EXTENSION OF SUNN HEMP AS A SOIL AMENDMENT IN SALINE SOILS [Thaïlande]
- Création :
- Mise à jour :
- Compilateur : Laksamee Mettpranee
- Rédacteur : –
- Examinateurs : William Critchley, Rima Mekdaschi Studer
approaches_7275 - Thaïlande
Voir les sections
Développer tout Réduire tout1. Informations générales
1.2 Coordonnées des personnes-ressources et des institutions impliquées dans l'évaluation et la documentation de l'Approche
Personne(s) ressource(s) clé(s)
exploitant des terres:
Siangsunthia Mana
House No. 27, Moo 5, Ban Kok Phrom, Non Thai sub-district, Non Thai district, Nakhon Ratchasima province
Thaïlande
complier:
co-compiler:
Raksasarp Pitchanun
Land Development Department
Thaïlande
co-compiler:
Reviewer:
reviewer:
Nom du projet qui a facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)
Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)Nom du ou des institutions qui ont facilité la documentation/ l'évaluation de l'Approche (si pertinent)
Land Development Department (Land Development Department) - Thaïlande1.3 Conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées
Quand les données ont-elles été compilées (sur le terrain)?
2013
Le compilateur et la(les) personne(s) ressource(s) acceptent les conditions relatives à l'utilisation par WOCAT des données documentées:
Oui
1.4 Références au(x) questionnaire(s) sur les Technologies de GDT
SUNN HEMP AS A SOIL AMENDMENT AND FOR … [Thaïlande]
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) has been promoted by the Land Development Department as a green manure plant with the objectives of increasing soil organic matter, improving soil fertility and reducing salinity levels.
- Compilateur : Laksamee Mettpranee
2. Description de l'Approche de GDT
2.1 Courte description de l'Approche
An outreach programme aims to educate farmers about the benefits of ploughing rice stubble into the soil and incorporating green manure crops such as sunn hemp - as well as other sustainable practices. Groups of farmers are formed, and they are assisted by various organisations including the Land Development Department and volunteer "soil doctors".
2.2 Description détaillée de l'Approche
Description détaillée de l'Approche:
An outreach programme aims to educate farmers about the benefits of ploughing rice stubble into the soil, while incorporating green manure crops such as sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea). It also provides demonstrations on proper and effective SLM techniques that enable farmers to apply this knowledge to improve their own lands. Farmers can generate greater and more sustainable income while reducing production costs. Agricultural staff of the Nakhon Ratchasima Land Development Station coordinate with local government agencies to organize activities and lead campaigns: they also help in planning and group formation. One particular group of 50 farmers is part of a project to encourage the use of organic substances instead of chemicals. A nine-member committee coordinates and drives its activities.
The purpose of group establishment is to exchange knowledge, create networks and develop clusters of active participant farmers to trade experience with SLM in relation to rice growing– including the cultivation of green manures and sunn hemp.
Agricultural academics and officers of the Land Development Department give training, as well as continuous advice, knowledge and support in managing areas with saline soils. The Rice Department provides salt tolerant varieties of rice. Government agencies provide some funding for the approach. They help preparing the learning process for coaching farmers in methods of natural agriculture. Study tours are also organised. Furthermore, a group of volunteer “soil doctors” with knowledge and expertise in the area lend their assistance and collaboration (note that the organisation and activities of soil doctors in Thailand has already been described in WOCAT’s global database). In addition, monitoring is carried out jointly between farmers and officers of Land Development Department.
Between 2010-2011, Land Development Department officials promoted farmers to plant Sunn hemp to plow and cover the soil and create seedbeds to collect seeds for use in the next season, which reduces production costs and increases organic matter in the soil.
