1.2 Detalhes do contato das pessoas capacitadas e instituições envolvidas na avaliação e documentação da abordagem

Nome do projeto que facilitou a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Decision Support for Mainstreaming and Scaling out Sustainable Land Management (GEF-FAO / DS-SLM)

Nome da(s) instituição(ões) que facilitou(ram) a documentação/avaliação da Abordagem (se relevante)

Land Development Department LDD (Land Development Department LDD) - Tailândia

1.3 Condições em relação ao uso da informação documentada através de WOCAT

Quando os dados foram compilados (no campo)?

09/10/2018

O/a compilador/a e a(s) pessoa(s) capacitada(s) aceitam as condições relativas ao uso de dados documentados através da WOCAT:

Sim

2.1 Descrição curta da abordagem

Planting perennial salt-tolerant trees in the severely salt-affected area in Lam Satad of Chi-Mun watershed was induced by the Land Development Department at A. Buayai, Nakhon Ratchasima. This project aimed at the extension of planting Acacia ampliceps through demonstration plot of 4,665 rai or 746.4 ha (1 ha = 6.25 rai).

2.2 Descrição detalhada da abordagem

Descrição detalhada da abordagem:

The rehabilitation of Acacia ampliceps on severely salt-affected soils has been the subproject of the LDD project on "Planting Perennial Salt-tolerant Trees in Salt-affected Areas in the Northeast of Thailand", which started since 1996. The area of Acacia ampliceps has extended larger than 10,000 rai through public relations, demonstration plots, a collaboration of community leaders, local governmental administration, community volunteers on soil improvement and land users.
The soil salinity map (LDD, 1995) shows the severely salt-affected land in Northeast Thailand occupies 475,204 rai. One of the technologies to decrease the salinity is to decrease the saline shallow groundwater level by planting salt-tolerant trees which are low input compared with engineering measures. The LDD has been extensively planting Acacia ampliceps through close collaboration and participation of stakeholders and demonstration plots in many severely salt-affected locations of several sub-watersheds, one of the sites being Lam Satad of Chi-Mun watershed. The objectives of the approach are (1) to extend the area of planting Acacia ampliceps to prevent and decrease salination, (2) to maximize the use of salt-affected land for a better environment and crop production, and (3) to extend the knowledge of vegetative measure for salinity control to land users and laymen.
The methods used are through (1) demonstration plot of the technology which is planting Acacia ampliceps of 2-month-old seedlings in the pit of 0.3x0.3x0.3 m as the single row on the 2 m wide, 0.5 m high bed, the top of the bed being 1.5 m wide and the number of plants per rai is 80; (2) the land users got to know the approach by public relations media, local administration, community soil doctor volunteer on soil improvement, community leaders, SLM specialists, and researchers; (3) selection of interested land users under LDD requirement is processed; (4) training of selected land users after joining the project, and (5) monitoring and evaluation is done after 1 year of planting.
Stakeholders involved are LDD researchers and SLM specialists responsible for establishing planting method, preparation of land (land leveling and beds for planting), production of seedlings and carrying out demonstration plots, as well as monitoring and evaluation and training at the beginning of planting in new areas. The local administration, community soiil doctor volunteers on soil improvement are involved in public relations, recommendations, and strengthening closer participation among farmers. Land users/farmers are to be trained and instructed to follow the technology by SLM specialists. They are also to participate in the monitoring and evaluation and persuade other land users/farmers to plant Acacia ampliceps.
The land users/farmers favour the project because they had observed that salinity could be controlled and they utilize the trees as a shade for cattle and the tree branches for producing charcoal. Besides, the land users are self-organized as a group to watch the young trees from stumbling by cattle. The disadvantage of Acacia ampliceps is its sensitivity to flash flood and forest fire. Furthermore, the production from trees is not sufficient socially and economically.

2.3 Fotos da abordagem

2.4 Vídeos da abordagem

2.5 País/região/locais onde a abordagem foi aplicada

2.6 Datas de início e término da abordagem

2.7 Tipo de abordagem

• Baseado em projeto/programa

2.8 Principais metas/objetivos da abordagem

The purpose is to scale-out the approach to persuade farmers on severely salt-affected land in other districts and provinces to grow Acacia ampliceps.

2.9 Condição que propiciam ou inibem a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias aplicada(s) segundo a abordagem

3.1 Partes interessadas envolvidas na abordagem e seus papéis

3.2 Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais nas diferentes fases da abordagem

	Envolvimento do usuários de terra/comunidades locais	Especifique quem estava envolvido e descreva as atividades
Iniciação/motivação	Passivo	Training and demonstration plot was held in the study area.
Planejamento	Participativo	Public hearing planning was set up before the beginning of the project.
Implementação	Apoio externo	Some farmers were hired labourers in this project.
Monitoramento/avaliação	Participativo	Volunteer soil doctors and community volunteers were in charge of the coordination.

3.3 Fluxograma (se disponível)

3.4 Decisão sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias de GST

Especifique quem decidiu sobre a seleção de tecnologia/tecnologias a serem implementadas:

• Principalmente especialistas em GST, após consulta com usuários da terra

Explique:

LDD started to do demonstration plot and educate farmers in 2014.

Especifique em que base foram tomadas as decisões:

• Avaliação de conhecimento bem documentado de GST (tomada de decisão baseada em evidências)

4.1 Reforço das capacidades/ formação

Foi oferecida formação aos usuários da terra/outras partes interessadas?

