Catchment Based Integrated Water Resources Management [Uganda]
- Creación:
- Actualización:
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
- Editor: –
- Revisores: Renate Fleiner, Boris Orlowsky
Okurinda ebyobuhangwa
approaches_724 - Uganda
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Expandir todo Colapsar todos1. Información general
1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación del Enfoque
Persona(s) de referencia clave/s
Especialista MST:
Nombre del proyecto que facilitó la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque (si fuera relevante)
Book project: where people and their land are safer - A Compendium of Good Practices in Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) (where people and their land are safer)Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación del Enfoque si fuera relevante)
Tear Fund Switzerland (Tear Fund Switzerland) - Suiza1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT
El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT :
Sí
1.4 Referencia/s al/los Cuestionario(s) de Tecnologías MST
Percolation pits [Uganda]
A percolation pit is an excavation in the ground in the pathway of water runoff to intercept the flow of the water and thereby reduce erosion and destruction of crops, settlements and other infrastructure downstream
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Bench Terracing [Uganda]
A bench terrace is an artificial horizontal strip dug across a steep landscape, with a riser ranging between 30 and 45 degrees. Bench terraces are constructed in series and help to minimize land degradation by rainwater runoff
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Soil and Water Conservation Channels [Uganda]
A soil and water conservation channel is an excavated trench along the contour with tie bands after an interval to trap water and soil which are being washed down the slopes by a downpour
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Farming God's Way [Uganda]
Farming Gods Way is a method of farming which aims to preserve soil structure through minimum tillage, mulching with grass or plant stalks and use of organic manure for improved crop yields.
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
2. Descripción del Enfoque MST
2.1 Breve descripción del Enfoque
Catchment based integrated water resources management is a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximise economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital eco systems
2.2 Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST
Descripción detallada del Enfoque MST:
This approach brings together all the people who are using the land resources within a defined area
This approach entails community mobilisation, organisation and empowerment to jointly harness and manage their resources sustainably for optimum benefits
The process begins when a request from a community is received. This is followed by an assessment to ascertain the needs and the level of involvement of the community.
The community is then mobilised through the religious and local leaders. The leaders then facilitate formation of local environment committees which are trained
The local environment committees convene community meetings and the community does the hazard and vulnerability assessments, and identifies the adaptation strategies. The community then identifies resource user groups which are trained and supported to implement the technologies
The stakeholders involved were the church and local leaders who do the mobilisation, government technical staff for technical backup and supports enforcement of by-laws, community members who attend meetings and trainings and participate in applying the technologies, Kigezi Diocese Water and Sanitation Programme (KDWSP) which provides technical expertise and subsidises implementation of the technologies, development partners who provide funding and capacity building for implementation staff, other development agencies who share experiences
The land users appreciate the approach because it puts them at the forefront of the planning and implementation to address their problems. However, the approach is demanding in terms of time
2.3 Fotos del Enfoque
2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde el Enfoque fue aplicado
País:
Uganda
Región/ Estado/ Provincia:
South Western Region
Especifique más el lugar :
Rubaya Sub County, Kabale District
2.6 Fechas de inicio y conclusión del Enfoque
Si no se conoce el año preciso, indique la fecha aproximada en la que se inició el Enfoque:
hace menos de 10 años (recientemente)
2.7 Tipo de Enfoque
- proyecto/ basado en un programa
2.8 Propósitos/ objetivos principales del Enfoque
The main aim of the approach is to ensure that the water and related resources provide a source of livelihood to the people while being preserved for use by future generations and reducing resources based conflicts
2.9 Condiciones que facilitan o impiden la implementación de la/s Tecnología/s aplicadas bajo el Enfoque
normas y valores sociales/ culturales/ religiosos
- facilitan
There are social groups in the communities which all community members highly conform to. Community members also are very religious and therefore the church is a very effective convener
disponibilidad/ acceso a recursos y servicios financieros
- impiden
People are poor because they depend on susbsistence farming, and with limited land, there is low productivity and much of what is produced is consumed
entorno institucional
- facilitan
Government and church structures are well established to the grass root and they are in support of development programmes
- impiden
Although good laws exist, the level of enforcement is low
colaboración/ coordinación de actores
- facilitan
Collaboration with other development agencies fosters learning and sharing of experiences and knowledge
marco de trabajo legal (tenencia de tierra, derechos de uso de tierra y agua)
- facilitan