2.3 Photos de l'approche
Galerie Médias
2.4 Vidéos de l'Approche
Lieu:
Moo.5 Bankokprom, Nonthai District, Nakhonratchasima province
2.5 Pays/ région/ lieux où l'Approche a été appliquée
Pays:
Thaïlande
Région/ Etat/ Province:
Nakhonratchasima
Autres spécifications du lieu :
Moo 5, Ban Kok Phrom, Non Thai sub-district, Non Thai district
Map
×2.6 Dates de début et de fin de l'Approche
Date (année) de fin de l'Approche (si l'Approche n'est plus appliquée):
2013
2.7 Type d'Approche
- fondé sur un projet/ programme
2.8 Principaux objectifs de l'Approche
1. To build knowledge and understanding, and to provide farmers with access to soil, water and plant management technology to sustainably utilize saline soil areas.
2. To transfer knowledge regarding green manure plants (sunn hemp)-based saline soil management.
2.9 Conditions favorisant ou entravant la mise en œuvre de la(des) Technologie(s) appliquée(s) sous l'Approche
disponibilité/ accès aux ressources et services financiers
- favorise
Volunteer soil doctors and government agencies provided assistance and resources, including funding and knowledge.
collaboration/ coordination des acteurs
- favorise
A group of volunteer soil doctors with knowledge and expertise in the area and surrounding areas lent their assistance and collaboration.
connaissances sur la GDT, accès aux supports techniques
- favorise
Farmer,s farmer groups, land users, students and others use green manure crops to increase rice production and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers in saline soil areas and to strengthen the agricultural sector. The purpose of a group establishment is to exchanges knowledge, create networks and develop groups of farmers who use green manure in saline soil areas.
3. Participation et rôles des parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche
3.1 Parties prenantes impliquées dans l'Approche et rôles
- exploitants locaux des terres / communautés locales
Group members accounting for 50 people
Taking action together to make the group and the network become strong in utilizing land correctly and suitably
- Spécialistes de la GDT/ conseillers agricoles
Agricultural academics and officers of Land Development Department
Give advice, knowledge and support factors of production in managing areas with saline soil continuously
- chercheurs
1. Officers from Land Development Department
2. Students from Suranaree University of Technology
1. Monitor and assess saline soil management with organic matter together with water management in the area growing rice.
2. Study and use of electromagnetic measurement tools to predict soil salinity in the area for the benefit of salie land management during the growing season.
- gouvernement local
Non Thai Agriculture Marketing Organization
Non Thai Informal Education
1. Participate and coordinate in establishing the group
2. Preparing the learning process of conducting agricultural farming through the method of natural agriculture
3.2 Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales aux différentes phases de l'Approche
| Participation des exploitants locaux des terres/ communautés locales | Spécifiez qui était impliqué et décrivez les activités | |
|---|---|---|
| initiation/ motivation | interactive | Government agencies, group members transfer knowledge and take a study tour in order to implement learning and experiences in their own areas |
| planification | interactive | Agricultural academics and officers of Nakhon Ratchasima Land Development Station participate in planning to establish the group of using organic substances to replace agricultural chemicals. |
| mise en œuvre | interactive | The member group determines group rules and regulations together. |
| suivi/ évaluation | interactive | Monitor and check together with Farmers and officers of Land Development Department |
3.3 Diagramme/ organigramme (si disponible)
Description:
Nakhon Ratchasima Land Development Station coordinates with local government agencies to organize activities and campaign for plowing and burying rice stubble and green manure plants of Sunn hemp to improve the soil. Collaborating with government agencies both internally, such as the Land Management Research and Development Division, and externally, such as Rice Department, Cooperative Auditing Department and educational institutions. By participating in the transfer of knowledge in various fields, leading to the same goal: farmers can generate income and reduce production costs in their agricultural areas sustainably.
3.4 Prises de décision pour la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies
Indiquez qui a décidé de la sélection de la Technologie/ des Technologies à mettre en œuvre:
- principalement les exploitants des terres soutenus par des spécialistes de la GDT
Spécifiez sur quelle base ont été prises les décisions:
- l'évaluation de connaissances bien documentées en matière de GDT (prises de décision fondées sur des preuves tangibles)?
4. Soutien technique, renforcement des capacités et gestion des connaissances
4.1 Renforcement des capacités/ formation
Une formation a-t-elle été dispensée aux exploitants des terres/ autres parties prenantes?
