Integrated stone wall and poplar tree perimeter fencing [Tayikistán]
- Creación:
- Actualización:
- Compilador: Habib Kamolidinov
- Editor: –
- Revisores: David Streiff, Alexandra Gavilano
technologies_1107 - Tayikistán
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- Integrated stone wall and poplar tree perimeter fencing: 21 de marzo de 2017 (inactive)
- Integrated stone wall and poplar tree perimeter fencing: 23 de julio de 2017 (inactive)
- Integrated stone wall and poplar tree perimeter fencing: 14 de agosto de 2019 (inactive)
- Integrated stone wall and poplar tree perimeter fencing: 2 de noviembre de 2021 (public)
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Expandir todo Colapsar todos1. Información general
1.2 Detalles de contacto de las personas de referencia e instituciones involucradas en la evaluación y la documentación de la Tecnología
Especialista MST:
Nombre de la(s) institución(es) que facilitaron la documentación/ evaluación de la Tecnología (si fuera relevante)
GITEC/ADB/DMC Rural Development Project Land Management Institute - Tayikistán1.3 Condiciones referidas al uso de datos documentados mediante WOCAT
El compilador y la/s persona(s) de referencia claves aceptan las condiciones acerca del uso de los datos documentados mediante WOCAT:
Sí
2. Descripción de la Tecnología MST
2.1 Breve descripción de la Tecnología
Definición de la Tecnología:
Stones cleared from land within a narrow valley floor where flat land is at a premium, was used to construct a perimeter stone wall which was subsequently supplemented with a row of poplar tree to protect an agro-forestry area with small scale supplementary irrigation.
2.2 Descripción detallada de la Tecnología
Descripción:
The area in question is a very narrow, flat valley floor, 95% of which was covered in stones and boulders, and devoid of vegetation, both grass and trees/shrubs. The stones in the area were cleared and used to build a protecting, perimeter wall (approx. 1.5 m high). This was then supplemented by an inner row of fast growing poplar trees. The stone clearing has resulted in deeper soil within the protected area that has led to far greater vegetation coverage, such as grass (that can be cut and used as fodder), forest and orchard trees and vegetable gardens. Irrigation was provided to the area by a small diameter poly pipe from a permanent spring. The area is now being extended to almost double the size of the initial walled agro-forest area.
Purpose of the Technology: The farmer’s primary aim, in initiating and continuing this SLM approach, was to “leave a legacy of improved land” for future generations, recognising how little flat and potentially productive land there is in this high, narrow valley location. Clearing the land of stones and building a walled enclosure that was irrigated greatly assured the quantity and quality of fodder for his animals, as they remain fenced in beside his village home almost all year. Fruit and vegetable production was also greatly improved.
Establishment / maintenance activities and inputs: The family commenced stone clearing and wall construction in 2005. The next task was tree planting; poplar trees were planted around the wall's perimeter. The irrigation source was tapped into using a poly pipe. The vegetable gardens are seasonal and their plants change with the seasons and the family’s needs. Stone removal continues even now, to improve the soil in the walled area. The farmer hopes to extend the walled area in the future.
Natural / human environment: Before the family began clearing stones and building the wall, this land had almost zero productivity. This area has a shortage of cultivated land and with increases in popluation and continued food insecurity, cultivated land is at a premium.
2.3 Fotografías de la Tecnología
2.5 País/ región/ lugares donde la Tecnología fue aplicada y que se hallan comprendidos por esta evaluación
País:
Tayikistán
Región/ Estado/ Provincia:
Central District of Tajikistan
Especifique más el lugar :
Kushon village, Romit Jamoat, Vahdat
Especifique la difusión de la Tecnología:
- distribuida parejamente sobre un área
Si se desconoce el área precisa, indique el área aproximada cubierta:
- < 0.1 km2 (10 ha)
Comentarios:
A small area was all that the family could manage as there was an initial large workload, clearing stones and fence building, etc
Map
×2.6 Fecha de la implementación
Si no se conoce el año preciso, indique la fecha aproximada:
- hace menos de 10 años (recientemente)
2.7 Introducción de la Tecnología
Especifique cómo se introdujo la Tecnología:
- mediante la innovación de usuarios de tierras
Comentarios (tipo de proyecto, etc.):
The initiative began in 2005 and has been ongoing ever since, it continues to improve, at least up to 2010 when reviewed.