People own land in a manner that they are free to use it the way they want
- impiden
On the contrary, some people may not easily adopt th technology since it is at their will
políticas
- facilitan
Relevant policies are in place
gobernanza de tierras (toma de decisiones, implementación y aplicación)
- impiden
Although policies are in place, they are not easily enforced
conocimiento de MST, acceso a apoyo técnico
- facilitan
This approach builds on already existing local knowledge and existence of government technical teams
mercados (para comprar insumos, vender productos) y precios
- impiden
The farmers have low purchasing power due to poor incomes
carga de trabajo, disponibilidad de mano de obra
- impiden
The youth and men who are the most energetic are not active and spend most their time gambling and drinking and much of the work is being done by women
3. Participación y roles de las partes interesadas involucradas
3.1 Partes interesadas involucradas en el Enfoque y sus roles
- usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales
Attending meetings and trainings and participating in applying the technologies. Mostly women aged between 16 and 60
- organizaciones comunitarias
KDWSP and existing community groups like stretcher groups, local savings and credit groups
Help to convene community members for meetings and trainings and enforcing by-laws
- especialistas MST/consejeros agrícolas
Training and providing technical knowledge and overseeing and supervision of technologies
- investigadores
Provide resource materials
- profesores/ niños en edad escolar/ estudiantes
Teachers disseminate information, school children (age 8 - 15) engage in music, dance and drama with messages relating to SLM
- ONG
Sharing experiences
- sector privado
Supplying inputs and provide market for the produce
- gobierno local
Mobilisation, enforcement of policies and provide technical support
- gobierno nacional (planificadores, autoridades)
Make policies and guidelines and provide an enabling environment
- organización internacional
Provide funding and capacity building for implementing agencies
3.2 Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales en las distintas fases del Enfoque
Involucramiento de los usuarios locales de tierras/ comunidades locales | Especifique quién se involucró y describa las actividades | |
---|---|---|
iniciación/ motivación | auto-movilización | When disasters hit the communities, they organised themselves, through their leaders, and approached KDWSP to support them overcome these and similar disasters |
planificación | interactivo | Following the hazard and vulnerability assessments, KDWSP in partnership with the Ministry of Water and Environment, explained to communities the different technologies and their benefits and the community decided on which technologies to adopt |
implementación | interactivo | The SLM specialists guided the land users on how to implement the technologies |
monitoreo y evaluación | interactivo | The SLM specialists, together with community elected representatives carried out the monitoring of the technologies |
3.4 La toma de decisiones en la selección de Tecnología(s) MST
Especifique quién decidió la selección de las Tecnología/ Tecnologías a implementarse:
- principalmente por especialistas MST en consulta con usuarios de tierras
Especifique las bases que sustentaron la toma de decisiones:
- la evaluación de conocimiento MST bien documentado (la toma de decisiones se basa en evidencia)
4. Apoyo técnico, fortalecimiento institucional y gestión del conocimiento
4.1 Construcción de capacidades / capacitación
¿Se proporcionó la capacitación a usuarios de tierras/ otras partes interesadas?
Sí
Especifique quién fue capacitado:
- usuarios de tierras
- personal de campo/ consejeros
Forma de capacitación:
- en el contexto de trabajo
- de agricultor a agricultor
- áreas de demostración
- reuniones públicas
Temas avanzados:
Water resources management policies, regulations and guidelines, community based catchment planning, principles of IWRM, IWRM implementation approaches, roles and responsibilities, soil and water conservation practices and conservation farming, soil and water conservation practices and conservation farming, setting out and construction of soil and water conservation channels (use of the A-frame), construction of percolation pits, construction of bench terraces
4.2 Servicio de asesoría
¿Los usuarios de tierras tienen acceso a un servicio de asesoría?
Sí
Especifique si servicio proporcionado se realizó:
- en los campos de los usuarios de tierras
- en centros permanentes
Describa/ comentarios:
There is a National Agricultural Research Organisation located within the District where land users can go for advisory services. There are also agricultural extension workers at sub county level and project staff who regularly follow up the land users
4.3 Fortalecimiento institucional (desarrollo institucional)
¿Se establecieron o fortalecieron instituciones mediante el Enfoque?
- sí, moderadamente
Especifique el nivel o los niveles en los que se fortalecieron o establecieron las instituciones:
- local
Describa la institución, roles y responsabilidades, miembros, etc.
The formed local environment committees are comprised of community representatives, local council leaders, sub county leadership and church leaders. They are responsible for mobilising communities, planning, implementation and monitoring of the technologies
Especifique el tipo de apoyo:
- construcción de capacidades/ entrenamiento
- equipo
4.4 Monitoreo y evaluación
¿El monitoreo y la evaluación forman parte del Enfoque?
Sí
Comentarios:
There is routine field follow up made by KDWSP and the local environment
Si respondió que sí, ¿la documentación se utilizará para monitoreo y evaluación?
Sí
Comentarios:
This information will be used as a baseline for tracking progress and measuring impact
4.5 Investigación
¿La investigación formó parte del Enfoque?