Oui
Spécifiez qui a été formé:
- exploitants des terres
- personnels/ conseillers de terrain
- Volunteer Soil Doctors
Si pertinent, spécifiez le genre, l'âge, le statut, l'ethnie, etc.
These knowledge sharing events and trainings are gender balanced.
Formats de la formation:
- sur le tas
- entre agriculteurs (d'exploitants à exploitants)
- zones de démonstration
4.2 Service de conseils
Les exploitants des terres ont-ils accès à un service de conseils?
Oui
Spécifiez si le service de conseils est fourni:
- dans les champs des exploitants?
- dans des centres permanents
Décrivez/ commentez:
Consulting services: Land users access consulting services provided by volunteer soil doctors stationed at Non Thai district and the government agency "Nakhon Ratchasima Land Development Station".
4.3 Renforcement des institutions (développement organisationnel)
Des institutions ont elles été mises en place ou renforcées par le biais de l'Approche?
- oui, modérément
Spécifiez à quel(s) niveau(x), ces institutions ont été renforcées ou mises en place:
- local
- régional
- national
Décrivez l'institution, ses rôles et responsabilités, ses membres, etc.
- Non Thai Agricultural Marketing Organization, Nakhon Ratchasima province gives help and support in terms of meeting venues, facilitating collaboration
- Nakhon Ratchasima Land Development Station organizes training and supports factors of production, increases knowledge and regulations of establishing the group.
Précisez le type de soutien:
- renforcement des capacités/ formation
4.4 Suivi et évaluation
Le suivi et l'évaluation font ils partie de l'Approche? :
Oui
Si oui, ce document est-il destiné à être utilisé pour le suivi et l'évaluation?
Non
4.5 Recherche
La recherche a-t-elle fait partie intégrante de l’Approche?
Oui
Spécifiez les thèmes:
- technologie
Donnez plus de détails et indiquez qui a mené ces recherches:
The research monitors and evaluates soil management for rice cultivation in saline soil areas by supporting the assessment of soil fertility and salinity values in order to plan sustainable saline soil management in response to current and future climate change. It is carried out by Miss Wannaporn Phonsang (Land Development Department) and other agriculturalists and field data collectors.
5. Financement et soutien matériel externe
5.1 Budget annuel de la composante GDT de l'Approche
Si le budget annuel précis n'est pas connu, indiquez une fourchette:
- < 2 000
Commentez (par ex. principales sources de financement/ principaux bailleurs de fonds):
Land Developmet Department
5.2 Soutiens financiers/ matériels fournis aux exploitants des terres
Les exploitants des terres ont-ils reçu un soutien financier/ matériel pour la mise en œuvre de la Technologie/ des Technologies?
Oui
Si oui, spécifiez le(s) type(s) de soutien, les conditions et les fournisseurs:
Green manure seed varieties and the establishment of green manure seed banks.Land development department provides green manure whereas seed banks provides seeds for land users
5.3 Subventions pour des intrants spécifiques (incluant la main d'œuvre)
- main d'œuvre
| Dans quelle mesure | Spécifiez les subventions |
|---|---|
| entièrement financé | Farmers |
- intrants agricoles
| Spécifiez les intrants subventionnés | Dans quelle mesure | Spécifiez les subventions |
|---|---|---|
| semences | en partie financé | Land Development Department |
Si la main d'œuvre fournie par les exploitants des terres était un intrant substantiel, elle était:
- récompensée avec un autre soutien matériel
5.4 Crédits
Des crédits ont-ils été alloués à travers l'Approche pour les activités de GDT?
Non
5.5 Autres incitations ou instruments
D'autres incitations ou instruments ont-ils été utilisés pour promouvoir la mise en œuvre des Technologies de GDT?
Oui
Si oui, spécifiez:
Farmers who adopt the technology of using green manure crops will be selected to participate in the project with the Department of Land Development and will receive support for agricultural production factors as well as green manure crop seeds.
