Brève description de la meilleure pratique

The practice consisted in the purification and innovative refinement of the urban wastewate for agriculture reuse. In the summer 2009, the purified and refined water was in fact distributed for free to farmers for irrigation purposes.
The project for the application of the practice was drawn up on the initiative of the municipality of Ostuni and financed by the region of Apulia in the context of CE FESR funds for the period 1994-1999. The practice was born following the water crisis due to prolonged drought, that took place between mid-1980s and early 1990s, that caused a reduction of the availability of water collected in reservoirs and a high increasing in the use of groundwater. Consequently, the need to find new sources of water for agricultural uses strongly emerged and the reuse of reclaimed wastewater aimed to contribute to this need.
The development of the practice was facilitated also by the involvement of the local community with the Environmental Forum organized within the Agenda 21 activities. The Forum was managed in the form of a participatory platform and one of the main priorities identified for the development of the local territory was the conservation of the secular olive trees.|

Site

Ostuni, Apulia|

Si le lieu a des limites clairement définies, spécifier son extension en hectare:

150.0

Estimation de la population vivant sur le site:

32507.0

Brève description de l’environnement naturel du site

The climate is typically semi-arid Mediterranean. In the Ostuni municipality, the annual maximum temperatures range between 13 and 31°C, minimum temperatures 4 and 19 °C. Average annual rainfall is 550 mm. |

Conditions socio-économiques dominantes des personnes vivant sur ou à proximité du site

The average per capita GDP in the Ostuni area (19.600 Euro) is higher of the Apulia average (17.513 Euro) and lower than the average country value ( 30.680 Euro)  (year 2008).
Land tenure is essentially private.

Sur la base de quel critère/indicateur(s) (sans relation avec la stratégie) la pratique proposée et technologie correspondante ont-elles été considérées comme « meilleures »?

The practice was considered as 'best' mainly on the basis of the analysis of its efficacy. The agricultural reuse of the municipal reclaimed wastewater, although applied at a small scale and only for one year, may be considered potentially efficient because it increased the productivity of olive trees and responded to the need to provide an irrigation source which could be an alternative to water outflow from private wells. Moreover, the availability of the reclaimed wastewater for irrigation stimulated some farmers to grow horticultural crops, thus, potentially increasing the farming income.
The economic efficiency and the effectiveness of the practice were not evaluated since it was applied for one single year. However, the municipality of Ostuni aims to reiterate the experience in the next years, but under payment request to farmers who whish to have access to the wastewater.|

Principaux problèmes abordés par la meilleure pratique

Water scarcity and drought impacts on olive trees.|Sea water pollution by discharge of urban wastewater.|Overexploitation of underground water.|Intrusion of saline water into coastal acquifers.

Décrivez les principaux problèmes liés à la dégradation des terres abordés par la meilleure pratique

Soil and groundwater salinization .
Low soil fertility.
Depletion of groundwater.

Précisez les objectifs de la meilleure pratique

To improve the efficiency of wastewater reuse for agricultural purposes.|Conservation of secular olive trees and improvement of the associated touristic value.|To improve the income of farmers trough the production of irrigated crops.|Re-establishing the balneability of the nearby coastal waters by limiting the discharge of urban wastewater.

Brève description des principales activités, par objectif

Farmers' Unions collaborated with the municipality of Ostuni to promote the use of purified urban wastewater and to provide technical assistance to farmers for growing irrigated crops, as alternative to olive trees, that are not possible without irrigation.|
Distribution of purified wastewater to farmers growing olive trees (the majority of farmers in the area have olive trees).
The municipality of Ostuni  designed a municipal wastewater reuse systems for irrigation uses to be connected to the existing purification structure.
For this purpose, the Apulia regional government funded the realization of the needed infractrastures through the FESR 94-99. |Several monitoring acitivities were made to ensure the adequate funtioning of the wastewater reuse systems. The last monitoring in 2007.|In the summer 2009, the reclaimed wasterwater was provided for free through the wastewater reuse system to the farmers who have required it.

Brève description et caractéristiques techniques de la technologie

The urban wastewater of the municipality of Ostuni is submitted to a biological purification process and to a subsequent refinement. The purified and refined wastewater is then pumped from an open stocking basin toward the irrigation distribution grilles. The whole purification, refinement and distribution system was constructed taking into account the size of the potential irrigated area.|
The wastewater reuse system has an operative capacity of 6000 mc per day with a maximum flow of 100 L per second. The stocking basin for the purified and refined wastewater contains up to 1000 mc.  
The quality of the purified wastewater is high respecting all the legal requirements according to the table 4 of the appendix 5 of the D.L. n. 152/1999.

Nom et adresse de l’institution développant la technologie

Ostuni municipality|Palazzo San Francesco, Piazza della Libertà n. 67, 72017 Ostuni.

