Brève description de la meilleure pratique

In the first call of meeting, very few farmers turned up and showed no interest in dealing with the office staff. They disappeared just after a very short talk of about half an hour. After four/five uncalled visits and informal talks about the Sukauri-khola micro-watershed management, the farmers were found a bit motivated. They started discussing about their socioeconomic and environmental problems. The community was mobilized conducting several meeting/workshops. “Sukauri-khola Soil Conservation Users’ Group” was formed in coordination with District Soil Conservation Office, Nuwakot. Necessary rules and regulations were formulated in order to run the users' group. Soil conservation and watershed management activities; were applied such as (i) reclamation of degraded land by planting surface grass, fodder grasses/trees; (ii) gully and landslide treatment by constructing gabion check dams/loose stone check dams/brushwood check dams; and (iii) fruit trees plantation both on the community and private lands were implemented; (iv) community fund/revolving fund was established in the nearby bank; (v) coordination was made with JICA/NEPAL for PNC (Pipe-Net-Concrete) BLOCK for gully head plugging. This collaboration with the community entirely improved the environmental condition of the micro-watershed and become a productive area.

Site

Bidur Municipality, Ward no. 7, Nuwakot, District, Nepal

Brève description de l’environnement naturel du site

The upper layer of the soil profile on the Tar is red (laterite soil), which is usually found under the Sal forest with sub-layer mixed with gravel. The water holding capacity of the soil is very poor with very low fertility.
The climate is Sub-tropical. More than eighty-five percent of the annual rainfall occurs in monsoon during June to September. Mean annual precipitation is 2062 mm. Mean annual temperature ranges from 2o C–35o C.
Most of the land is (rainfed upland) with outward sloping terraces

Conditions socio-économiques dominantes des personnes vivant sur ou à proximité du site

The average land holding of the occupants is 0.07 to 0.56 hectare. Land is private ownership with use right. Similarly, public land is under the title of government, however, community have right to manage and use.
Agricultural produces and labor wages are the main sources of income.
The occupants are daily wage-labors. The rate of labor wage is US$ 3.48/day.

Sur la base de quel critère/indicateur(s) (sans relation avec la stratégie) la pratique proposée et technologie correspondante ont-elles été considérées comme « meilleures »?

The best practice applied have multiple benefits and considered best because of the following achievements:
1. Community empowering and mobilization
2. Soil erosion minimization
3. Income generation, and  
4. Coordination

Principaux problèmes abordés par la meilleure pratique

1. Gully plugging
2. Degraded land rehabilitation

Décrivez les principaux problèmes liés à la dégradation des terres abordés par la meilleure pratique

More than 10 hectares of slope agriculture land was degraded due to continuous soil erosion. Deforestation was caused due to uncontrolled cutting of forest. Gully heads approaching to the community houses was developed. The lands became useless for agricultural practices.  

Précisez les objectifs de la meilleure pratique

1.To increase people’s awareness and improve development perception in the resource-poor farmers;   
2.To minimize/control soil erosion problems in the micro-watershed;
3.To improve present land use system of the micro-watershed; and
4.To increase the family income of the stakeholders through agriculture based income-generating activities

Brève description des principales activités, par objectif

1. Terrace improvement
2. Avoid intensive tillage
3. Contour cultivation
1.Plantation of fruits like mango, litchi, jack fruit, and guava
2.Asparagus cultivation
3.Introduction of stall-fed goat farming
4.providing skill trainings to women like sewing training  
1. Contour trenching
2. Surface grass plantation
3. Gully plugging by check-dam construction         
1. Formal/informal meeting/workshops
2. Farmers' to farmers' visit
3. Farmers' training
4. women's training

Brève description et caractéristiques techniques de la technologie

This best practice was developed under a community user group soil conservation and watershed management initiatives launched by the department of Soil Conservation and Watershed manage. District Soil Conservation Office which is a government institution is making collaboration with community user group to implement these activities under this best practice.

Nom et adresse de l’institution développant la technologie

District Soil Conservation Office|Bidur, Nuwakot District, Nepal

La technologie a-t-elle été développée en partenariat ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des partenaires :

1.JICA/NEPAL
2.PEACE CORPS-NEPAL Volunteer
Community User Group

Précisez le cadre de promotion de la technologie

• Initiative locale
• Initiative nationale – gouvernementale

La participation des parties prenantes locales, y compris des OSC, a-t-elle été recherchée au cours du développement de la technologie ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des parties prenantes locales:

1. Soil Conservation Users' Group
2. Women's Group

Précisez le rôle des parties prenantes ci-dessus dans la conception, l’introduction, l’utilisation et la maintenance de la technologie, le cas échéant.

1. Collection of local materials used for check-dam construction
2. Earthwork excavation for construction
3. Surface grass plantation
4. Fruit tree/fodder tree plantation

La population vivant sur ou à proximité du site a-t-elle été impliquée dans le développement de la technologie?

Oui

Par quels moyens?

• Approches participatives

Décrivez les impacts sur site (les deux principaux impacts par catégorie)

1. Soil fertility improved
2. Asparagus production started
3. vegetable farming practiced
4. Fruit production
1. Stop gully head expansion
2. Flow of relatively clean water in the gully
1.More children started going to school
2.Community started save money in the revolving fund and use for income generation activities
3.Reduced number of liquor drunkard  which reduced fight among themselves
1. control of soil erosion
2. Development of fruit garden
3. Increased number of wild animals, and birds

Décrivez les deux principaux impacts hors site (dans les environs)

1.Reduced deposition of debris flowing downstream of the gullies
2.Increases the soil nutrients and moisture in the cultivated land.
Increased production.

Impact sur la biodiversité et le changement climatique

Décrivez:

Implementation of this best practice has significant helped to improve the trees and biomass in the area. Similarly, soil erosion and nutrient loss of reduced that helped to grow crops and increase production. Farmers were able to plant asparagus, vegetables and fruit in the wasted lands from which their household income increased.Bo-diversity of the area was increased. all these result clearly shows that it has made good contribution in climate change adaptation at community level.
Because of unreliable occurrence of monsoon rainfall in the area the farmers could not be able to grow sufficient food grains.    

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée?

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée? :

Non

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites?

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites? :

Non

Des mesures d’incitation ont-elles été mises en place pour faciliter le lancement de la technologie?

Des mesures d’incitation ont-elles été mises en place pour faciliter le lancement de la technologie?

Oui

Précisez le type de mesure d’incitation:

• Mesures d’incitation financières (telles que des taux préférentiels, aide d’État, subventions, dons, prêts, etc.)

Pouvez-vous identifier les trois principales conditions ayant favorisé la réussite de la meilleure pratique/technologie présentée?

Participatory process
Well structured community organization
Good collaboration and coordination among GOs and local community

Réplication

Selon vous, la meilleure pratique/technologie proposée peut-elle reproduite, y compris avec un certain degré d’adaptation?

Oui

Si oui, à quel niveau?

• Local
• Sous-national
• National

Liées aux ressources humaines

1.The community people must be kept in trust
2.Each people of the community must be given an opportunity to participate in decision making process

Liées aux aspects techniques

1.Locally available construction materials and community knowledge should be used
2.Local people should trained as resource person for the future works