6. Analyses d'impact et conclusions
6.1 Impacts de l'Approche
Est-ce que l'Approche a autonomisé les exploitants locaux des terres, amélioré la participation des parties prenantes?
- Non
- Oui, un peu
- Oui, modérément
- Oui, beaucoup
This approach encourages farmers to form groups and use Sunn hemp to improve and restore saline soil.
Est-ce que l'Approche a aidé les exploitants des terres à mettre en œuvre et entretenir les Technologies de GDT?
- Non
- Oui, un peu
- Oui, modérément
- Oui, beaucoup
Farmers in the area have embraced growing Sunn hemp as green manure to restore and improve saline soil, using it regularly and consistently.
Est-ce que l'Approche a amélioré les connaissances et les capacités des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT?
- Non
- Oui, un peu
- Oui, modérément
- Oui, beaucoup
This approach effectively enhances knowledge in managing saline soil for rice cultivation.
6.2 Principale motivation des exploitants des terres pour mettre en œuvre la GDT
- augmenter la rentabilité/ bénéfice, rapport coûts-bénéfices
- réduire la dégradation des terres
- conscience environnementale
- améliorer les connaissances et compétences en GDT
6.3 Durabilité des activités de l'Approche
Les exploitants des terres peuvent-ils poursuivre ce qui a été mis en œuvre par le biais de l'Approche (sans soutien extérieur)?
- oui
6.4 Points forts/ avantages de l'Approche
| Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue de l'exploitant des terres |
|---|
| 1. Land users monitor climatic changes in predicting disasters to occur. This is used as data for planning cultivation. As a result, there will be no damage during yield harvesting. |
| 2. Regarding knowledge in managing soil, water and plants for utilization in areas with saline soil, previously, rice farming could be conducted only and there was lack of knowledge of correct and suitable saline soil amendment until currently, costs of production can be reduced. |
| 3. The fact that the wisdom obtained from learning and practices has been applied together with academic principles to restore areas with saline soil which are limitations and obstacles during the past ten years have been eliminated makes farmers utilize areas with saline soil sustainably. |
| Points forts/ avantages/ possibilités du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé |
|---|
| Farmers have knowledge and understanding. And accept the technology of saline soil improvement with green manure before planting. |
6.5 Faiblesses/ inconvénients de l'Approche et moyens de les surmonter
| Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue de l’exploitant des terres | Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés? |
|---|---|
| Before implementing the technology of planting sunn hemp as a green manure plant, the cultivation area is outside the irrigation zone. This has an effect on biomass of the sunn hemp | |
| The farmers who join the group are ready to learn and observe the surrounding environment, including keeping up with climatic changes all the time. At certain time, there is shortage of labor. There are problems of expensive oil | establishing the group is the guideline to solve the mentioned problem. |
| Faiblesses/ inconvénients/ risques du point de vue du compilateur ou d'une autre personne ressource clé | Comment peuvent-ils être surmontés? |
|---|---|
| Climate fluctuations It doesn't rain according to season. Resulting in flooding, drought, which affects the use of green manure biomass |
7. Références et liens
7.1 Méthodes/ sources d'information
- visites de terrain, enquêtes sur le terrain
12
- interviews/entretiens avec les exploitants des terres
3
- interviews/ entretiens avec les spécialistes/ experts de GDT
3
7.3 Liens vers les informations pertinentes disponibles en ligne
Titre/ description:
Final report : Improving information and developing a repository of sustainable soil management practices in Asia
URL:
https://e-library.ldd.go.th/library/Ebook/bib10906.pdf
Titre/ description:
Workshop Report: Outstanding soil doctors and technology for land management Thailand 4.0
URL:
https://cesra.ldd.go.th/App_Storage/publications/files/1031_1.pdf
Liens et modules
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SUNN HEMP AS A SOIL AMENDMENT AND FOR … [Thaïlande]
Sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) has been promoted by the Land Development Department as a green manure plant with the objectives of increasing soil organic matter, improving soil fertility and reducing salinity levels.
- Compilateur : Laksamee Mettpranee
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