Enfoques

Water Use Management Plan (WUMP) [Pakistán]

WUMP

approaches_747 - Pakistán

Visualizar secciones

Expandir todo
Completado: 94%

1. Información general

1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque

Persona(s) de referencia clave/s

Especialista MST:

Munawar Khan

Nombre del proyecto que facilitó la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque (si fuera relevante)
Book project: where people and their land are safer - A Compendium of Good Practices in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (where people and their land are safer)
Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)
HELVETAS (Swiss Intercooperation)

1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT

¿Cuándo se compilaron los datos (en el campo)?

15/11/2014

El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :

Sí

1.4 Referencia/s al/los Cuestionario(s) de Tecnologías MST

Sub-surface water harvesting for an efficient use of water resources
technologies

Sub-surface water harvesting for an efficient use of … [Pakistán]

The purpose of this water harvesting technology is to capture, collect and distribute sub-surface water. First, an infiltration gallery is developed, which allows the percolation and collection of sub-surface water through perforated pipes at a depth of approximately 3-4.5 metres. Sub-surface water is filtered by gravel/sand underground and infiltrates into …

  • Compilador: Eveline Studer

2. Descripción del Enfoque MST

2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque

The overall purpose of WUMP is to compile an inventory of available water ressources in a particular geographical or administrative area, to identify communities' priorities in order to achieve an effective, equitable and efficient use of water resources at local level. This approach promotes a participatory and inclusive analysis and implementation of measures for a sustainable management of water, land and related resources.

2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST

Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:

The WUMP approach has the following specific objectives:
- to assess water available resource, existing uses and requirements
- to determine water access rights and equity issues through inclusive and interactive dialogues
- to plan and manage water resources - considering multiple needs and uses - in a participatry manner.
- to prioritise required measures, considering climate change and disaster risks
- to promote coordinated water resource development for different stakeholders
- to promote a sustainable use of water, protecting water resources and preservation of the environment
- to strengthen local institutions
- to include economically and socially disadvantaged groups
- to promote an interactive dialogue for improvement of regulatory frameworks and policies in the water sector.
The methode involves field visits by field team to collect information from the community, which is done through focus group discussion, preparation of village maps, social and technical questionnaires

The WUMP process consists of four main stages: 1) Preparation; 2) Assessment/analysis of information ; 3) Planning ; 4) Implementation (see flow chart with according sub-steps).

The process and results of a WUMP:
Is based on a participatory process, which promote inclusiveness. It fosters coordination and collaboration among different local stakeholders including government, communities and private sector and helps to establish the baseline situation and a comun understanding. Land users and other local actors appreciate this approach as it promotes a participatory, transparent process for an equitable distribution of water and a sustainable management of water related resources. The approach helps to overcome potential economic or socio-cultural barriers, by providing a comun space for joint analysis, discussion and solution finding by facilitating interaction between stakeholders of different contexts.

2.3 Fotos del Enfoque

Galería de medios

2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado

País:

Pakistán

Región/ Estado/ Provincia:

Dera Ismail Khan Thensil (sub-division), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (province)

Previsualización del mapa

2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque

Indique año del inicio:

2014

Año de conclusión (si el Enfoque ya no se aplica):

2019

Comentarios:

The approach remains valid and applicable also after the termination of a project intervention.

2.7 Tipo de Enfoque

  • proyecto/ basado en un programa

2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque

The main aim of the WUMP approach is to assess the availability of water resources, existing uses/demands and future requirements/needs. The WUMP helps to address water access, equity issues and balance these rights through interactive dialogues within the community and other local stakeholders. The WUMP approach contributes therefore actively to water governance and improved management of natural resources.

