Restoration of degraded lands through participatory land use planning [Шри-Ланка]
- Создание:
- Обновить:
- Составитель: Head Soil Science
- Редактор: –
- Рецензенты: William Critchley, Rima Mekdaschi Studer
Village-based participatory land use planning
approaches_6237 - Шри-Ланка
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Развернуть все Свернуть все1. Общая информация
1.2 Контактные данные специалистов и организаций, участвующих в описании и оценке Подхода
co-compiler:
co-compiler:
Agrarian Research and Production Assistant:
Karunarachchi Mangalika
+94714955038
Department of Agrarian Development
Agrarian Research and Production Assistant Office, Galayata Kandura, Bindunuwewa, Bandarawela.
Шри-Ланка
землепользователь:
Podimenike W.M.
+94572232842
Galayata Kandura, Bindunuwewa, Bandarawela.
Шри-Ланка
Название проекта, содействовавшего документированию/оценке Подхода (если применимо)
Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Lands in Kandy, Badulla and Nuwara Eliya Districts in the Central Highlands of Sri LankaНазвание организации (-ий), содействовавших документированию/оценке Подхода (если применимо)
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka (AGRI.PDN) - Шри-Ланка1.3 Условия, регламентирующие использование собранных ВОКАТ данных
Когда были собраны данные (на местах)?
24/02/2022
Составитель и ответственный/-ые специалист(-ы) согласны с условиями, регламентирующими использование собранных ВОКАТ данных:
Да
2. Описание Подхода УЗП
2.1 Краткое описание Подхода
Microwatershed-based participatory land use planning is a systematic and interactive process that primarily focuses on the optimal allocation of village land resources according to needs and demands of the people while promoting sustainable land management. Key features of this approach are multi-sectoral coordination, multi-stakeholder engagement and the active participation of land users throughout the participatory land use planning process.
2.2 Подробное описание Подхода
Подробное описание Подхода:
The Sapugasulpatha/ Galayata Kandura microwatershed is located in Bandarawela Divisional Secretariat (DS), Badulla District, Sri Lanka. Unsustainable land management has led to land degradation causing associated challenges. There was a need to identify strategies for restoration of degraded lands while addressing water scarcity. In 2018, the Rehabilitation of Degraded Agricultural Lands Project (RDALP) introduced participatory land use planning (PLUP) for this microwatershed. Previously, stakeholders were dealt with individually. But the PLUP process relies on the active involvement of all stakeholders. Key is microcatchment level planning - embedded in multi-sectoral coordination and multi-stakeholder engagement.
The process is initiated by the district office of the Land Use Policy Planning Department (LUPPD). Firstly, the LUPPD identifies microwatersheds and develops land use/cover maps. It is assisted by the Bandarawela DS, which is the administrative body for lands in the area and has the capacity to coordinate all relevant stakeholders. Then, officers of the LUPPD meet with community leaders, representatives of farmer organizations and field level officers to verify the land use maps through field visits. Demarcation of individual plots on these maps is also carried out. Next, a field visit is conducted with all stakeholders to identify the status of land degradation and the current crop management practices. This is, effectively, “training of trainers”. Subsequently, the community prepares maps of land degradation and management types with the support of LUPPD.
This is followed by a participatory rural appraisal (PRA) process with all stakeholders. In the PRA, issues related to land degradation/use, ownership, conflicts and socio-economic concerns are discussed. Participants come to an initial consensus on solutions. After this, a detailed action plan is prepared and stakeholders identified. The next stage involves the development of land use plans for the entire microwatershed targeting the restoration of degraded and poorly managed lands. The land use plan covers both on-farm and off-farm land, and provides recommendations for SLM practices over the entire microwatershed: it serves as a detailed land restoration plan. Then, detailed discussions are held with specific stakeholders to prepare sector-based plans. This includes detailed plans for individual farms. As an example, officers of Tea Smallholdings Development Authority (TSHDA) provide inputs to develop detailed plans for smallholder tea cultivation - including plans for individual farmers. Subsequently, implementation is performed jointly by stakeholders. If, for example, a farm is identified for tea cultivation intercropped with export crops, officers both from TSHDA and the Department of Export Agriculture extend their support. The approach includes farmer field schools (FFS) conducted by the Department of Agrarian Development officers and project officers of RDALP. Moreover, farmers are encouraged to use social media (WhatsApp®) to share their knowledge and experiences with SLM practices. The local community is also exposed to examples of good SLM through field visits. The final step is evaluation and monitoring. This is performed by the officers of the Agrarian Service Development, RDALP, and also by individuals. A divisional agricultural committee is mandated to perform continuous monitoring of implementation. PLUP provides the stimulus for farmers to continue SLM - since practices are not enforced but identified themselves. Further, firm bonding is established between land users and other stakeholders, including government institutes, strengthening the likelihood of sustainability.