3. Clasificación de la Tecnología MST
3.1 Propósito(s) principal(es) de la Tecnología MST
- increase size of agrictultural land
3.2 Tipo(s) actuales de uso de la tierra donde se aplica la Tecnología
Mezcla de tipos de uso de tierras dentro de la misma unidad de tierras: :
Sí
Especifique el uso combinado de tierras (cultivos/ pastoreo/ árboles):
- Agroforestería
Tierras cultivadas
- Cosecha anual
- Cultivos perennes (no leñosos)
- Cosecha de árboles y arbustos
Cultivos de matorrales y arbustos - Especifique cultivos:
- frutas de hueso (durazno, albaricoque, cerezos, ciruelas, etc)
- frutas de pepita (manzanas, peras, membrillo, etc.)
Número de temporadas de cultivo por año:
- 1
Especifique:
Longest growing period in days: 180Longest growing period from month to month: April to September
Tierra de pastoreo
Tipo de animal:
- ganado - lechero
- ovejas
Bosques
Productos y servicios:
- Leña
- Frutos y nueces
- Otros productos forestales
Comentarios:
Major land use problems (compiler’s opinion): This area is strongly dependent on the extremely limited flat, valley bottom land for the production of pasture, 'cut and carry' fodder, orchards and vegetable production. 95% of this land is covered in stones that require removal before any productive capacity can be achieved. Even when cleared of stones the soil is still very shallow (< 20cm) and requires irrigation to ensure plants survive the hot summer months
Major land use problems (land users’ perception): Same – the above words were used by him in the on-farm interview
Cut-and-carry/ zero grazing: sheep/cattle
Plantation forestry: The Poplar trees they planted are pruned and thinned for firewood and construction materials
Other type of forest: orchard species: Apple, Apricot, Cherry
Forest products and services: timber, fuelwood, fruits and nuts
Future (final) land use (after implementation of SLM Technology): Grazing land: Gi: Intensive grazing/ fodder production
3.3 ¿Cambió el uso de tierras debido a la implementación de la Tecnología?
¿Cambió el uso de tierras debido a la implementación de la Tecnología?
- Sí (Por favor responda las preguntas de abajo referidas al uso de la tierra antes de implementar la Tecnología)
Tierra de pastoreo
Otros
Especifique:
wastelands, deserts, glaciers, swamps, recreation areas, etc
3.4 Provisión de agua
Provisión de agua para la tierra donde se aplica la Tecnología:
- mixta de secano – irrigada
3.5 Grupo MST al que pertenece la Tecnología
- agroforestería
- cobertura de suelo/ vegetal mejorada
3.6 Medidas MST que componen la Tecnología
medidas agronómicas
- A1: vegetación/ cubierta del suelo
medidas vegetativas
- V1: Cubierta de árboles y arbustos
- V2: Pastos y plantas herbáceas perennes
medidas estructurales
- S6: Muros, barreras, vallas, cercas
medidas de manejo
- M1: Cambio de tipo de uso de la tierra
- M2: Cambio de gestión/ nivel de intensidad
- M3: disposición de acuerdo al entorno natural y humano
- M4: Cambios significativos en la programación de las actividades
- M5: Control/ cambio de composición de las especies
Comentarios:
Main measures: agronomic measures, vegetative measures, structural measures, management measures
Type of agronomic measures: better crop cover, mixed cropping / intercropping, cover cropping, retaining more vegetation cover, furrows (drainage, irrigation)
Type of vegetative measures: aligned: -along boundary, in blocks
3.7 Principales tipos de degradación del suelo encarados con la Tecnología
erosión de suelos por agua
- Wt: pérdida de capa arable/ erosión de la superficie
degradación biológica
- Bc: reducción de la cobertura vegetal del suelo
- Bh: pérdida de hábitats
- Bq: reducción de la cantidad/ biomasa
- Bl: pérdida de la vida del suelo
Comentarios:
Main type of degradation addressed: Wt: loss of topsoil / surface erosion, Bc: reduction of vegetation cover, Bh: loss of habitats, Bq: quantity / biomass decline, Bl: loss of soil life
Secondary causes of degradation: land tenure (The lack of good quality available land puts pressure on the lower grade land.), poverty / wealth (People still need land to harvest to survive.)