No
5. Financiamiento y apoyo material externo
5.1 Presupuesto anual para el componente MST del Enfoque
Indique el presupuesto anual para el componente del MST del Enfoque (en US$):
150000,00
Comentarios (ej. fuentes principales de financiamiento/ donantes principales):
Tearfund Switzerland
5.2 Apoyo financiero/material proporcionado a los usuarios de tierras
¿Los usuarios de tierras recibieron financiamiento/ apoyo material para implementar la Tecnología/ Tecnologías? :
Sí
Si respondió sí, especifique el tipo o los tipos de apoyo, condiciones y proveedor(es) :
Tools for construction of the technologies, seedlings, setting up demonstration sites, training
5.3 Subsidios para insumos específicos (incluyendo mano de obra)
- mano de obra
En qué grado | Especifique los subsidios |
---|---|
parcialmente financiado | Wages to people who construct the demonstration bench terraces. The beneficiary land user provides food for the laborers |
- equipo
Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron | En qué grado | Especifique los subsidios |
---|---|---|
herramientas | totalmente financiado | For excavation of conservation channels and percolation pits |
- agrícola
Especifique qué insumos se subsidiaron | En qué grado | Especifique los subsidios |
---|---|---|
semillas | totalmente financiado | For establishment of hedge rows |
Si la mano de obra de usuarios de tierras fue un insumo sustancial, ¿fue:
- voluntario?
Comentarios:
Labour for excavation of conservation channels and percolation pits was voluntary while labour for construction of demonstration bench terraces was paid in cash
5.4 Crédito
¿Se proporcionó crédito bajo el Enfoque para actividades MST?
No
5.5 Otros incentivos o instrumentos
¿Se usaron otros incentivos o instrumentos para promover la implementación de Tecnologías MST?
No
6. Análisis de impacto y comentarios de conclusión
6.1 Impactos del Enfoque
¿El Enfoque empoderó a los usuarios locales de tierras, mejoró el involucramiento de las partes interesadas?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Land users can now do the technologies by themselves, conduct meetings, enforce their own by-laws
¿El Enfoque facilitó la toma de decisiones basada en evidencia?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Management structures are now able to meet regularly to make decisions based on observations and lessons learnt during the implementation of the technologies
¿El Enfoque ayudó a los usuarios de tierras a implementar y mantener Tecnologías MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Subsidy as part of the approach was a major support in helping to implement the technologies
¿El Enfoque mejoró la coordinación e implementación efectiva en costos de MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The established community management structures are linked to sub county technical staff for technical support and other service providers like other agencies
¿El Enfoque movilizó/mejoró el acceso a recursos financieros para implementar MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The approach focussed more on adoption of the technologies and did not go to the extent of training land users to mobilise financial resources
¿El Enfoque mejoró el conocimiento y capacidades de los usuarios para implementar MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Trained land users are now able to replicate the technologies with little or no external support
¿El Enfoque mejoró el conocimiento y capacidades de otras partes interesadas?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Local government leaders, churches, CSOs and community leaders were equipped with knowledge on SLM and exposed to best practices
¿El Enfoque construyó/ fortaleció instituciones, colaboración entre partes interesadas?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The stakeholders occasionally meet to discuss SLM matters and other issues are discussed in that forum
¿El Enfoque mitigó conflictos?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Land users work together in implementation of SLM technologies which promotes cohesion
¿El Enfoque empoderó a grupos en desventaja social y económica?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The approach did not specifically target disadvantaged groups
¿El Enfoque mejoró la equidad de género y empoderó a las mujeres y niñas?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Women have been targeted and considered to be part of the management committees or host demonstrations
¿El Enfoque alentó a jóvenes/ la siguiente generación de usuarios de tierras a involucrarse con MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
SLM messages were disseminated through music, dance and drama by school children and youth who are next generation of land users
¿El Enfoque mejoró cuestiones de tenencia de tierra/ derechos de usuarios que obstaculizaron la implementación de la Tecnologías MST?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
By-laws formed and guidelines which were provided to the land users have helped in the implementation of the technologies
¿El Enfoque resultó en mejor seguridad alimentaria/ mejoró la nutrición?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The SLM have helped to reduce fertile soil loss due to erosion, increase soil moisture content and reduce destruction of crops by surface runoff hence improved productivity
¿El Enfoque mejoró el acceso a los mercados?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The approach did not focus on this aspect
¿El Enfoque llevó a un acceso mejorado a tierra y saneamiento?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The technologies under this approach protect existing water sources and sanitation facilities from destruction by surface runoff and landslides and replenish sub-surface water sources
¿El Enfoque llevó a un uso más sostenible/ fuentes de energía?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
Under this approach other technologies are integrated including energy saving stoves, agro-forestry which aim at sustainable use of the land resources
¿El Enfoque mejoró la capacidad de los usuarios de tierras a adaptarse a los cambios climáticos/ extemos y mitigar desastres relacionados al clima?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The approach has led to increased adoption of the structures that minimise the impact of surface run offs on the farms of land users
¿El Enfoque llevó a oportunidades de empleo, ingresos?
