1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque

Nombre del proyecto que facilitó la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque (si fuera relevante)

Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)

Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)

Land Development Department LDD (Land Development Department LDD) - Tailandia

1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT

¿Cuándo se compilaron los datos (en el campo)?

26/09/2018

El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :

Sí

1.4 Referencia/s al/los Cuestionario(s) de Tecnologías MST

2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque

Thai government promotes planting Eucalyptus camaldulensis on rice bunds to lower shallow saline groundwater level and prevent the spread of salt in soils under cooperation of farmers, land owners, Siam Forestry Co., Ltd., Subdistrict Administration, Organization, Land Development Department, and with specialists or technical advisors in various fields.

2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST

Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:

Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives through Land Development Department (LDD.) has initiated the project on planting salt tolerant perennial trees on salt affected land in the Northeast Thailand since 1996. This project therefore has facilitated planting Eucalyptus camaldulensis on rice bunds since then. The main objective of the approach is to encourage and support the land users to plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis on rice bunds in the salt affected land with shallow saline groundwater. The target of planting is 1000 rai/year (1 ha = 6.25 rai).
The activities started by LDD with public hearing through local administration, identifying salt affected areas by SLM specialist and landscape soil salinity map; set demonstration plot by SLM specialist and farmer on the farmer’s land as learning center and communication with local administration to call for farmers meeting with detailed work plan and discussion of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of planting Eucalyptus. The methods used were questionnaires and interviewing are for their willingness of their participation of the the stakeholders concerned by LDD SLM specialists, researchers, and experts. The LDD has provided funding for land preparation and planting cost while corporate such as Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. purchase the logs through contract, Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives provides loan to land users.

The implementing of the Approach consist of 3 phases. The preparation phase which is of seedling preparation (growing the seedling in nursery), site selection for establishment of demonstration plot of salt affected soil, rice bund preparation, and establish demonstration plot of 200 rai at Ban Kham Riang, Muang Pia Sub-district, Ban Phai District, Khon Kaen Province. The coordination phase includes joint meeting between farmers and researchers, joint monitoring, evaluation and follow up, land users, site visit to demonstration plot. The planting actions start with model (planting method) establishment on farmers land in the salt affected area who were convinced by the results of the demonstration plots, Those farmers will be supported by the project on Planting Salt Tolerant Perennial Trees on Saline Soils in the Northeast Thailand.

The market starts up for purchase of logs after joint monitoring evaluation and follow up. The results from the interviews show that land users favor this project and spread Eucalyptus planting by themselves due to the decrease in salination as well as higher income from better rice production and additional income from selling tree trunks. However, there were some negatives effects by the falling leaves (farmers believe that they produce organic compound that are detrimental to rice yield) and shading to rice crop of Eucalyptus discussed among farmers. This problem, was solved by arranging site visits, where there were no effects found. Furthermore, favorable micro-climate is cooler, local earth worms used to disappear now returning resulted in better soil properties. However, more birds, rats dwell in this better environment become disadvantage because they damage rice yield. However, there are more advantage than disadvantage so they still adopt this technology. It has been found that more than 10,000 rai (1,600 ha) of shallow saline groundwater of the salt affected land were planted Eucalyptus trees on rice bunds in the low lying salt affected discharged area of shallow saline groundwater ( planting Eucalyptus more than 1,000 rai per year).

2.3 Fotos del Enfoque

2.4 Videos del Enfoque

2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado

2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque

2.7 Tipo de Enfoque

• proyecto/ basado en un programa

2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque

The main objectives of the approach is to encourage and support land users to plant Eucalyptus camaldulensis on the salt affected land, planting target of the project is 1000 rai/year (1 ha = 6.25 rai).

2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque

3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles

3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque

	Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales	Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades
iniciación/ motivación	interactivo	land users in the project based
planificación	pasivo	Discussion with land users on work plan before starting the activity.
implementación	interactivo	land users/farmers in the project
monitoreo y evaluación	pasivo	land users in the project

3.3 Flujograma (si estuviera disponible)

3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST

Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:

• principalmente por especialistas MST en consulta con usuarios de tierras

Explique:

SLM specialists locate salt affected areas where shallow saline groundwater area are found.
Then consult with land users to agree with the set technology and the shared benefit between LDD in combating salinity problem as well as their additional income with better soils and favorable micro-climate.