2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque

normas y valores sociales/ culturales/ religiosos
  • facilitan

The approach helps to overcome potential economic or socio-cultural barriers, by providing a comun space for joint analysis, discussion and solution finding by facilitating interaction between stakeholders of different contexts.

disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros
  • facilitan

The implementation of the WUMP tends to increase access to water for production purposes with a positive impact for households/ communities' income.
The results of the WUMP process with its according priorities of intervention are recognized by local government and reflected in local annual development plans and according budgets.
- the WUMP defines options for other actors to investment in water sector based on communities' priorities.

entorno institucional
  • facilitan

WUMP is steered by the district Coordination Committee at district level having representative from all concerned government departments, Water User Association including women members, representatives from civil society where they adress key issues and take decisionsof the local water sector.

colaboración/ coordinación de actores
  • facilitan

Collaboration among actors is the central element of the WUMP, which pomotes a coordinated water resource development involving different stakeholders: communities and government and non-governmental organizations. The process, enables local institutions to consider needs and participation of economically and socially disadvantaged groups.

marco de trabajo legal (tenencia de tierra, derechos de uso de tierra y agua)
  • facilitan

WUMP addresses and defines solutions on water access & equity issues through interactive dialogues.

políticas
  • facilitan

WUMP can influence sector policies at local level based on the collections of baseline data and evidence, which contributes to improve frame conditions. Topics, priorities and challenges of the WUMP are addressed with stakeholders at district Coordination Committee, which can actively influence policies of the water sector.

conocimiento de MST, acceso a apoyo técnico
  • facilitan

The local stakeholders, namely communities are directly involved in the implementation of the WUMP, which improves their knowledge about SLM.

3. Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas

3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles

  • usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales

Rural local communities, water & land users

Participation as an integral part in preparation at village level. Contribution to the assessment, prioritisation and implementation of the interventions

  • organizaciones comunitarias

Water user associations (WUA)/ water users groups (WUG)

Responsible to support and facilitate the WUMP process, social support, provision of primary information. Ensure participation and involvement of all WUA members. Coordinate with relevant authorities and other development actors to identify technical and financial support in their area / water sector.

  • especialistas MST/consejeros agrícolas

staff of the Water for Livelihoods Project : WUMP coordinator (engineer, male, 53 years), senior engineer (engineer, male, 43 years)

Coaching and guidance at all level, steering of WUMP process in collaboration with District Government, organize trainings as scheduled, support field teams for the collection of technical and social information/data.

  • ONG

Local partner NGO

Project implementation, social mobilisation and interaction at field level to ensure that the social dimension, local concerns deserving support are adressed and that the water user association (WUA) are inclusive and gender concerns are duly represented. Support water user associations in their advocacy efforts to mobilize resources for WUMP.

  • sector privado

Consultant

Compilation of data, collected information and writing of WUMP

  • gobierno local

District Authorities / Administration

Provision of legal and administrative acceptance, recognition and support to WUMP implementation. Support through provision of timely technical services to water user association /groups in WUMP implementation, validation of information (data regarding drinking water supply, irrigation, water use efficiency, soil conservation by Public Health Engineering Department, Irrigation Department, On Farm Water Management Department, Soil Conservation Department ). Participation to ensure a participatory monitoring and provide feedback to the district govt. for improvements in delivering of water sector services.

  • gobierno nacional (planificadores, autoridades)

District and provincial governments

Policy dialogue counter-part to address WUMP issues, which require a change in policies, coordination and engagement with in-line authorities and to allocate resources for the integration and implementation of WUMP in the district development plan (ADP).

  • organización internacional

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)

Financial ressources. Partner for advocacy and policy dialogues to address key topics in the water sector in their policy dialogue with national government representatives.

