1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (DEZA / COSUDE / DDC / SDC) - Suíça

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

O compilador e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através do WOCAT:

Sim

1.4 Referência ao(s) questionário(s) sobre tecnologias da GST

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Community requested assistance to combat soil erosion, only possible when 'Drought Relief Funds' became available.

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

Aims / objectives: During the national drought of 1992, the Government made funds available for job creation to temporarily alleviate poverty in the rural areas. This community, with a population of approximately 4000, applied for funds, and suggested that the funds be used to combat soil erosion within their communal area of 3800 ha. The area was inspected by technicians from the then Lebowa Government: Directorate Agricultural Engineering, and a project site was identified where both proven high technology methods, as well as novel and unproven low technology biological methods, which can easily be adopted by relatively unskilled workers from the community, could be tried. Work started in 1992 with sufficient funds for six months. Fortunately, for the project, the national drought continued and funds were made available again during the subsequent three years for six monthly periods. No work has been done on the project since 1996 because of a lack of funds. In view of the visible improvement of the environment, the community is keen to expand the project to include more techniques to make the project more viable. The project has proved to be highly educational, not only to the local community, but also to all other communities who have visited the project. A prime example is that of the two communities from the Western Region who have adopted and adapted similar techniques at their own projects.

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

• Baseado em projeto/programa

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The Approach focused mainly on SLM with other activities (Job creation. Empower the community to practice conservation, increase production of their natural resources and to improve their quality of life. Improve biodiversity. Demonstration model for researcher & other communities.)

Rehabilitation of the environment by trapping run-off rain water to plant trees, grass and other vegetation to improve the general biodiversity.

The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Soil degradation caused by water erosion as a result of over utilisation.

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem

	Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais	Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação	Participativo	Mainly:public meetings; partly: rapid/participatory rural appraisal; Community meeting never regularly, meeting as often as needed, on side participation.
Planejamento	Participativo	rapid/participatory rural appraisal; The specialists planned and discussed it with the people
Implementação	Participativo	Mainly: casual labour; partly: responsibility for major steps; The specialists planned and discussed it with the people
Monitoramento/avaliação	Participativo	measurements/observations; Observation by technical staff, regularly reporting to the Department
Research	Passivo	on-farm; Continuous contact while working on the project.

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:

• Principalmente especialistas em GST, após consulta com usuários da terra

Explique:

consultative. Suggestions are made by technical staff to the local community for ratification.

Decisions on the method of implementing the SLM Technology were made by mainly by SLM specialists with consultation of land users. consultative. Mutual discussion between technical staff and local community.

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Sim

Especifique quem foi capacitado:

• Usuários de terra

Tipo de formação:

• Em exercício

Assuntos abordados:

People were instructed how to do the job, but not real training.

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Sim

Descreva/comentários:

Name of method used for advisory service: Government extension staff; Key elements: Range land management; 1) Advisory service was carried out through: Government's existing extension system 2) Advisory service was carried out through: Government's existing extension system; Extension staff: Mainly government employees

Advisory service is inadequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Too few officers adequately conversant with SWC.

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?

• Não

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Sim

Comentários:

bio-physical aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations
technical aspects were regular monitored through observations
There were several changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: 1) Grass growing where there were none. 2) Numbers of grass species have increased considerably. 3) Gullies are stabilizing. 4) Water run off reduced.

4.5 Pesquisa

A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?

Sim

Especifique os tópicos:

• Tecnologia

Dê mais detalhes e indique quem realizou a pesquisa:

Determine sediment deposit and erosion control of the techniques.

Research was carried out on-farm

5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem

Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:

• 10.000-100.000

Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):

Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (national - Government Drought Relief): 100.0%

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Sim

Caso afirmativo, especifique tipo(s) de apoio, condições e fornecedor(es):

A daily wage is paid by means drought relief job creation.

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

Comentários:

A daily wage is paid by means drought relief job creation.

5.4 Crédito

Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?

Não

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

• Não

Caso negativo ou incerto, especifique e comente:

It is a social problem, cause in human nature.

6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do usuário da terra
improvement of the general economic situation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Expanding it)
increase job creation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: But only for a short time)

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do compilador ou de outra pessoa capacitada
At the beginning the workers regarded the work mainly as a source of income (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Lack of understanding. After some rain had fallen that they came to realise what was being accomplished, and their enthusiasm grew steadily from that time.)
increase job creation (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: But only for a short time)
improvement of the general economic (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Expanding it)

6.5 Pontos fracos, desvantagens da tecnologia e formas de superá-los

Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos na visão do usuário da terra	Como eles podem ser superados?
lack of funds
no individual benefits for the local

Pontos fracos/vantagens/riscos na visão do compilador ou de outra pessoa capacitada	Como eles podem ser superados?
no individual benefits for the local	Land tenure
lack of funds	Find more funds

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Preliminary Report Geen Einde.Request for funding.Geen Einde - Trees planted so far.

Disponível de onde? Custos?

C.W. SpiesC.W. SpiesC.W. Spies