2.3 Фотографии, иллюстрирующие Подход
Медиа-галерея
2.4 Видеоматериалы по применению Подхода
Комментарий, краткое описание:
https://youtu.be/uHBRGYVT--M
Participatory Land Use Planning for Sustainable Land Management
Дата:
03/08/2021
Место:
Dambugasagala, Welimada
2.5 Страна/ регион/ место, где применялся Подход
Страна:
Шри-Ланка
Административная единица (Район/Область):
Badulla District - Uva province
Более точная привязка места:
Watagamuwa Grama Niladhari Division, Bandarawela Divisional Secretariat Division
Map
×2.6 Даты начала и окончания реализации Подхода
Год начала реализации:
2018
Год окончания (Если Подход больше не применяется):
2021
Комментарии:
Stakeholders continue to provide extension service for this microwatershed, even though the project was finished.
2.7 Тип Подхода
- в рамках проекта/ программы
2.8 Каковы цели/ задачи Подхода
1)Identification and mapping of degraded lands at microwatershed level.
2)Integration of multi-sectoral coordination and multi-stakeholder engagement in participatory land use planning implemented at village micro watershed level.
3)Identification of land management related issues and factors contributing to land degradation and prioritizing sustainable land use/management options through participatory approach.
4)Development and implementation of a land use plan and an action plan to restore and mitigate the degradation within the micro watershed employing PLUP approach.
5)Maintenance and promotion of ecosystem services for the sustainability of rural livelihoods.
6)Reduction of the pressure of competitive land use on natural resources.
2.9 Условия содействующие применению Технологии/ Технологий в рамках Подхода или затрудняющие его
Социальные/ культурные/ религиозные нормы и ценности
- содействуют
Greater social capital as local community is well organized with a strong social bonding among villagers. Farmer organization with leaders appointed by villagers further strengthened the bonding between people for agriculture/ land management related activities.
- затрудняют
Lack of interest of young generation on farming.
Наличие/ доступность финансовых ресурсов и услуг
- содействуют
Having access to a comprehensive land use plan for each land increases access for financial resources such as loan facilities from banks, subsidy schemes of TSHDA, Loan facilities of tea factories. Farmers have the option to come with an agreement with a leading supermarket chain in Sri Lanka to obtain financial services/materials with the promise of supplying the products exclusively to the said supermarket chain.
- затрудняют
Existing financial wellbeing of farmers and land ownership related issues limits the access.
Институциональные условия
- содействуют
National, regional and village level institutional set up is existing. Moreover, farmer organizations have strengthened the collective power of farmers to coordinate with institutes. Female farmers have formed “Sithamu” Women's Farmers' Organization and both female and male farmers in the village have formed “Galayata Kandura” Rural Farmer Organization. Land use plan serves as a common platform for the collaboration between institutes enhancing the overall synergy.
- затрудняют
Often the lack of coordination between sectoral institutes and top-down approach in decision making. Lack dedicated institutes to coordinate activities at national level.
Сотрудничество/ координация действий
- содействуют
Officers of relevant government institutes namely, DS, LUPPD, Extension service of the Department of Agriculture, Department of Agrarian Development, Department of Export Agriculture and TSHDA are willingly to support farmers. Moreover, RDALP project officers play an important role in coordinating the activity.
Нормативно-правовая база (землевладение, права на земле- и водопользование)
- содействуют
Majority of farmers own their lands (home gardens and tea smallholdings). Legal frameworks of land ownership and land and water usage are well established.
- затрудняют
Delays and complications in solving legal issues pertaining to land use
Программные документы/ руководящие установки
- содействуют
Land use policy, soil conservation act, national action plan (NAP) to combat land degradation
- затрудняют
Lack of implementation of policies and acts
Управление земельными ресурсами (принятие решений, осуществление и контроль за выполнением)
- содействуют
Presence of land use committee (at divisional level) and divisional agriculture committee (included all government institutes related to land use) for decision making. The DS is the chairperson of these committee who is also a part of the PLUP process. Farmers have the liberty to take land use decisions within the framework of land use policy and administrative framework. However, field level officers representing government institutes such as LUPPD, Department of Agriculture, Department of Export Agriculture, TSHDA play a supporting role in implementation of these decisions. Absence of Gender biasedness is a very important factor.
- затрудняют
Land ownerships, conflicts on land ownership, illegal encroachment of sensitive areas of the micro watershed and political interferences
Осведомленность в области УЗП, доступность технической поддержки
- содействуют
Farmer organizations serve as a platform to share knowledge on SLM. Strong village level extension service is facilitated by the Department of Agriculture, Export Agriculture, TSHDA and other technical services. These officers are available at Agrarian Service Centre and Wednesdays are allocated for meeting with farmers. Moreover, conducting field visits is a part of their duty. Farmer groups have been identified and introduced social media platforms such as WhatsApp® to share SLM knowledge by experts and among themselves. Farmers are capable of operating online interaction facilities such as Zoom® allowing experts to share the knowledge conveniently.