3.8 Prevención, reducción o restauración de la degradación del suelo
Especifique la meta de la Tecnología con relación a la degradación de la tierra:
- restaurar/ rehabilitar tierra severamente degradada
Comentarios:
Secondary goals: prevention of land degradation, mitigation / reduction of land degradation
4. Especificaciones técnicas, actividades de implementación, insumos y costos
4.1 Dibujo técnico de la Tecnología
Especificaciones técnicas (relacionadas al dibujo técnico):
The drawing shows a 1.5m high stone wall, lined with poplar trees on a gentle slope. The site is located in the valley floor and has access to a naturally occuring spring. The enclosed land is now used mainly for fodder production, intercropped with fruit trees and vegetable patches.
Location: Khatlon province. Kushon village, Romit jamoat, Vahdat raion
Date: 21.04.2011
Technical knowledge required for land users: high (The farmer has a good understanding of farming techniques.)
Main technical functions: improvement of ground cover, improvement of topsoil structure (compaction), increase in organic matter, increase in nutrient availability (supply, recycling,…), increase of infiltration, increase / maintain water stored in soil, increase of biomass (quantity), promotion of vegetation species and varieties (quality, eg palatable fodder)
Secondary technical functions: control of dispersed runoff: impede / retard, reduction of slope angle, reduction of slope length, improvement of subsoil structure (hardpan), stabilisation of soil (eg by tree roots against land slides), increase of groundwater level / recharge of groundwater, reduction in wind speed, spatial arrangement and diversification of land use
Better crop cover
Material/ species: Perennial pasture (grass) for fodder
Quantity/ density: 100 %
Remarks: covers 1.3 ha
Mixed cropping / intercropping
Material/ species: Forest and orchard trees with fodder grasses and vegetable gardens
Quantity/ density: 100
Remarks: dramatically increased
Cover cropping
Material/ species: Perennial grass is the cover crop
Quantity/ density: 100
Remarks: dramatically increased
Retaining more vegetation cover
Material/ species: Land previously bare and stony
Quantity/ density: 100
Remarks: vegetation cover increased
Furrows (drainage, irrigation)
Material/ species: Irrigation via hand cut 20cm cube ditches and poly pipe from nearby spring
Agronomic measure: Stone removal and clearance
Aligned: -along boundary
Vegetative material: T : trees / shrubs
Number of plants per (ha): 1200
Spacing between rows / strips / blocks (m): 1 m
In blocks
Vegetative material: F : fruit trees / shrubs
Number of plants per (ha): 60% cover
Vertical interval between rows / strips / blocks (m): About 0.5 ha planted
Trees/ shrubs species: Poplar trees - planted
Fruit trees / shrubs species: Apple, cherry, apricot - planted
Grass species: Grass - natural
Other species: Vegetable garden - planted
Slope (which determines the spacing indicated above): 0.00%
Wall/ barrier
Vertical interval between structures (m): Wall around area
Height of bunds/banks/others (m): 1.5
Width of bunds/banks/others (m): 0.7
Length of bunds/banks/others (m): 500
Construction material (stone): Stone wall – from stones removed from within area
Lateral gradient along the structure: 3 degrees%
Autor:
Des Mcgarry, Land Management Institute, Giprozem 15, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
4.2 Información general sobre el cálculo de insumos y costos
otra / moneda nacional (especifique):
somoni
Si fuera relevante, indique la tasa de cambio de dólares americanos a la moneda local (ej. 1 U$ = 79.9 Reales Brasileros): 1 U$ =:
4,5
Indique el costo promedio del salario de trabajo contratado por día:
4.50
4.3 Actividades de establecimiento
Actividad | Momento (estación) | |
---|---|---|
1. | Stone clearing | On initial set up |
2. | Wall building | On initial set up |
