Краткое описание Технологии

Sustainable Ground Water Management through reducing pumping of the ground water to the extent of recharge. was integral part of the cropping system. The net effect of natural groundwater recharge conditions and demand side management of groundwater was visualized through static water level in the monitoring wells. Changing cropping patterns with low water requiring crops was the most crucial issue. Need based watering at critical stages of crop growth, check basin, sprinklers and drips methods in place of flooding Soil moisture conservation practices such as leveling, mulching, weeding, intercultural etc. Artificial groundwater recharge by trapping flash floods in abandoned open wells/bore wells or behind check dams, percolation pond and recharge structures.|

Местоположение

Nandyal, Distt. Karnool, Andhra Pradesh |

Краткое описание природной окружающей среды в месте применения

Level land with less than 1-3% slope
Heavy soils , Vertisols with more than 30- 35% clay
Semi- arid,receiving 650 to 800 mm annual rainfall|

Преобладающие социально-экономические условия населения, проживающего в месте применения и/или в окрестностях

Main income sources; are Agriculture and related activities, Agricultural labor, Dairying, Vegetable cultivation. |
Many owe their land  and a few have taken land on lease from big farmers.
Farmers are poor and majority of them are below poverty line.

На основании какого критерия и/или показателя (не относящихся к Стратегии) предложенная практика и соответствующая технология считается передовой?

Sustainable ground water management is mitigation strategy for combating DLDD. Ground water is the sole source of drinking water for survival. The practice will improve livelihood of the poor farmers. It will help improving land cover and carbon sequestration.

Основные проблемы, которые позволяет решить передовая практика

1. Sustainable ground water management
2. Sustainable productivity of food and  fodder crops
3. Combating DLDD
4. Sustainable livelihood of the people

Укажите конкретные проблемы деградации земель, которые решаются благодаря применению передовой практики

Addresses rapid depletion of ground water important for combating drought and desertification, which are main causes of land degradation in dry lands. |

Укажите цели передовой практики

1. Impart drought proofing to the area
2. Sustainability productivity from dry lands
3. Offers livelihood to the affected people
4. Rehabilitation  of degraded lands

Краткое описание и основные деятельность по каждой цели

1. Changing cropping patterns with low water requiring crops
2. Training modules dealing with water management, Integrated water management, Vermi-composting and pest control .
3. Improved varieties and farming practices
1. Ground water recharge by trapping flash floods in abandoned open wells/bore wells or behind check dams, percolation pond and recharge structures.
2. Restriction on sanction of unlimited number of tube wells.
3. Ground Water Budgeting and Matching Crop planning
1. Reducing pumping of the ground water to the extent of recharge.
2. Dissemination of groundwater information and Farmers decision making
3. Utilization of Indigenous as well as improved technology
1. Provides income for improved  livelihood of people
2. Mitigation of deteriorating ground water conditions
3. Prevents out migration due to degradation of land/water

Краткое описание и технические характеристики технологии

Participatory hydrological monitoring by stakeholders. For Ground Water Budgeting and Matching Crop planning a rigorous net work was created by farmers to monitor daily rainfall, stream-flows, fortnightly water levels, and bore well discharge to provide real time data to community for planning judicious use of available ground water. Efficient water management practices both Indigenous as well as improved were utilized in the implementation of the program. Innovative approach of behavioral changes of users. Dissemination of groundwater information and farmer decision making.|

Название и адрес организации, разработавшей данную технологию

Andhra Pradesh Farmer’s Manage Ground Water System (APFAMGS), Bharti Integrated Rural Development Society (BIRDS)|Hyderabad (Andhra Pradesh)

Была ли технология разработана в партнерстве?

Да

Перечислите партнеров:

1. Andhra Pradesh Goverrnment,
2. Bharti Integrated Rural Development Society
3. Farmers Community
4. Food and Agriculture Organization

Укажите рамки, в пределах которых осуществлялась поддержка технологии

• Другое (пожалуйста, уточните)

Поясните :

The project was conceived through FAO support in collaboration with National Government and NGO.

Способствовало ли разработке технологии участие местных субъектов деятельности, включая организации гражданского общества?