Especifique las bases que sustentaron la toma de decisiones:

• la evaluación de conocimiento MST bien documentado (la toma de decisiones se basa en evidencia)

4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación

¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?

Sí

Especifique quién fue capacitado:

• usuarios de tierras

Forma de capacitación:

• áreas de demostración
• reuniones públicas

Temas avanzados:

Reclamation and prevention for salt affected land with accessed technology and increase income for farmers.

4.2 Servicio de asesoría

¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?

Sí

Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:

• en los campos de los usuarios de tierras

Describa/ comentarios:

1. Community volunteer on soil represents from Land Development Department provides knowledge by training farmers in the area.
2. SLM specialists from Land Development Department and specialists of Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. visited and advised farmers in the area.

4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)

¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?

• no

4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación

¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Comentarios:

SLM specialists from Land Development Department collaborated with Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. and community volunteer on soil survey the survival rate and follow up growth of plant in the area.

Si respondió que sí, ¿la documentación se utilizará para monitoreo y evaluación?

Sí

Comentarios:

There are various point in this document that are interesting and should be adapted for each area to use for evaluation.

4.5 Investigación

¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?

Sí

Especifique los temas:

• tecnología

Proporcione detalles adicionales e indique quién hizo la investigación:

The soil salinity research group, LDD conducted research on saline groundwater flow path along the landscape in Northeast Thailand with Prof.Dr. Adrian Peck from University of Western Australia supported by Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) and another project with Dr. Nico Marcar from Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) on screening for salt tolerant trees sponsored ACIAR as well.

5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque

Si no se conoce el presupuesto anual preciso, indique el rango:

• 2,000-10,000

Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):

Land Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives (MOAC), Thailand

5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras

¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :

Sí

Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :

Assistant in kind, labour cost and seedling supply.

5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)

• mano de obra

• agrícola

Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:

• voluntario?

Comentarios:

Voluntary labour from land user for planting and maintenance has been calculated as labour cost even though LDD did not pay for the labour.

5.4 Crédito

¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?

No

5.5 Otros incentivos o instrumentos

¿Se usaron otros incentivos o instrumentos para promover la implementación de Tecnologías MST?

Sí

Si fuera el caso, especifique :

1. The policy of Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. to expand the planting area as a source of raw materials for industry and organize a market in the area.
2. This technology encourages farmers to easily access their capital sources such as Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives, LDD will send work plan and names of the land users to the bank.

6.1 Impactos del Enfoque

6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST

6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque

¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?

• sí

Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:

Farmers have a better understanding and positive attitude of planting Eucalyptus. Moreover, they have income from Eucalyptus logs at a definite market for Eucalyptus.

6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra
Community volunteer on soil and community leader are the coordinator in the area.
Farmers access to markets and sources of Eucalyptus seedlings easily.
LDD officers have continually surveyed and followed up in the area.
Distribute seedling for free of charge.
Good marketing for the purchase and sale in the area.

Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave
A supported technique created to develop technology to suit landscape in the Northeast area.
Planting Eucalyptus knowledge was provided incessantly by Land Development Department and Siam Forestry Co., Ltd.
Siam Forestry Co., Ltd. develop marketing covering the Northeast region.
A demonstrated plot established in the area.

6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra	¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
The LDD officers do not visit whenever the land user need help.	The officers need to contact the land user and give advice more often.
More birds and rats attack rice yield.	Set up crow scare, some farmers eat birds and rats.

Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave	¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas?
Farmers planted closer spacing of 1 meter for demanding of more wood product, regardless of the adverse effect on rice.	Clearly illustrate the adverse effect of closer spacing of plants.
Income from logs is considered too low.	Changing crops such as olives, figs, dates, pomegranate, etc.

7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información

7.2 Referencias a publicaciones disponibles

Título, autor, año, ISBN:

Land Development Department

¿Dónde se halla disponible? ¿Costo?

http://www.ldd.go.th/

7.3 Vínculos a la información relevante disponible en línea

Título/ descripción:

Planting Eucalyptus on rice bunds: Better way for the Northeast farmers

URL:

http://www.ldd.go.th/

Título/ descripción:

Eucalyptus : New opportunity by Siam Forestry

URL:

http://www.scgpackaging.com/others/forestry/eucalyptus/TH