3. | Tree planting | annually |
4. | Irrigation pipe | On initial set up |
5. | Vegetable garden | annually |
4.4 Costos e insumos necesarios para el establecimiento
Especifique insumo | Unidad | Cantidad | Costos por unidad | Costos totales por insumo | % de los costos cubiertos por los usuarios de las tierras | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mano de obra | Stone clearing | Persons/day | 15,0 | 50,0 | 750,0 | 100,0 |
Mano de obra | Wall building | Persons/day | 15,0 | 50,0 | 750,0 | 100,0 |
Mano de obra | Tree planting | Persons/day | 10,0 | 25,0 | 250,0 | 100,0 |
Mano de obra | Vegetable garden | Persons/day | 20,0 | 15,0 | 300,0 | 100,0 |
Equipo | Tools | Pieces | 6,0 | 16,66666666 | 100,0 | 100,0 |
Material para plantas | Trees | Pieces | 100,0 | 10,0 | 1000,0 | 100,0 |
Material para plantas | Plants for vegetable garden | - | 1,0 | 450,0 | 450,0 | 100,0 |
Material de construcción | Irrigation pipe | meter | 700,0 | 3,0 | 2100,0 | 100,0 |
Material de construcción | Wall | meter | 500,0 | 7,0 | 3500,0 | 100,0 |
Costos totales para establecer la Tecnología | 9200,0 | |||||
Costos totales para establecer la Tecnología en USD | 2044,44 |
Comentarios:
Duration of establishment phase: 12 month(s)
4.5 Actividades de establecimiento/ recurrentes
Actividad | Momento/ frequencia | |
---|---|---|
1. | Stone clearing | Annually |
2. | Vegetable garden | Annually |
3. | Tree planting | Annually |
4. | Animal husbandry | Annually |
5. | Fertilising and cultivating (garden vegetables) | Annually |
6. | Tree planting | Annually |
7. | Vegetable planting | Seasonally |
8. | random stone removal | Annual |
4.6 Costos e insumos necesarios para actividades de mantenimiento/ recurrentes (por año)
Especifique insumo | Unidad | Cantidad | Costos por unidad | Costos totales por insumo | % de los costos cubiertos por los usuarios de las tierras | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mano de obra | Stone clearing | Persons/day | 10,0 | 25,0 | 250,0 | 100,0 |
Mano de obra | Vegetable garden | Persons/day | 50,0 | 25,0 | 1250,0 | 100,0 |
Mano de obra | Tree planting | Persons/day | 20,0 | 15,0 | 300,0 | 100,0 |
Mano de obra | Animal husbandry | Persons/day | 40,0 | 15,0 | 600,0 | 100,0 |
Otros | Labour: Fertilising and cultivating | Persons/day | 20,0 | 15,0 | 300,0 | 100,0 |
Otros | Labour: Random stone removal | Persons/day | 10,0 | 15,0 | 150,0 | 100,0 |
Indique los costos totales para mantenecer la Tecnología | 2850,0 | |||||
Costos totales para mantener la Tecnología en USD | 633,33 |
Comentarios:
Machinery/ tools: All works done manually., all done manually, All work done manually.
Wall – length; all money spent in first 1 or 2 years
Trees – per unit tree; initial start up and annual costs, now ongoing.
Vegetable seeds – per packet, annually
4.7 Factores más determinantes que afectan los costos:
Describa los factores más determinantes que afectan los costos:
The human labour costs involving the family were nothing as they willingly gave of their time to clear the land and build the wall, plant trees and create vegetable gardens. The real labour cost were the few days when the farmer paid 3 men to help build the wall.
The cost of the wall cost was also nothing as all materials came from on site.
Trees – there was an initial start up cost and the farmer said he tries to plant at least 20 new trees each year to maintain and enhance productivity
Grasses (fodder) – are self regenerating and local. The farmer has never bought grass seed or used fertiliser on the grass
5. Entorno natural y humano
5.1 Clima
Lluvia anual
- < 250 mm
- 251-500 mm
- 501-750 mm
- 751-1,000 mm
- 1,001-1,500 mm
- 1,501-2,000 mm
- 2,001-3,000 mm
- 3,001-4,000 mm
- > 4,000 mm
Especificaciones/ comentarios sobre la cantidad de lluvia:
Dominate in Spring (March-May) The period June to September is very hot and dry (almost no rain).
