1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de l'Approche

Nom du projet qui a facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Soil protection and rehabilitation for food security (ProSo(i)l)

Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)

Alliance Bioversity and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (Alliance Bioversity-CIAT) - Kenya

1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées

Quand les données ont-elles été compilées (sur le terrain)?

09/02/2023

Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:

Oui

1.4 Références au(x) questionnaire(s) sur les Technologies de GDT

2.1 Courte description de l'Approche

The Soil Fertility Improvement Cluster approach engages five or more farmers living in a village who share skills and labour to prepare and use improved compost as well as to demonstrate it to non-member of the group.

2.2 Description détaillée de l'Approche

Description détaillée de l'Approche:

The Soil Fertility Improvement Cluster approach engages five or more farmers living in a village who share skills and labour. Soil fertility improvement interventions in Kersa district of Jimma zone follows this approach. A cluster introduces diverse benefits to the participants including access to a package of inputs, and other benefits and services. Furthermore, it creates awareness and facilitates the adoption and diffusion of various soil fertility improvement technologies such as the preparation and use of improved compost. Kersa district, as one of the scaling out woredas for the Integrated Soil Fertility Management Project (ISFM+), strives to spread appropriate technologies against the growing issues of soil degradation, particularly soil acidity. The approach aims to promote collective learning and action where labour is shared amongst the participating farmers.
The district/Woreda Office of Agriculture’s Soil Fertility Improvement Unit organises annual training for 20 to 40 model farmers from different kebeles, of which five or more are located in the same village and can form a cluster. At the end of the training, the woreda office of agriculture donates a spade or other farm tool as an incentive to engage the participants in the preparation of organic fertilizers such as improved compost and vermicompost. Strict follow-up is carried out, with technical support provided by woreda development actors.
On top of the training organized on improved soil fertility by the woreda office of agriculture experts, a local NGO known as “FC Ethiopia” provides experience exchange visits to other parts of Oromia where improved compost was piloted. This technology involves different activities for the production of improved compost (described in detail as a Technology in the WOCAT database). Farmers' participation in training, exchange visits, collective learning and action, and lessons learning from the actual use of this organic fertilizer vis-à-vis using synthetic fertilizers motivates farmers to uptake and implement the technology. Land users like the simplicity of preparing the compost which takes less time than conventional compost preparation.

2.3 Photos de l'approche

2.4 Vidéos de l'Approche

2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où l'Approche a été appliquée

2.6 Dates de début et de fin de l'Approche

2.7 Type d'Approche

• initiative/ innovation récente locale

2.8 Principaux objectifs de l'Approche

To learn and prepare improved compost in a group, and restore the increasingly growing problems of soil acidity, the main causes of soil degradation in the area.

2.9 Conditions favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre de la(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche

3.1 Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles

3.2 Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche

	Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales	Spécifiez qui était impliqué et décrivez les activités
initiation/ motivation	interactive	SLM experts and extension workers provide technical support, and a group of farmers jointly learn and implement the technology.
planification	interactive	Extension workers engage in the planning process.
mise en œuvre	auto-mobilisation	Farmers are keen to learn and implement the technology via group steering and self-mobilization.
suivi/ évaluation	interactive	Woreda SLM experts, extension workers, and farmers engaged in participatory evaluation and learning in a cluster.

3.3 Diagramme/ organigramme (si disponible)

3.4 Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies

Indiquez qui a décidé de la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies à mettre en œuvre:

• principalement les exploitants des terres soutenus par des spécialistes de la GDT

Spécifiez sur quelle base ont été prises les décisions:

• les résultats de recherches?
• expériences et opinions personnelles (non documentées)

4.1 Renforcement des capacités/ formation

Une formation a-t-elle été dispensée aux exploitants des terres/ autres parties prenantes?

Oui

Spécifiez qui a été formé:

• exploitants des terres
• personnels/ conseillers de terrain

Si pertinent, spécifiez le genre, l'âge, le statut, l'ethnie, etc.

A few women farmers participated in the training among other men counterparts.

Formats de la formation:

• sur le tas

Thèmes abordés:

Improving soil fertility using organic fertilizers, acid soil management, crop residue management, crop rotation, etc.

4.2 Service de conseils

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils accès à un service de conseils?

Oui

Spécifiez si le service de conseils est fourni:

• dans les champs des exploitants?
• dans des centres permanents

Décrivez/ commentez:

Advisory service is often given at Farmers Training Center (FTC) and complemented by field visit and provision of on- the- spot technical support and counseling services.

4.3 Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)

Des institutions ont elles été mises en place ou renforcées par le biais de l'Approche?

• oui, un peu

Spécifiez à quel(s) niveau(x), ces institutions ont été renforcées ou mises en place:

• local

Décrivez l'institution, ses rôles et responsabilités, ses membres, etc.