Si varias partes interesadas estuvieron involucradas, indique la agencia principal:

Water for Livelihoods Project

3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades
iniciación/ motivación interactivo Community through water user association (WUA) and water user group (WUG) in their actvities: support and facilitate the WUMP, ensure that all WUGs are involved in the process, link with relevant authorities and other development actors for technical and financial support development.
planificación interactivo Community: WUA/WUG in their activities: Participate as an integral part in the preparation of WUMP at village level. Contribute to conducting feasibility, implementation and execution of interventions.
implementación interactivo Community: WUA/WUG in their activities: Support a system for cost contribution by the community. Link with relevant authorities and other development actors for seeking the technical and financial support in their area water sector development. Promote and advocate for sustainable development in the water sector.
monitoreo y evaluación interactivo Community: WUA/WUG in their activities: Ensure equitable water rights and promote good water governance principles. Ensure strong linkages with WUA/community through regular meetings and documentation of decisions.

3.3 Flujograma (si estuviera disponible)

Descripción:

The process of WUMP is divided into 4 stages consisting of 13 steps

Autor:

Syed Hussain Mustafa, Khan Muhammad, Tawheed Gul, Munawar Khan Khattak

3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST

Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:
  • todos los actores relevantes, como parte de un enfoque participativo
Explique:

The technology is selected via mutual consensuses at village council level. This process is facilitated by a SLM specialist. Women - as well as other vulnerable and marginalized groups - are also part of the water user association and participate in the discussion and decision making process. Where joint setting of men & women is not possible due to cultural constraints, separate meetings of men & women are conducted to cover the voices and concerns of both.

Especifique las bases que sustentaron la toma de decisiones:
  • la evaluación de conocimiento MST bien documentado (la toma de decisiones se basa en evidencia)
  • la experiencia personal y opiniones (no documentadas)

4. Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento

4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación

¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?

Sí

Especifique quién fue capacitado:
  • usuarios de tierras
  • personal de campo/ consejeros
  • Government department specilist (SLM)
Forma de capacitación:
  • en el contexto de trabajo
  • de agricultor a agricultor
  • reuniones públicas
Temas avanzados:

Water resources conservation, efficient use of water resources, irrigation water distribution/ scheduling.

Comentarios:

Water Users are trained in different techniques of water conservation, such as water crop budgeting, local flow measuring techniques, irrigation scheduling with regard to specific crops.
The users are specifically trained in techniques for efficient water use, such as furrow irrigation, raised bed irrigation, mulching etc.

4.2 Servicio de asesoría

¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?

Sí

Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:
  • en los campos de los usuarios de tierras
  • en centros permanentes
Describa/ comentarios:

SLM specialist made field visits and provided technical guidance to Land Users
The Land Users visited relevant organizations for technical guidance

4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)

¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?
  • sí, moderadamente
Especifique el nivel o los niveles en los que se fortalecieron o establecieron las instituciones:
  • local
Describa la institución, roles y responsabilidades, miembros, etc.

Water User Association (WUA, local Institutions) at district & sub-district level were strengthened. The legally recognize WUA and Apex of the WUA take gradually responsibilities to support and facilitate the WUMP process. The WUAs strives for improvements in the water sector and are a catalyst to bring together and pool communities, civil society organisations, local authorities and other actors of different actors for to address water issues and development options.

Especifique el tipo de apoyo:
  • construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento
Proporcione detalles adicionales:

Project provided trainings for 16 Water User Associations (WUAs) and 3 Apex WUAs in Chitral, Karak, and DI Khan. These 16 associations aim to improve development in the water sector, to improve water governance to contribute to resolutions in case of disputes amongst different water right holders for an equitable access to water at local and at district level.
Through these trainings, the WUGs/ WUAs members representing various groups/ associations - including representatives from Government Line Agencies are trained in community management & skill training, mediation in case of water disputes, monitoring/documentation and health/hygiene.

4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación

¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Comentarios:

The principle of the monitoring, is to actively engage the communities associations (WUA/WUG) and capture their observations and concerns.
This is done through direct feedbacks from communities, during regular field visits and interaction with technical departments, who receive feedbacks from communities based on regular exchanges.

Si respondió que sí, ¿la documentación se utilizará para monitoreo y evaluación?