Zona agroclimática
- semi-árida
Thermal climate class: temperate
5.2 Topografía
Pendientes en promedio:
- plana (0-2 %)
- ligera (3-5%)
- moderada (6-10%)
- ondulada (11-15%)
- accidentada (16-30%)
- empinada (31-60%)
- muy empinada (>60%)
Formaciones telúricas:
- meseta/ planicies
- cordilleras
- laderas montañosas
- laderas de cerro
- pies de monte
- fondo del valle
Zona altitudinal:
- 0-100 m s.n.m.
- 101-500 m s.n.m.
- 501-1,000 m s.n.m
- 1,001-1,500 m s.n.m
- 1,501-2,000 m s.n.m
- 2,001-2,500 m s.n.m
- 2,501-3,000 m s.n.m
- 3,001-4,000 m s.n.m
- > 4,000 m s.n.m
Comentarios y especificaciones adicionales sobre topografía :
Altitudinal zone: The centre of the site is at 1,305 meters a.s.l
Landforms: The site is slightly sloped, north to south.
5.3 Suelos
Profundidad promedio del suelo:
- muy superficial (0-20 cm)
- superficial (21-50 cm)
- moderadamente profunda (51-80 cm)
- profunda (81-120 cm)
- muy profunda (>120 cm)
Textura del suelo (capa arable):
- mediana (limosa)
Materia orgánica de capa arable:
- elevada (>3%)
Si se halla disponible, adjunte una descripción completa de los suelos o especifique la información disponible, por ej., tipo de suelo, pH/ acidez de suelo, capacidad de intercambio catiónico, nitrógeno, salinidad, etc. :
Soil depth on average: Before intervention the soil was <1cm in depth. Now 20-30cm average depth.
Soil texture: Loess soil – silty loam
Soil fertility is high and with proper management/intervention these soils are very fertile. Before the intervention they were virtually infertile.
Topsoil organic matter is medium with intervention (<1% before).
Soil drainage / infiltration is medium
Soil water storage capacity is medium because loess soils are low in clay (high in silt) – so have moderate PAWC.
5.4 Disponibilidad y calidad de agua
Agua subterránea:
5-50 m
Disponibilidad de aguas superficiales:
bueno
Calidad de agua (sin tratar):
agua potable de buena calidad
Comentarios y especificaciones adicionales sobre calidad y cantidad de agua:
Availability of surface water: Also medium
Water quality (untreated): The spring water is almost pure water
5.5 Biodiversidad
Diversidad de especies:
- mediana
5.6 Las características de los usuarios de la tierra que aplican la Tecnología
Orientación del mercado del sistema de producción:
- subsistencia (autoprovisionamiento)
Ingresos no agrarios:
- 10-50% de todo el ingreso
Nivel relativo de riqueza:
- pobre
Individuos o grupos:
- individual/ doméstico
Nivel de mecanización:
- trabajo manual
Género:
- hombres
Indique otras características relevantes de los usuarios de las tierras:
Land users applying the Technology are mainly common / average land users
Difference in the involvement of women and men: Not a large difference. The farmer’s wife shares the workload but tends to focus more on the garden, fruit production, household duties and bee keeping. The farmer conducts hay cutting and gathering, stone removal, fence upkeep and animal tending (feeding and slaughtering when required).
Population density: < 10 persons/km2
Annual population growth: 1% - 2%
100% of the land users are poor.
Off-farm income specification: The issue is that the older and the very young family members (ie the farmer and his wife are in their late 50s ) stay on the farm. The rest (18 to 50 yrs ) have paid employment in Dushanbe and Russia, and only visit the farm, occasionally. However, it is believed they part-finance (contribute) to the upkeep of the family farm.
Market orientation of production system: All of the farm produce stays on the farm for home consumption, but they do eat well and very healthy (fresh and organic) food. Their cattle are also well fed and healthy .
