Breve descripción de la práctica óptima

In the 1950s the mountainous area of Calabria was characterized by subsistence farming. This activity use land often in slope that was affected by erosion and hydrogeological problems. Soil degradation was mitigated with wide reforestation with Pinus nigra subsp. laricio Poiret. It's been used Pinus nigra subsp. laricio Poiret  for its rusticity. It grows easily in soils of different nature and origin, often superficial and infertile. It is considered autochthonous in Calabria, too.

Lugar

River basin Arente, Cosenza, Calabria|

Si el lugar tiene límites bien definidos, especifique su extensión en hectáreas:

153000.0

Población estimada que vive en el lugar:

70000.0

Breve descripción del entorno natural en el lugar especificado

The areas of intervention were very large surfaces characterized by soils, derived from different geological formations (Granites, shale, sandstone rocks, conglomerates, carbonate rocks), on very steep slopes and heavily eroded following the destruction of the forest.
Mountain  area

Condiciones socioeconómicas imperantes de los habitantes del lugar o las proximidades

Land tenure is both public and private
Calabria region GDP per capita 15000 €

¿En base de qué criterios o indicadores (no relacionados con la Estrategia) se ha considerado la práctica propuesta y la tecnología correspondiente como ‘óptima’?

The practice was considered as 'best' on the basis of the analysis of the efficacy, efficiency, effectiveness of the practice.
The indicators of effecacy of the implementation of the pinewoods are: the reduction of water erosion of the soil, increase the thickness of the soil and content of organic matter (C-sink), the creation or preservation of habitats favourable to the development of spontaneous plants and animals, the availability of forest products (biomass in particular) and secondary forest products such as mushrooms, etc.
An indicator of efficiency of afforestation are the use of abundant financing received through various special laws for Calabria.
Interventions in the 1950s in the basin of Arente were realized in a perspective of long-term development and today, more than fifty years, you collect the fruits in environmental terms (soil conservation, landscape, absorption of CO2).

Principales problemas que trata la práctica óptima

Water erosion of the soil|Hydrogeological risk|

Explique los problemas específicos de la degradación de las tierras que trata la práctica óptima.

Conservation of biodiversity.
Prevention of forest fire.

Especifique los objetivos de la práctica óptima.

Reforestation of degraded land.

Breve descripción y especificaciones técnicas de la tecnología

Reforestation of degraded land.

¿La tecnología se desarrolló en una alianza?

No

Especifique el marco en el que se promovió la tecnología

• Iniciativa local

¿La participación de interesados locales, incluidas las organizaciones de la sociedad civil, favoreció el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

enumere los interesados participantes:

University researchers|forestry workers and State Foresters|Institutions|Entrepreneurs

Detalle la función de los interesados enumerados anteriormente en cuanto a diseño, introducción, uso y mantenimiento de la tecnología, en su caso.

University researchers have conducted scientific research on the effecacy of afforestation in order to soil conservation and protection.
Forestry workers have realized the reforestation.
State Foresters have played the role of design and work supervision  in the field of forestry.
Institutions: at the beginning the municipalities merely give in granting a portion of its territory to forestry holding to get in return that a proportion of the population was hired as a forestry worker. Following municipalities have begun to require the return of land to manage independently the stands now ripe.
Entrepreneurs: the owners and operators of biomass power plants use lumber obtained from reforestation carried out more than fifty years ago.

¿La población que habitaba en el lugar o en las proximidades participó en el desarrollo de la tecnología?

Sí

Especifique:

Environmental organisations have played awareness activities of the local population to issues of the environment and sustainable management of natural resources.

Describa los impactos in situ (los dos principales impactos por categoría).

Valorisation of biomass produced from wood by sale on the market for renewable energy.
Development of economic activities and work opportunities linked to tourism and to forestry management.
Reforestation has caused the development of biomass that in the past it was destroyed by degradation factors suc as water erosion and hydreological risk.
Reconstitution of canopy ensures the protection of soil against erosion and hydrogeological risk.

Impacto en la diversidad biológica y el cambio climático

Justifíquelo:

The presence of a canopy  mitigates the impact of precipitation on soil.
The practice itself is a tool of conservation of biodiversity.
Reforestation is a carbon sink

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio?

¿Se ha elaborado un análisis costo-beneficio? :

No

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares?

¿La tecnología se difundió o introdujo en otros lugares? :

No

¿Se dispuso de incentivos para facilitar la aceptación de la tecnología proporcionada?

¿Se dispuso de incentivos para facilitar la aceptación de la tecnología proporcionada?

Sí

Especifique qué tipo de incentivos:

• Incentivos financieros (por ejemplo, tasas preferenciales, ayudas estatales, subvenciones, donaciones, garantías de préstamo, etc.)

¿Puede identificar las tres principales condiciones para el éxito de la práctica óptima/tecnología presentada?

Efficacy of the Woods made in mitigation of hydrogeological risk and erosion.
High productivity of forests of Pinus nigra subsp. laricio Poiret in the River basin Arente.
Will expressed by municipalities to manage autonomously and responsibly forests that fall into municipal property

Replicabilidad

¿En su opinión, la práctica óptima/la tecnología que ha propuesto se puede reproducir en cualquier otro lugar con un cierto nivel de adaptación?

Sí

En relación con los aspectos financieros

Without the availability of funds through regional laws the population would leave the land.