1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Programme for Territorial Communities, Mali (PACT)

Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH (GIZ) - Alemanha

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

Quando os dados foram compilados (no campo)?

01/07/2012

O/a compilador/a e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através da WOCAT:

Sim

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Local agreements aim to prevent and consensually manage conflicts on a site and to manage natural resources to ensure they are used rationally and sustainably.

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

A local agreement is a mutual agreement covering the ways in which shared natural resources are exploited in order to ensure their fair and sustainable use. As the national methodological guide puts it: ‘All agreements, written or otherwise, between two or more local actors and particularly social groups (socio-professional groups, village associations or communities, or factions), technical services and NGOs set the rules for accessing and using the resources in a way which ensures their conservation and their responsible and sustainable exploitation’.
The local agreement is the fruit of a series of consultation and negotiation forums involving local farmers and managers of a shared natural resource and is delivered with the support of local authorities and their technical services. These consultation and negotiation forums make it possible for all the actors involved to evaluate the status of the resource, identify problems and put forward possible solutions. The forums create a climate of trust among user groups who, despite the difficulties of living side-by-side, remain willing to come together around the same table. The management ideas resulting from the discussions and negotiations are laid down in the form of consensual management rules, collectively called the ‘local agreement’.
Stages of implementation: 1)Information and identification of key actors in the process of drawing up a local agreement. As it is not possible for everyone to participate in the consultation exercise, the process is based on delegation. 2)Natural resource diagnostic exercise: first taking a snapshot of the current state of the resource using tools like resource maps, Venn diagrams and matrices categorizing producers by product. Next, problems arising from resource exploitation and management, and possible solutions to these problems, are identified. 3)The results are fed back to actors who have not been involved in the diagnostic process in order to gather their inputs. 4)Drawing up the draft local agreement: analysing reaction to the diagnostic feedback in order to (i) take on board the most relevant inputs and (ii) flesh out and refine the ideas for regulatory solutions (concrete management rules and their associated sanctions – this constitutes the ‘draft local agreement’) without losing sight of the national legislation relating to the resource. It is during this stage that the mechanism for monitoring the implementation of the agreement is developed. 5)Feedback and validation of the draft: in order to refine the terms of the draft local agreement, the select committee instituted by all those participating in the process feeds back the results of its work and then debates them. Once the terms are agreed by all parties, it is considered validated. 6)The draft local agreement is signed by the local managers of the resource and is then considered by the territorial community and approved by the supervisory authority, where required. Hardcopies of the signed agreement are subsequently given out to key actors and it is disseminated through discussions in general meetings and on local radio. 7)Monitoring bodies are set up to monitor local agreement implementation at the village and commune levels and to deliver training on the roles and responsibilities required at these levels. 8)Monitoring and evaluation is carried out with regard to the implementation of the local agreement and the functioning of bodies tasked with monitoring the implementation.
Involved actors: Territorial communities, farmers and managers of natural resources, technical services, financial support structure.

2.3 Fotos da abordagem

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

• Baseado em projeto/programa

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities
Agreements between different actors on the sustainable and fair use of shared natural resources, reduction of conflicts
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: conflicts on and unsustainable use of natural resources

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem

	Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais	Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação	Participativo
Planejamento	Participativo
Implementação	Participativo
Monitoramento/avaliação	Participativo
Research	Passivo

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:

• Principalmente usuários da terra, apoiados por especialistas em GST

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/ formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Sim

Especifique quem foi capacitado:

• Usuários de terra

Tipo de formação:

• Reuniões públicas

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Sim

Descreva/comentários:

Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?

• Sim, moderadamente

Especifique a que nível (níveis) as instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas:

• Local

Especifique o tipo de apoio:

• Financeiro
• Reforço das capacidades/ formação

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Sim

Comentários:

technical aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations;
socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations;
management of Approach aspects were ad hoc monitored by project staff, land users through observations;
bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored by None through observations;
There were no changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation;
There were no changes in the Technology as a result of monitoring and evaluation;

4.5 Pesquisa

A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?

Sim

Especifique os tópicos:

• Sociologia
• Economia/Marketing
• Ecologia
• Tecnologia

5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem

Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:

• 2.000-10.000

Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: international: 100.0%

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Sim

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

Se a mão-de-obra pelos usuários da terra foi uma entrada substancial, isso foi:

• Voluntário

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

6.2 Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

• Sim

Caso afirmativo, descreva como:

A local agreement for managing natural resources usually applies for between three to five years. At the end of this period, the agreement must be evaluated in order to take account of new developments. PACT has been using these local agreements since 2004.
The sustainability of the local agreement depends on the level to which its terms are taken up by those who developed it and who are responsible for implementing it. It also depends on the relevance of the regulatory and technical solutions taken forward for resolving the major issues identified in the diagnostic process.

6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada
More rational and sustainable exploitation of resources
Fairer access to developed lands
Consultative management of the shared resource
Reduction and prevention of conflicts (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: The diagnostic process must reflect reality, as expressed by the beneficiaries themselves. During the diagnostic process, beneficiaries must be given guidance but must not be directly influenced. The solutions put forward must come from the beneficiaries. There must be continuity in terms of key actor representation. The results from consultation exercises must be fed back into the process. Local authorities, supervisory bodies and technical services must be involved. A set of technical measures must be implemented based on the results of the diagnostic process. These measures must reinforce the management rules.)
Local agreements on managing developed lands and facilities are drawn up for the majority of hydro-agricultural schemes (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: There must be a system in place to take action against those breaking the terms of the convention (committees and technical services))

6.5 Pontos fracos, desvantagens da tecnologia e formas de superá-los

Pontos fracos/vantagens/riscos na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada	Como eles podem ser superados?
Getting remote farmers – such as those in localities outside the scope of the local agreement – to respect the rules laid down in the local agreement can be problematic.
Once the scheme starts developing lands (increasing yields), new conflicts can arise (jealousy)

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Manual of Good Practices in Small Scale Irrigation in the Sahel. Experiences from Mali. Published by GIZ in 2014.

Disponível de onde? Custos?

http://star-www.giz.de/starweb/giz/pub/servlet.starweb

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Guide méthodologique national, élaboration d’une convention locale de gestion des ressources naturelles [National methodological guide – Drawing up a local agreement to manage natural resources], MEA (Ministry of Environment and Sanitation), June 2011

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Full-cost accounting of local agreements, PACT, October 2006

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

www.pact-mali.org