5.7 Área promedio de la tierra usada por usuarios de tierra que aplican la Tecnología
- < 0.5 ha
- 0.5-1 ha
- 1-2 ha
- 2-5 ha
- 5-15 ha
- 15-50 ha
- 50-100 ha
- 100-500 ha
- 500-1,000 ha
- 1,000-10,000 ha
- > 10,000 ha
¿Esto se considera de pequeña, mediana o gran escala (refiriéndose al contexto local)?
- pequeña escala
Comentarios:
Average area of land owned or leased by land users applying the Technology: Is 1.5 ha
5.8 Tenencia de tierra, uso de tierra y derechos de uso de agua
Tenencia de tierra:
- estado
- This is jamoat land (local village land). The farmer has no certificate but is now applying for one
- This is jamoat land (local village land). The farmer has no certificate but is now applying for one
Comentarios:
Not yet an issue – as he is the only one with access to the spring water
5.9 Acceso a servicios e infraestructura
salud:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
educación:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
asistencia técnica:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
empleo (ej. fuera de la granja):
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
mercados:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
energía:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
caminos y transporte:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
agua potable y saneamiento:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
servicios financieros:
- pobre
- moderado
- bueno
6. Impactos y comentarios para concluir
6.1 Impactos in situ demostrados por la Tecnología
Impactos socioeconómicos
Producción
producción de cultivo
Comentarios/ especifique:
Before the Technology this land was almost 95% covered in rocks with almost zero carrying capacity, no productivity and no water supply. So the % increase as a result of the Technology is all related to this increase from nothing.
producción de forraje
calidad de forraje
producción animal
Cantidad antes de MST:
2
producción de madera
riesgo de fracaso de producción
diversidad de producto
área de producción
manejo de tierras
generación de energía
Disponibilidad y calidad de agua
disponibilidad de agua potable
disponibilidad de agua para ganado
disponibilidad de agua para irrigar
Ingreso y costos
gastos en insumos agrícolas
ingreso agrario
diversidad de fuentes de ingreso
carga de trabajo
Impactos socioculturales
seguridad alimentaria/ autosuficiencia
situación de salud
MST/ conocimiento de la degradación del suelo
Livelihood and human well-being
Comentarios/ especifique:
The primary aim of the farmer in introducing the technology was to improve the family’s lifestyle (livelihoods) and well being. He has easily achieved this and it seems to be getting better, year on year.
Impactos ecológicos
Ciclo de agua/ escurrimiento de sedimento
cantidad de agua
calidad de agua
cosecha/ recolección de agua
escurrimiento superficial
drenaje de agua en exceso
evaporación
Suelo
humedad del suelo
cubierta del suelo
pérdida de suelo
encostramiento/ sellado de suelo
compactación de suelo
ciclo/ recarga de nutrientes
Biodiversidad: vegetación, animales
biomasa/ sobre suelo C
diversidad vegetal
Otros impactos ecológicos
Hazard towards adverse events
6.2 Impactos fuera del sitio demostrados por la Tecnología
disponibilidad de agua
capacidad de amortiguación/ filtrado
6.3 Exposición y sensibilidad de la Tecnología al cambio climático gradual y a extremos relacionados al clima/ desastres (desde la percepción de los usuarios de tierras)
Cambio climático gradual
Cambio climático gradual
Estación | Incremento o reducción | ¿Cómo es que la tecnología soporta esto? | |
---|---|---|---|
temperatura anual | incrementó | bien |
Extremos (desastres) relacionados al clima
Desastres climatológicos:
¿Cómo es que la tecnología soporta esto? | |
---|---|
tormenta de lluvia local | bien |
tormenta de viento | bien |
Desastres climatológicos
¿Cómo es que la tecnología soporta esto? | |
---|---|
sequía | bien |
Desastres hidrológicos
¿Cómo es que la tecnología soporta esto? | |
---|---|
inundación general (río) | no se sabe |
Otras consecuencias relacionadas al clima
Otras consecuencias relacionadas al clima
¿Cómo es que la tecnología soporta esto? | |
---|---|
periodo reducido de crecimiento | bien |
Comentarios:
The Technology (stone clearing, wall building, tree planting, vegetable production and grass (fodder) production) is vastly more tolerant to extremes of climate than what existed before.