- No
- Sí, un poco
- Sí, moderadamente
- Sí, mucho
The approach has resulted in providing training for skilled labour. Beneficiaries are able to sell their labour and the technologies introduced create room for increased productivity from the farms of the land users
6.2 Motivación principal del usuario de la tierra para implementar MST
- producción incrementada
The approach delivers multiple technologies which enhance production
- reducción de la degradación del suelo
Leads to reduction of soil erosion, destruction of infrastructure, improved green cover
- reducción del riesgo de desastres naturales
There is reduced risk of mudslides and valley bottom flooding which destroy lives, crops, livestock and infrastructure
- carga de trabajo reducida
The terraced areas are easier to work on than slanting slopes
- pagos/ subsidios
The subsidies reduce the initial investment costs
- reglas y reglamentos (multas)/ aplicación
Some of the land users fear to be fined and thus resort to implement the SLM
- prestigio, presión social/ cohesión social
Some of the land users agree on what should be done and adhere to group set regulations
- conciencia medioambiental
Depends on the historical climate trends and creates a sense of appreciating the realities in the occurrences which motivates them to work to curb them down
- conocimiento y capacidades mejorados de MST
Land users trained get motivated to put into practice what has been taught
6.3 Sostenibilidad de las actividades del Enfoque
¿Pueden los usuarios de tierras sostener lo que se implementó mediante el Enfoque (sin apoyo externo)?
- sí
Si respondió que sí, describa cómo:
After learning from the demonstration technologies a number of land users have already adopted the technologies without any external support. It is hoped that this practice will continue after realising the benefits
6.4 Fortalezas/ ventajas del Enfoque
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra |
---|
The approach strengthens the ability of land users coming together and working together |
Increases land users capacity to put resources, which were thought to be useless, to better use |
Creates more opportunities (knock-on effect), for example brick making arising from water retained in the dug percolation pits, silt in percolation pits can be used as manure and construction material like sand, goat rearing from planting hedge rows, manure from goat rearing |
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave |
---|
The approach addresses a wide range of concerns at once for example the social economic and the environmental issues |
It incorporates social and environmental considerations directly into policy and decision making |
It directly involves all stakeholders |
The approach creates a balance between water being used as a resource and at the same time being preserved |
6.5 Debilidades/ desventajas del Enfoque y formas de sobreponerse a ellos
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
---|---|
The approach requires a lot of effort in terms of understanding it and implementing it | Continuous sensitization and training |
Some of the benefits of this approach are long term | Continuous encouragement and exposure to successful areas and incorporating initiatives that realise short term benefits to keep the land users going |
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
---|---|
The approach is complex in the sense that it is multi-sectoral (cuts across agriculture, health, environment, engineering and governance | Creating sharing platforms from the lowest to the highest level which enable continuous learning |
Requires a lot of effort from diverse stakeholders - policy makers, policy enforcers, facilitators and implementers | Exposure of the stakeholders to successful areas helps them to appreciate the approach and adopt it |
7. Referencias y vínculos
7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información
- visitas de campo, encuestas de campo
- entrevistas con usuarios de tierras
- entrevistas con especialistas/ expertos en MST
- compilación de informes y otra documentación existente
Periodic programme reports
7.2 Referencias a publicaciones disponibles
Título, autor, año, ISBN:
Kigezi Diocese Water and Sanitation Programme, IWRM Annual Report (April 2015 - March 2016)
¿Dónde se halla disponible? ¿Costo?
www.kigezi-watsan.ug
7.3 Vínculos a la información relevante disponible en línea
Título/ descripción:
Integrated Water resources Management
URL:
www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/iwrm.shtml
Título/ descripción:
Integrated Water Resources Management in Uganda
URL:
www.mwe.go.ug
Vínculos y módulos
Expandir todo Colapsar todosVínculos
Percolation pits [Uganda]
A percolation pit is an excavation in the ground in the pathway of water runoff to intercept the flow of the water and thereby reduce erosion and destruction of crops, settlements and other infrastructure downstream
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Bench Terracing [Uganda]
A bench terrace is an artificial horizontal strip dug across a steep landscape, with a riser ranging between 30 and 45 degrees. Bench terraces are constructed in series and help to minimize land degradation by rainwater runoff
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Soil and Water Conservation Channels [Uganda]
A soil and water conservation channel is an excavated trench along the contour with tie bands after an interval to trap water and soil which are being washed down the slopes by a downpour
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Farming God's Way [Uganda]
Farming Gods Way is a method of farming which aims to preserve soil structure through minimum tillage, mulching with grass or plant stalks and use of organic manure for improved crop yields.
- Compilador: Philip Tibenderana
Módulos
No se hallaron módulos