Sim

Especifique quem foi capacitado:

• Usuários de terra

Caso seja relevante, especifique gênero, idade, status, etnia, etc.

Mrs. Nurean Tathaisong, female, 56 years old, married, Thai

Tipo de formação:

• Áreas de demonstração

Assuntos abordados:

The rehabilitation of severely salt-affected soils by growing Acacia ampliceps could reduce household expenditure and is easy to follow.

Comentários:

Mrs. Nurean Thathaisong, female, 56 years old, married, Thai, has been playing an important role as a land user who received training and operated demonstration areas since 2014.

4.2 Serviço de consultoria

Os usuários de terra têm acesso a um serviço de consultoria?

Sim

Especifique se foi oferecido serviço de consultoria:

• nas áreas dos usuários da terra

Descreva/comentários:

1. LDD officers educate farmers in the study area.
2. There is cooperation among community leader, volunteer soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) and successful farmers.

4.3 Fortalecimento da instituição (desenvolvimento organizacional)

As instituições foram fortalecidas ou estabelecidas através da abordagem?

• Não

4.4 Monitoramento e avaliação

Monitoramento e avaliação são partes da abordagem?

Sim

Comentários:

LDD officers are in charge of monitoring, investigating survival rates and planning for reparation in the next cropping season.

Caso afirmativo, esta documentação é destinada a ser utilizada para monitoramento e avaliação?

Sim

Comentários:

There are many issues in a document, which should be used for monitoring and evaluation.

4.5 Pesquisa

A pesquisa foi parte da abordagem?

Sim

Especifique os tópicos:

• Tecnologia

Dê mais detalhes e indique quem realizou a pesquisa:

LDD researchers

5.1 Orçamento anual para o componente de GST da abordagem

Caso o orçamento exato seja desconhecido, indique a faixa:

• < 2.000

Comentários (p. ex. principais fontes de recursos/principais doadores):

Land Development Department

5.2 Apoio financeiro/material concedido aos usuários da terra

Os usuários da terra receberam apoio financeiro/material para a implementação de tecnologia/tecnologias?

Sim

Caso afirmativo, especifique tipo(s) de apoio, condições e fornecedor(es):

Cost of compost, fertilizer, rice husk, Acacia ampliceps young seedlings

5.3 Subsídios para entradas específicas (incluindo mão-de-obra)

• Mão-de-obra

• Agrícola

• Construção

Comentários:

There were many subsidies such as labour, agricultural inputs, and construction material, which are free for farmers who engaged in this project.

5.4 Crédito

Foi concedido crédito segundo a abordagem para atividades de GST?

Não

5.5 Outros incentivos ou instrumentos

Foram utilizados outros incentivos ou instrumentos para promover a implementação das tecnologias de GST?

Não

6.1 Impactos da abordagem

6.2 Principal motivação dos usuários da terra para implementar a GST

6.3 Atividades de sustentabilidade de abordagem

Os usuários da terra podem manter o que foi implementado através da abordagem (sem apoio externo)?

• Sim

Caso afirmativo, descreva como:

Most farmers have a good understanding of the rehabilitation of Acacia ampliceps on severely salt-affected soils. Moreover, farmers can get benefit of expenditure reduction through utilization of tree branches as charcoal.

6.4 Pontos fortes/vantagens da abordagem

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do usuário da terra
1) Acacia ampliceps is a perennial salt-tolerant tree, which can grow well in the severely salt-affected area.
2) Desalinization resulted from Acacia ampliceps plantation after 2 years of planting, native grasses return and become grazing land.
3) Tree branches of Acacia ampliceps could be utilized as charcoal; acacia leaves fallen on the soil revive soil properties and the land was changed from barren to trees that become shading.
4) Soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) were in charge of coordination.

Pontos fortes/vantagens/oportunidades na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada
1) There were LDD officers working with a community leader, soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) and SAO (Sub-district Administration Organization) officers, who can suggest and support necessary information to the farmer.
2) Land Development Department operates demonstration plots.

6.5 Pontos fracos, desvantagens da tecnologia e formas de superá-los

Pontos fracos/desvantagens/riscos na visão do usuário da terra	Como eles podem ser superados?
1) If a farmer does not engage with this project, he will have no knowledge how to plant Acacia ampliceps on the farm ridge. Moreover, he will not know where to buy Acacia ampliceps seeds.	The LDD has extensively worked through close collaboration and participation of community leader, soil doctors (soil improvement volunteers) and local administration officers on public relations and persuade other land users/ farmers to plant Acacia ampliceps.

Pontos fracos/vantagens/riscos na visão do/a compilador/a ou de outra pessoa capacitada	Como eles podem ser superados?
1) If a farmer doesn’t engage with this project, they don’t have knowledge how to desalinization by planting Acacia ampliceps. Moreover, they don’t know that severely salt-affected soils become less saline to become rice field after 3 years of planting Acacia ampliceps.	There must have training/ suggesting farmers to know the benefits of Acacia ampliceps planting.

7.1 Métodos/fontes de informação

7.2 Referências às publicações disponíveis

Título, autor, ano, ISBN:

Land Development Department

Disponível de onde? Custos?

http://www.ldd.go.th/

7.3 Links para informação relevante que está disponível online

Título/ descrição:

Where the land is greener - Case Studies and Analysis of Soil and Water Conservation Initiatives Worldwide

URL:

http://www.ldd.go.th/www/lek_web/