No

Comentarios:

This documentation is not primarily used for monitoring & evaluation purpose. However it contributes to establish a baseline.

4.5 Investigación

¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?

No

5. Financiamiento y apoyo material externo

5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque

Si no se conoce el presupuesto anual preciso, indique el rango:
  • 2,000-10,000
Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):

The cost for the preparation of WUMP depends on the size of the area

5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras

¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :

Sí

Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :

The project and governamental counter parts (Department) provide material and technical support. The community provides in-kind contribution through labor and local material for the imlementation of the measures/ technology.

5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)

Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:
  • voluntario?

5.4 Crédito

¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?

No

5.5 Otros incentivos o instrumentos

¿Se usaron otros incentivos o instrumentos para promover la implementación de Tecnologías MST?

No

6. Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión

6.1 Impactos del Enfoque

¿El Enfoque empoderó a los usuarios locales de tierras, mejoró el involucramiento de las partes interesadas?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The approach supports land and water users to make decisions regarding water use by their own.

¿El Enfoque facilitó la toma de decisiones basada en evidencia?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The preparation stage includes an analysis, where information for evidence and later decisions is collected. Once the effectiveness of the approach is recognized, it can be replicated by other communities them-selfs.

¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Land users are involved for the implementation and maintenance of the prioritized measures in the WUMP plan, which an efficient use water for productiion and drinking purposes.

¿El Enfoque mejoró la coordinación e implementación efectiva en costos de MST?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The WUMP provides options for cost sharing mechanisms amongst different actors, to attract funding for prioritized initiatives. The prioritized initiatives of WUMP are jointly implemented by different stakeholders, which can reduce its costs.

¿El Enfoque movilizó/mejoró el acceso a recursos financieros para implementar MST?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The results of WUMP (measures) are included in the official departmental annual development plans and budgets.

¿El Enfoque mejoró el conocimiento y capacidades de los usuarios para implementar MST?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The land and water users learnt how to analyse and assess water resources. They learnt about options to address the identified challenges.

¿El Enfoque mejoró el conocimiento y capacidades de otras partes interesadas?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Similarly, all other involved stakeholders' learn how to analysse and asses water resources and know about options to address them.

¿El Enfoque construyó/ fortaleció instituciones, colaboración entre partes interesadas?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

By establishing a district coordination committee to steer the approach (WUMP) all stakeholders can jointly discuss, address their needs and suggest options to be prioritized.

¿El Enfoque mitigó conflictos?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Through this approach all stakeholders - especially the up-stream & down stream users - can resolve their water related disputes through dialogue. This contributes to resolve disputes between communities and concerned department.

¿El Enfoque empoderó a grupos en desventaja social y económica?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Disadvantaged groups participate in the preparation process of the plan, where they reflect and contribute with their concerns, needs and priorities.

¿El Enfoque mejoró la equidad de género y empoderó a las mujeres y niñas?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Same participation as the disadvantaged groups. Women are also part of the decision making body.

¿El Enfoque alentó a jóvenes/ la siguiente generación de usuarios de tierras a involucrarse con MST?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Same participation as the disadvantaged groups. Generall people of the age group 30-45 have are the leader of associations - supported by their elders - to address and develop water ressouce management of their villages.

¿El Enfoque resultó en mejor seguridad alimentaria/ mejoró la nutrición?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Through the approach water efficient technologies are promoted, which allow to increase production and improve food security.

¿El Enfoque llevó a un acceso mejorado a tierra y saneamiento?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

Through the approach options to improve access to water for domestic use are promoted. Access to clean drinking water at households' proximity contributes to improved sanitation.

¿El Enfoque mejoró la capacidad de los usuarios de tierras a adaptarse a los cambios climáticos/ extemos y mitigar desastres relacionados al clima?
  • No
  • Sí, un poco
  • Sí, moderadamente
  • Sí, mucho

The result of the WUMP approach is a set of options, where efficient use of water and water saving technologies are promoted e.g. water harvesting.