Да

Перечислите местные заинтересованные стороны, участвующие в процессе:

1. All the stakeholders participated  
2. A federation of NGOs led by BIRDS was responsible for designing and execution of  program
3. Interaction with National program at district level

Укажите роль субъектов деятельности, перечисленных выше, в проектировании, внедрении, использовании и поддержке технологии, в соответствующем случае

Participatory hydrological monitoring by stakeholders, Management Committees and their Federations at Hydrologic Unit Network level. This group was also responsible for maintenance of the field installations.|

Принимало ли участие в разработке технологии население, проживающее в месте применения технологии и/или в окрестностях?

Да

Каким образом было организовано участие?

• Методы, обеспечившие активное участие
• Другое (пожалуйста, уточните)

Поясните :

Trainings

Опишите результаты воздействия технологии на территории применения (два основных результата воздействия в каждой категории)

A few tractors, bullock drawn seed drills, threshers and rain guns were made available in the village, which could be utilized by the farmers on custom hire basis. |
An unique knowledge based approach for mobilization of community.
The high water requiring crops such as paddy, sugarcane, groundnut and cotton have been almost replaced by red gram, Okhra, green gram and short duration variety (TGA37) of ground nut.|
A Shift from flood irrigation of crops to check basins, conservation furrow irrigation, sprinklers, drips and rain guns for spray of pesticides |
Improvement in land cover as well as biomass production helped carbon sequestration and off site impacts.
Peoples’ Institution, mutually Aided Cooperative Societies have been formed, which are acting as ground water monitoring committees.|
Improvement of ground water situation and drinking water facilities to people in dry areas.

Укажите два основных результата воздействия за пределами территории применения (то есть на прилегающей территории)

Improvement in land cover has improved carbon sequestration having off site impact and global impacts
Dissemination of the model to other areas

Воздействие на биоразнообразие и изменение климата

Объясните причины:

Improvement of land cover and biomass production improves soil biota and the biodiversity of drylands. Since there is higher carbon sequestration it would also effect the climate change. Drought proofing will act as preventive measure for land degradation.

Был ли выполнен анализ "затраты-выгоды"?

Был ли выполнен анализ "затраты-выгоды"?

Нет

Была ли технология внедрена на других участках/ в других местах?

Была ли технология внедрена на других участках/ в других местах? :

Да

Где?

It has proved successful in seven districts of Andhra Pradesh in India

Использовались ли стимулы для содействия принятию предоставленных технологий?

Использовались ли стимулы для содействия принятию предоставленных технологий?

Да

Укажите характер стимулов:

• Политические или нормативно-правовые (например, имеющие отношение к требованиям и мерам регулирования, импорту/экспорту, иностранным инвестициям, поддержке научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских разработок и т. д.)
• Финансовые (например, льготные ставки, помощь государства, субсидии, денежные гранты, ссудные гарантии и т. д.)
• Налоговые (например, снижение налогов, сбор, пошлин и тому подобное или освобождение от них)

Можете ли вы определить три основных условия, которые способствовали успеху представленной передовой практики/технологии?

Replicable elsewhere with some level of adaptation;
Highly motivation of Stakeholders, farmers and their organization in to well structured  groups and cooperatives|
Replicable elsewhere with major adaptation

Тиражирование

Считаете ли вы, что предложенная вами передовая практика/технология может быть воспроизведена в другой местности, но с некоторой адаптацией?

Да

На каком уровне?

• Местный
• Субнациональный
• Национальный

Имеющий отношение к человеческим ресурсам

1. Knowledge based approach is the best way to convince communities if they learn while doing the activity
2. Group actions in participatory mode are powerful tool to combat the ground water situations  
3. Indigenous as well innovative techniques were helpful in addressing the issues of ground water management.

Имеющий отношение к техническим аспектам

1. The core message of the project is the demystification of science  and discerning otherwise invisible issues in an easy understandable language to mobilize masses
2. Empowering communities with skills and knowledge to collect, collate, understand implications of their actions and triggering discussions on possible options and initiating safe guard actions at the village level.  
3.Information based decision making goes a long way in addressing even the otherwise complicated issues