Farmers cluster (soil fertility improvement group). Member farmers jointly learn the technique of producing organic fertilizers, SLM practices, and sharing labor during the time of applying the fertilizer to the farm.

Précisez le type de soutien:

• renforcement des capacités/ formation

4.4 Suivi et évaluation

Le suivi et l'évaluation font ils partie de l'Approche? :

Oui

Commentaires:

The monitoring and evaluation are conducted by Woreda SLM experts and seldom with member of the woreda administration and the land users.

Si oui, ce document est-il destiné à être utilisé pour le suivi et l'évaluation?

Non

Commentaires:

As the district/woreda is one of the scaling up woredas for the ISFM+ project, it may/may not be used for the documentation.

4.5 Recherche

La recherche a-t-elle fait partie intégrante de l’Approche?

Non

5.1 Budget annuel de la composante GDT de l'Approche

Si le budget annuel précis n'est pas connu, indiquez une fourchette:

• 2 000-10 000

Commentez (par ex. principales sources de financement/ principaux bailleurs de fonds):

Actually, specific data for operational data is not available at the level of the compost production cluster since the training and exchange visits were organized by the woreda office of Agriculture and an NGO. Of course, there are huge labor costs spent by land users to access the feedstock. Also, materials/accessories and farm tools cost for compost production was not precisely accounted for.

5.2 Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres

Les exploitants des terres ont-ils reçu un soutien financier/ matériel pour la mise en œuvre de la Technologie/ des Technologies?

Oui

Si oui, spécifiez le(s) type(s) de soutien, les conditions et les fournisseurs:

Material support during the training such as farm tools (spade/fork) only.

5.3 Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques (incluant la main d'œuvre)

• aucun

5.4 Crédits

Des crédits ont-ils été alloués à travers l'Approche pour les activités de GDT?

Non

5.5 Autres incitations ou instruments

D'autres incitations ou instruments ont-ils été utilisés pour promouvoir la mise en œuvre des Technologies de GDT?

Oui

Si oui, spécifiez:

The woreda SLM/Soil Fertility Improvement unit sometimes purchase surplus organic fertilizer produced by land users to promote them consistently produce and use to restore their soil fertility and address threat of degradation.

6.1 Impacts de l'Approche

6.2 Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT

6.3 Durabilité des activités de l'Approche

Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en œuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur)?

• oui

Si oui, décrivez de quelle manière:

Farmers enjoy the benefit accrued from the production and use of improved compost. It improves soil fertility and mitigates the effects of soil acidity on the best use of synthetic fertilizers. Also, land users are enjoying the sale of surplus production. At least about 0.5 tons of compost is harvested from a pile which increases the cumulative production of as many heaps as possible.

6.4 Points forts/ avantages de l'Approche

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres
The approach is based on preliminary training, exchange visit, motivation, and technical support.
It promotes mutual learning at the local level and allows other stakeholders to learn from the pilot activities.
As it is less labor-demanding and matured shortly compared to conventional compost making, it has a high rate of scaling opportunity.

Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé
It is an inspiring initiative in the middle of adversity relating to soil degradation so that land users learn from one another, and arrest the ongoing soil degradation.
The technology can be easily scaled up as the district is located in high biomass production areas that serve as a source of feedstock to produce more compost as compared to the other part of the country where there is huge competition for multiple uses of crop residue as an ingredient for compost making.
Farmer clusters promote collective learning, labor sharing, and transferring knowledge and skills to other land users as peer learning has groundbreaking effects over centralized advisory services associated with conceptual than practical showcasing.

6.5 Faiblesses/ inconvénients de l'Approche et moyens de les surmonter

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue de l’exploitant des terres	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
All members of the cluster do not actively participate in collective action.	Promote the active participation of the member of the cluster by strengthening ties and labor-sharing traditions. Also, to engage family labor to cover the gaps.

Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé	Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés?
Limited stakeholders participation as it is not project-based and is being derived from the motivation and goodwill of Woreda soil fertility improvement unit experts and the model farmers who are members of the cluster.	Create more awareness of the approach. Also, the woreda needs to acknowledge and institutionalize such a beneficial approach that strives to promote collective action against the growing issues of land degradation.

7.1 Méthodes/ sources d'information

7.2 Références des publications disponibles

Titre, auteur, année, ISBN:

CLUSTER FARMING AS NEW APPROACH IN ETHIOPIA. Dejene Mamo. 2019. Conference: Academic presentation

Disponible à partir d'où? Coût?

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/347976115_CLUSTER_FARMING_AS_NEW_APPROACH_IN_ETHIOPIA

7.3 Liens vers les informations pertinentes disponibles en ligne

Titre/ description:

Collective Action in Rural Communities

URL:

https://resources.uwcc.wisc.edu/Research/AFRI_final_report_full.pdf