La technologie a-t-elle été développée en partenariat ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des partenaires :

Apulia Water Association (Acquedotto Pugliese)

Précisez le cadre de promotion de la technologie

• Initiative locale

La participation des parties prenantes locales, y compris des OSC, a-t-elle été recherchée au cours du développement de la technologie ?

Oui

Dressez la liste des parties prenantes locales:

Municipality|Citizens|Farmer's union|Farmers

Précisez le rôle des parties prenantes ci-dessus dans la conception, l’introduction, l’utilisation et la maintenance de la technologie, le cas échéant.

The conservation of the secolar olive trees is a priority for the local community since they associate to them a strong element of identity of their territory and one of the most important touristic attractive factors. Local institutions have interest to promote strategies for the preservation of this heritage and also for its valorization to create economic benefits to the territory (multifunctionality). Farmers attribute to olive trees a major economic value, not primarily associated with productivity, but mainly for the increased opportunities created by the access to funds finalized to the conservation of secolar olive trees and by an improved commercial allocation of their products due the promotion of the touristic flow.

La population vivant sur ou à proximité du site a-t-elle été impliquée dans le développement de la technologie?

Oui

Par quels moyens?

• Approches participatives
• Autre (précisez)

Précisez:

Articles in the local newspapers.
Advertisement on the local television and radio.

Décrivez les impacts sur site (les deux principaux impacts par catégorie)

Conservation of the local biodiversity.
Increase of the touristis flow.
Potential reduction of the groundwater salinization due to the reduction of the overexploitation of the groundwater.
Increased productivity of olive trees.
Increase of farmers' incomes by the introduction of higher-valued crops (irrigated horticultural crops) and by better market opportunities through the increasing of the tourists in the territory.
Opportunities to introduce horticultural crops in the farming systems.

Décrivez les deux principaux impacts hors site (dans les environs)

Development of tourist activities related to the secular olive trees leading to economic benefits to the sourrounding area.
The success of the practice (even if applied for one year) could stimulate the wasterwater reuse for agricultural purposes in other areas of the Apulia Region already equipped with the purification and refinement infrastructures but never used so far.

Impact sur la biodiversité et le changement climatique

Décrivez:

The increased water availability has preserved the secular olive trees from the disappearance.
The duration of the practice has been too short so far to have impacts on climate change mitigation.
Increased adaptation to drought of the farming systems through the reclaimed wastewater availability for irrigation.
The positive collaboration and co-learning developed between the municipality of Ostuni and the Apulia Water Association was one of the main ingredients for the success of the practice and it could be important for future actions to increase the community capacity to adapt to environmental changes

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée?

Une analyse coût-avantage a-t-elle été réalisée? :

Non

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites?

La technologie a-t-elle été diffusée/introduite sur d’autres sites? :

Non

Des mesures d’incitation ont-elles été mises en place pour faciliter le lancement de la technologie?

Des mesures d’incitation ont-elles été mises en place pour faciliter le lancement de la technologie?

Oui

Précisez le type de mesure d’incitation:

• Mesures d’incitation financières (telles que des taux préférentiels, aide d’État, subventions, dons, prêts, etc.)

Pouvez-vous identifier les trois principales conditions ayant favorisé la réussite de la meilleure pratique/technologie présentée?

Availability of funds (FESR 94-99) for the realization of the infrastructures.
A strong policy support (conducive political context), depending on the high environmental attitude of the regional government in the last years, that pushed the use of the refinement and reuse system for wastewater that was already available but never used. Important regional policy instruments are the Water Conservation Program and the D.R. n. 662/2006.|
Collaboration between the municipality of Ostuni and the Apulia Water Association that created reciprocal trust and develop and exchange of technical knowledge.

Réplication

Selon vous, la meilleure pratique/technologie proposée peut-elle reproduite, y compris avec un certain degré d’adaptation?

Oui

Si oui, à quel niveau?

• Local
• Régional

Liées aux ressources humaines

The involvement of the local community with the Environmental Forum organized within the Agenda 21 activities was very important to enhance the sensitivity towards the environmental issues at local scale.

Liées aux aspects financiers

We don't have information of the cost of the entire practice, associated to the realization of the infrastructures, to the maintainance costs of the purification, refinement and distribution of wastewater system, to the promotion activities carried out by the municipality. Further data should be collected to make a financial assessment.|The costs for the realization of the purification and refinement systems were covered by FESR funds and by the municipality of Ostuni, but for their functioning and maintainance the Apulia Water Association has been responsible so far. although the D.R. n. 662/2006 established a contribution from the local community with water taxes. It is urgent to clarify these roles if the practice is expected to continue.

Liées aux aspects techniques

The use of wastewater showed to be an efficient tool for saving water and for water quality protection. |The purification and refinement tecniques applied showed to be efficient for obtaining water suitable for irrigation and characterized by biological and chemical traits above the legal thresholds.