 to 20m. The rated irrigation for young fruit trees is 4.73 cubic meters/ mu and irrigation cycle is 3 days. During full fruiting season the rate is adjusted to 18.31 cubic meters/ mu and the cycle is 3.5 days.|

Nombre y dirección de la institución que desarrolla la tecnología

Forestry and Horticulture Institute, Xinjiang Agriculture Reclamation Academy|No answer provided.

¿La tecnología se desarrolló en una alianza?

Sí

enumere los asociados:

Research institute and Forestry administration

Especifique el marco en el que se promovió la tecnología

• Iniciativa local
• Iniciativa basada en un programa/proyecto

¿La participación de interesados locales, incluidas las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, favoreció el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

enumere los interesados participantes:

Project Householders.
Project Householders.

Detalle la función de los interesados enumerados anteriormente en cuanto a diseño, introducción, uso y mantenimiento de la tecnología, en su caso.

Project householders were trained in cultivation technology, water and fertilizer management measures etc.|

¿La población que habitaba en el lugar o en las proximidades participó en el desarrollo de la tecnología?

No

Describa los impactos in situ (los dos principales impactos por categoría).

Improve labor productivity.
100,000 mu Gobi desert transformed into high quality orchard and ecological plants were recovered.|
Solved the bottleneck problem of local agriculture development.
Save water use by 40%.
No answer provided.
Fixed drift sand, reduced wind speed and improved living environment.|
No answer provided.
Promote local people’s water saving awareness.

Describa los dos principales impactos fuera del lugar (por ejemplo, que no se registran en el lugar, pero sí en las zonas próximas).

Disastrous weather days reduced.
No answer provided.

Impacto en la diversidad biológica y el cambio climático

Justifíquelo:

Activities and measures taken in the best practices/technology, fixed drift sand, reduced wind speed and improved living environment, so the best practice had a positive impact on climate change. |

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio?

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio? :

Sí

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares?

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares? :

Sí

¿Dónde? :

Some sand areas in Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang
Some sand areas in Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang

¿Puede identificar las tres principales condiciones para el éxito de la práctica óptima/tecnología presentada?

With the corps military administration system in Xinjiang, the water saving technology is heartedly accepted by the local residents.|
The local government has formulated relevant policies, such as subsidy, tax reduction, to encourage saving water resource.|
The technology adapted to local natural and socio-economic development requirements.

Replicabilidad

¿En su opinión, la práctica óptima/la tecnología que ha propuesto se puede reproducir en cualquier otro lugar con un cierto nivel de adaptación?

Sí

¿A qué nivel?

• Local
• Subnacional

En relación con los recursos humanos

Lack of technical staff because of locating at remote place with unfavorable natural environment.|Participating farmers are limited.

En relación con los aspectos técnicos

Farmers lack the ability of the application and promotion of the technology.