6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST

  • producción incrementada

WUMP aims to improve access and availability of water. More water for irrgation and efficient water use technologies contribute to increased yields. Consequently surface for agricultural production can be extended.

  • incremento de la renta(bilidad), proporción mejorada de costo-beneficio

By promoting efficient water utilization techniques, this can reduce costs, especially where power driven water pumping is involved.

  • reducción de la degradación del suelo

Earlier in areas of water scarcity flood irrigation, which leds to erosion, was applied. This approach helps to promote more sustainble irrigation options.

  • reducción del riesgo de desastres naturales

In the initial analysis stage of WUMP different water related hazards, mainly floods and droughts, are identified. As a result options to reduce according risks are identified and promoted.

  • reglas y reglamentos (multas)/ aplicación

This approach help in aligning the traditional rules with formal rules and regulation in water management. The associations are not only right holders but they are also duty barer to communities.

  • conciencia medioambiental

The approach promotes a sustainable water resource management. It promotes conservation and balances it with an efficient use of water fo rdifferent purposes. At the assessment stage potential problems related to unsustainable practices are analized and addressed.

  • conocimiento y capacidades mejorados de MST

Communities are informed and empowered to identify and contribute to the implementation of options for sustainable water management.

  • mitigación de conflicto

This approach provide opportunity to all stakeholders especially the up-stream & down stream users to resolve water related disputes through a joint dialogue. It further contributes to resolve disputes between communities and govtl. departments.

6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque

¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?
  • sí
Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:

For the prioritisation of technologies implemented through WUMP, options which require only minimal external inputs and are easy to sustain by the land user, where promoted.

6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra
Participatory and inclusive process, which ensures ownership by local actors, promotes coordination and fosters partnerships between different actors.
The proritized measures selected through the WUMP approach promote a sustainable use of water resources through water conservation and efficient water use.
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave
Strengthening of local institutional capacities, establishment ofan inventory/ data used as base line in the water sector.
Flexible for improvement, since the WUMP is reviewed each 3-5 year
Officially recognized and accepted planning tool at regional level, which provides opportunities for investment by other actors based on communities' priorities.

6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
Time consuming preparation process, high initial cost for the preparation

 Ensure regular feature of planing (continuous process)
Lack of technical capacities at local level Capacity building trainings of local institutions (VOs/ WUAs/WUGs) in planning. Provide suport at local level through the project and government extension services.
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
Replication and upscaling require talor-made adjustments


 Technical capacity building of govt. departments.
WUMP application in large scale in areas (big catchment areas, limited access) Lobbying for support and resources at different governmental level.
Important mobilisation of resources by other stakeholders for implementation Inclusion of WUMP priorities by the govt. department in their respective annual development plans.

7. Referencias y vínculos

7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información

  • visitas de campo, encuestas de campo

- field visit all involved villages, organisation of focal group discussions

  • entrevistas con usuarios de tierras

land user where the key informants.

  • entrevistas con especialistas/ expertos en MST

Meeting with technical departments for data/ information regarding their respective services and experience

  • compilación de informes y otra documentación existente

Support from secondary data/ reports of the concerned department, analysis of the primary data, compilation and reporting.

7.3 Vínculos a la información relevante disponible en línea

Título/ descripción:

Water Use master Plan (WUMP) Project experience Nepal, Helvetas Swiss Intercooperation Nepal

URL:

https://assets.helvetas.org/downloads/13_waterusemasterplan_wump_blau_final_engl_a4_portrait.pdf

Título/ descripción:

Water Use master Plan (WUMP) - facilitator's guide book, 2015, Helvetas Swiss Intercooperation Nepal

URL:

http://www.rainfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Nepal-Module-final_SF.pdf

Vínculos y módulos

Expandir todo Colapsar todos

Módulos

No se hallaron módulos