Brève description de la meilleure pratique

Water harvesting in nallah through series of gabion and check dams ensured availability of surface water till December and perched water in shallow dug wells throughout the year. Water availability led to regular cultivation of crops, increased fodder availability and brought prosperity to the farmers. Regular awakening of farmer to ever changing climatic conditions and regularity in income from permanent tree cover prompted farmers to grow fruit trees in site fields and teak bamboo, Kumat on field bunds.|

Site

Garhkundar-Dabar Watershed in tehsil Niwari, Distt. Tikamgarh (MP) in Central India in semi-arid tropics |

Brève description de l’environnement naturel du site

Undulating with multidirectional complex slopes.  Average slope in crop lands (1-5%), hillocks steep, community lands with 3-7% slope.  Nallahtraverse across the watershed.|
Shallow gravelly and soil with rocky  hillocks sand witched
Semi-arid sub-tropical  wise 750-1150 mm rainfall

Conditions socio-économiques dominantes des personnes vivant sur ou à proximité du site

Farming, Farming + Dairying and agricultural laborers are major occupation for income |
Mixed farming community dominated by OBC, SC & ST (90%) with small and marginal holdings size.  Mostly poor people with less than ` 20,000/- per annum income.|
Mostly privately owned land either through purchase or patta from Panchayat.

Sur la base de quel critère/indicateur(s) (sans relation avec la stratégie) la pratique proposée et technologie correspondante ont-elles été considérées comme « meilleures »?

This was only technology which could enhance adoption of agroforestry (tree plantation on crop lands) otherwise knowing well the benefits of agroforestry, farmers do not readily adopt. |

Principaux problèmes abordés par la meilleure pratique

Agriculture productivity|Drinking water|Poverty

Décrivez les principaux problèmes liés à la dégradation des terres abordés par la meilleure pratique

Soil erosion in semi-arid tropics which lead to low production on account of low fertility and water holding capacity.Poor ground—water availability limits crop production and drinking water supply.

Précisez les objectifs de la meilleure pratique

Increase water availability for drinking and crop production.|Increase permanent vegetal cover. |Increase and stabilize productivity and profitability from farming.

Brève description des principales activités, par objectif

Reducing run off and soil loss through gabions, check dams, khadins and field boundary. |
Demonstration of improved package of practices of crop production under agroforestry system and maintaining changes in crop production, income of farmers.|
Plantation in side field or in field boundary under agroforestry systems.

Brève description et caractéristiques techniques de la technologie

Depending upon catchment landuse slopes, gabions of 3x1x1 m size were used in first and 2nd order stream.  Check dams were constructed in 3rd& 4th order streams.  The size of structure varied as per area, landuse and slope.  Marginal bunding was done along nallah to check silt inflow.  Khadins were used to check nallah encroachment into agricultural land.  Fruit plants were planted in side field while timber trees on field bunds.   |

Nom et adresse de l’institution développant la technologie

National Research Centre for Agroforestry|Jhansi-Gwalior Road
Near Pahuj Dam
Jhansi-284003 (Uttar Pradesh)

La technologie a-t-elle été développée en partenariat ?

Non

La participation des parties prenantes locales, y compris des OSC, a-t-elle été recherchée au cours du développement de la technologie ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des parties prenantes locales:

W/s dwellers were involved through constitution of W/s association in planning and execution of work. The idea was to inculcate belongingness into dwellers mindset for created asset.

Précisez le rôle des parties prenantes ci-dessus dans la conception, l’introduction, l’utilisation et la maintenance de la technologie, le cas échéant.

Stakeholders (watershed association and common dwellers) were consulted before finalizing site of check dam, crop demonstration, plantation etc. They were involved in construction, planting activity etc. Awakening was done through continuous personal contact, Kisanmela etc. |

Décrivez les impacts sur site (les deux principaux impacts par catégorie)

Due to water availability, greenery increased, crop fields are bunded and leveled to large extent. Field bunds are well sodded. |
Productivity increased by 20-60% across the crops and cropping intensity from 69-161%. Area under crops (rabi)
Increased by 3 times and kharif by 4 times.
Self-help Group of women accrued assets & case work ` 75000/- within 4 years and become self-reliant.
Socio economic level increased as visible from addition of 61 pucca room construction, 30 diesel pumps, 3 tractors, 1 motor cycle. School going children particularly girl child increased. Migration greatly reduced.|

Décrivez les deux principaux impacts hors site (dans les environs)

Surrounding farmers are awakened and demanding from their leadership for similar project Ber top working has been adopted by outside w/s dwellers. For the purpose they hired skilled man power from project area on payment.  

Impact sur la biodiversité et le changement climatique

Décrivez:

Biodiversity of crops during rabi (main cropping season) has reduced while that in summer crops has increased. Diversity of permanent vegetation has also increased. The area is more climate resilient due to water management and plantation activity.

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée?

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée? :

Oui

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites?

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites? :

Oui

Pouvez-vous identifier les trois principales conditions ayant favorisé la réussite de la meilleure pratique/technologie présentée?

Transparency in implementation knowledge of work sphere consistent motivation of dwellers.

Réplication

Selon vous, la meilleure pratique/technologie proposée peut-elle reproduite, y compris avec un certain degré d’adaptation?

Oui

Si oui, à quel niveau?

• Local

Liées aux ressources humaines

Capacity building resulted in quality work.
|Institution building benefitted common man including women & marginalized group.

Liées aux aspects techniques

Technical expertise available in the country.|Technology needs to be constantly upgraded.|Technological flexibility as per site conditions is required.