6.4 Análisis costo-beneficio
¿Cómo se comparan los beneficios con los costos de establecimiento (desde la perspectiva de los usuarios de tierra)?
Ingresos a corto plazo:
muy positivo
Ingresos a largo plazo:
muy positivo
¿Cómo se comparan los beneficios con los costos de mantenimiento/ recurrentes (desde la perspectiva de los usuarios de tierra)?
Ingresos a corto plazo:
muy positivo
Ingresos a largo plazo:
muy positivo
Comentarios:
The establishment and ongoing costs are very small compared to the returns both long and short term gained from introducing the Technology
6.5 Adopción de la Tecnología
- casos individuales / experimentales
Si tiene la información disponible, cuantifique (número de hogares y/o área cubierta):
1 household
De todos quienes adoptaron la Tecnología, ¿cuántos lo hicieron espontáneamente, por ej. sin recibir nada de incentivos/ materiales:
- 91-100%
Comentarios:
100% of land user families have adopted the Technology without any external material suppor
Comments on spontaneous adoption: Unsure how many such walled agro-forests are in this region. Would need to consult with Jamoat leader. There are quite a few walled areas. But unsure about the number and content (ie technologies inside).
There is a little trend towards spontaneous adoption of the Technology
Comments on adoption trend: There seem to be quite a few enclosures in this area – but we have not conducted a formal survey.
6.7 Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades de la Tecnología
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra |
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As above, as these words were transcribed during the farmer interview, on site. |
Fuerzas/ ventajas/ oportunidades desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave |
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The stone clearing and wall building underpins the whole SLM initiative. That it was achieved by only 3 or 4 people, in under a year and at such a low cost (with minimal paid labour) adds to the strengths. The wall is also critical to keep animals out of this now richly vegetated area, not only sheep and goats but also wild pigs and even wolves. The stone clearing “created” soil which is critical for all the vegetation growth within the walled area. How can they be sustained / enhanced? The farmer is in the process of expanding the stone cleared area, and is using the stone to build a larger perimeter fence, aiming for a larger plot of 2 or 3 ha. |
Bringing water to the site (at his own cost) by poly pipe was a critical part to the technology. The walled agro-forestry area would have struggled without this extra and constant water supply – as the soil is so shallow (all the rock remains below the soil surface). Now he can have good fodder grass, trees, orchard and vegetables with a guarenteed regular supply. Getting the plants and trees through the hot summer months is the key use of the water. How can they be sustained / enhanced? The farmer wishes to source a 2nd spring to water the extended (2 - 3 ha) site. |
The rich mix of vegetation on the site (trees, perennial grasses and vegetable production) not only ensures the intervention remains viable but also ensures a continuous, rich, healthy food supply to the family and their animals year round. How can they be sustained / enhanced? The farmer has already started to plant new fruit trees outside the original walled area, in readiness for moving the fence to encompass a 2 -3 ha site. |
6.8 Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos de la Tecnología y formas de sobreponerse a ellos
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del usuario de la tierra | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
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As above; as these were the sentiments of the farmer during the on site interview. |
Debilidades/ desventajas/ riesgos desde la perspectiva del compilador o de otra persona de referencia clave | ¿Cómo sobreponerse a ellas? |
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None really. What the farmer has achieved is most impressive. Particularly as his Technologies were all self-financed and conducted slowly and carefully, hence with no financial burden to the family and no interruption or lessening of their food supply. | If costs / budget permit (unlikely) to bring some power-type assistance to stone removal (like a small tractor) or a solar powered pump to increase irrigation water pressure. However, the farmer may not wish to be reliant on such items, as if they breakdown, his whole enterprise (currently so successful) may suffer. |
7. Referencias y vínculos
7.1 Métodos/ fuentes de información
7.2 Vínculos a las publicaciones disponibles
Título, autor, año, ISBN:
There is no relevant documentation
Vínculos y módulos
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No hay vínculos
Módulos
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