1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque

Nombre del proyecto que facilitó la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque (si fuera relevante)

Programme for Territorial Communities, Mali (PACT)

Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH (GIZ) - Alemania

1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT

¿Cuándo se compilaron los datos (en el campo)?

01/07/2012

El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :

Sí

2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque

Local agreements aim to prevent and consensually manage conflicts on a site and to manage natural resources to ensure they are used rationally and sustainably.

2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST

Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:

A local agreement is a mutual agreement covering the ways in which shared natural resources are exploited in order to ensure their fair and sustainable use. As the national methodological guide puts it: ‘All agreements, written or otherwise, between two or more local actors and particularly social groups (socio-professional groups, village associations or communities, or factions), technical services and NGOs set the rules for accessing and using the resources in a way which ensures their conservation and their responsible and sustainable exploitation’.
The local agreement is the fruit of a series of consultation and negotiation forums involving local farmers and managers of a shared natural resource and is delivered with the support of local authorities and their technical services. These consultation and negotiation forums make it possible for all the actors involved to evaluate the status of the resource, identify problems and put forward possible solutions. The forums create a climate of trust among user groups who, despite the difficulties of living side-by-side, remain willing to come together around the same table. The management ideas resulting from the discussions and negotiations are laid down in the form of consensual management rules, collectively called the ‘local agreement’.
Stages of implementation: 1)Information and identification of key actors in the process of drawing up a local agreement. As it is not possible for everyone to participate in the consultation exercise, the process is based on delegation. 2)Natural resource diagnostic exercise: first taking a snapshot of the current state of the resource using tools like resource maps, Venn diagrams and matrices categorizing producers by product. Next, problems arising from resource exploitation and management, and possible solutions to these problems, are identified. 3)The results are fed back to actors who have not been involved in the diagnostic process in order to gather their inputs. 4)Drawing up the draft local agreement: analysing reaction to the diagnostic feedback in order to (i) take on board the most relevant inputs and (ii) flesh out and refine the ideas for regulatory solutions (concrete management rules and their associated sanctions – this constitutes the ‘draft local agreement’) without losing sight of the national legislation relating to the resource. It is during this stage that the mechanism for monitoring the implementation of the agreement is developed. 5)Feedback and validation of the draft: in order to refine the terms of the draft local agreement, the select committee instituted by all those participating in the process feeds back the results of its work and then debates them. Once the terms are agreed by all parties, it is considered validated. 6)The draft local agreement is signed by the local managers of the resource and is then considered by the territorial community and approved by the supervisory authority, where required. Hardcopies of the signed agreement are subsequently given out to key actors and it is disseminated through discussions in general meetings and on local radio. 7)Monitoring bodies are set up to monitor local agreement implementation at the village and commune levels and to deliver training on the roles and responsibilities required at these levels. 8)Monitoring and evaluation is carried out with regard to the implementation of the local agreement and the functioning of bodies tasked with monitoring the implementation.
Involved actors: Territorial communities, farmers and managers of natural resources, technical services, financial support structure.

2.3 Fotos del Enfoque

2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado

2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque

2.7 Tipo de Enfoque

• proyecto/ basado en un programa

2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities
Agreements between different actors on the sustainable and fair use of shared natural resources, reduction of conflicts
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: conflicts on and unsustainable use of natural resources

2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque

3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles

3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque

	Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales	Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades
iniciación/ motivación	interactivo
planificación	interactivo
implementación	interactivo
monitoreo y evaluación	interactivo
Research	pasivo

3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST

Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:

• principalmente usuarios de tierras con el apoyo de especialistas MST

4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación

¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?

Sí

Especifique quién fue capacitado:

• usuarios de tierras

Forma de capacitación:

• reuniones públicas

4.2 Servicio de asesoría

¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?

Sí

Describa/ comentarios:

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities

4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)

¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?

• sí, moderadamente

Especifique el nivel o los niveles en los que se fortalecieron o establecieron las instituciones:

• local

Especifique el tipo de apoyo:

• financiero
• construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento

4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación

¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Comentarios:

technical aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations;
socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations;
management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations;
bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored by None through observations;
There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation;
There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation;

4.5 Investigación

¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Especifique los temas:

• sociología
• economía/ marketing
• ecología
• tecnología

5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque

Si no se conoce el presupuesto anual preciso, indique el rango:

• 2,000-10,000

Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international: 100.0%

5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras

¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :

Sí

5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)

Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:

• voluntario?

6.1 Impactos del Enfoque

6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST

6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque

¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?

• sí

Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:

A local agreement for managing natural resources usually applies for between three to five years. At the end of this period, the agreement must be evaluated in order to take account of new developments. PACT has been using these local agreements since 2004.
The sustainability of the local agreement depends on the level to which its terms are taken up by those who developed it and who are responsible for implementing it. It also depends on the relevance of the regulatory and technical solutions taken forward for resolving the major issues identified in the diagnostic process.

6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave
More rational and sustainable exploitation of resources
Fairer access to developed lands
Consultative management of the shared resource
Reduction and prevention of conflicts (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: The diagnostic process must reflect reality, as expressed by the beneficiaries themselves. During the diagnostic process, beneficiaries must be given guidance but must not be directly influenced. The solutions put forward must come from the beneficiaries. There must be continuity in terms of key actor representation. The results from consultation exercises must be fed back into the process. Local authorities, supervisory bodies and technical services must be involved. A set of technical measures must be implemented based on the results of the diagnostic process. These measures must reinforce the management rules.)
Local agreements on managing developed lands and facilities are drawn up for the majority of hydro-agricultural schemes (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: There must be a system in place to take action against those breaking the terms of the convention (committees and technical services))

6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave	¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
Getting remote farmers – such as those in localities outside the scope of the local agreement – to respect the rules laid down in the local agreement can be problematic.
Once the scheme starts developing lands (increasing yields), new conflicts can arise (jealousy)

7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información

7.2 Referencias a publicaciones disponibles

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

Manual of Good Practices in Small Scale Irrigation in the Sahel. Experiences from Mali. Published by GIZ in 2014.

¿Dónde se halla disponible? ¿Costo?

http://star-www.giz.de/starweb/giz/pub/servlet.starweb

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

Guide méthodologique national, élaboration d’une convention locale de gestion des ressources naturelles [National methodological guide – Drawing up a local agreement to manage natural resources], MEA (Ministry of Environment and Sanitation), June 2011

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

Full-cost accounting of local agreements, PACT, October 2006

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

www.pact-mali.org