- затрудняют
Inadequacy of extension officers
Рынки (для приобретения материалов и услуг, продажи продукции) и цены
- содействуют
Farmers have the choice of marketing their products and enter into the value chain i.e. direct selling at the village vegetable market, private companies those visit to the field for purchasing their products (vegetable, spice crops and tea) and intermediate buyers. Farmers also have the option to come into a contract with a leading supermarket chain to sell their products if they are willing to adopt Good Agricultural Practices (GAP).
- затрудняют
Lack of transport facilities, low market price offered by intermediate buyers, price fluctuations
Объем работ, доступность рабочей силы
- содействуют
Most of the SLM practices which are promoted through this approach are not very labor-intensive. Often, family members are sufficient to establish the majority SLM practices.
- затрудняют
Lack of labor force due to the labor migration
3. Участие и распределение ролей заинтересованных сторон
3.1 Заинтересованные стороны, участвующие в реализации Подхода и их роли
- местные землепользователи/ местные сообщества
Land users/ village farmers (both men and women)
Express their willingness to involve in PLUP. They are involved in the entire process by actively participating for group discussions and activities with other stakeholders to identify land use related issues, prepare a community land use plan, identify SLM practices and implementation. Further, participation for training programmes and share the knowledge about SLM practices.
- организации местных сообществ
“Sithamu” Women's Farmers' Organization and “Galayata Kandura" Rural Farmer Organization
All farmers of the village are members of these community based organizations. These serve as a platform to promote the involvement of farmers in the PLUP process. Moreover, problems/issues arise in the process are discussed within the organization to come up with socially agreed solutions.
- эксперты по УЗП/ сельскому хозяйству
LUPPD, Department of Agriculture, Department of Export Agriculture, Department of Agrarian Development, TSHDA
Identification of village level micro-catchments by LUPPD
Introducing SLM technologies
Provision of training
Oversee the implementation and monitoring the success of field adopted SLM technologies
- местные власти
DS office of Bandarawela, Department of Agrarian Development, TSHDA, Department of Agriculture and Department of Export Agriculture
Involved in the PLUP process as key stakeholders responsible for advisory services, conflict resolution, capacity building and overall implementation and monitoring
- государственные власти (отвечающие за планирование или принятие решений)
LUPPD, Ministry of Environment (MOE), Natural Resource Management Centre of the Department of Agriculture
Support the preparation of land use plans within the context of legal frame work of the country
- международные организации
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Global Environment Facility (GEF)
Project coordination, partial financial support, Capacity building
Если участвовало несколько заинтересованных сторон, назовите ведущую организацию:
LUPPD
3.2 Участие местных землепользователей/ местных сообществ на разных стадиях реализации Подхода
| Участие местных землепользователей/ местных сообществ | Перечислите участников и опишите их вовлеченность | |
|---|---|---|
| инициирование/ мотивация | интерактивное | Community leaders, LUPPD, DS and RDAL Project officers. The process is initiated by the district office of LUPPD which is the responsible national level authority to prepare sustainable land use plans. The regional office identifies village level micro catchment and develop land use/cover maps. The DS serves as a body that coordinate the activity by linking relevant stakeholders. |
| планирование | интерактивное | Community leaders, land users, LUPPD, DS and RDALP officers. Planning of the PLUP process is performed by these parties. |
| выполнение | интерактивное | Land users, community leaders, Department of Agrarian Development, Department of Agriculture, Department of Export Agriculture, TSHDA, officers of RDALP, other officers representing different agriculture sectors and land users. Implementation of the restoration plan for individual farm is performed jointly by different stake holders. As an example if a farmers` land is identified for tea cultivation intercropped with export agricultural crops, officers both from TSHDA and Department of Export Agriculture extend their support for implementation. |
| мониторинг/ оценка | интерактивное | Land users, Department of Agrarian Development, RDALP officers, individual stakeholders, Department of Agriculture, officers of Natural Resource management Centre and divisional agricultural committee. Please note that participatory monitoring mechanism was implemented. |
| Marketing | самоорганизация | Land users (farmers), private companies and intermediate sellers. Farmers have the choice of marketing their products by direct selling at the village vegetable market, through private companies those visit to the field for purchasing their products (vegetable and tea) and intermediate buyers. Moreover, farmers also have the option to come into a contract with a leading supermarket chain to sell their products if they are willing to adopt Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) |
3.3 Схема реализации (если имеется)
Описание:
The PLUP described above is focused on restoration of degraded lands at microwatershed level. The multi-sectoral coordination and multi-stakeholder engagement throughout the process are key features of this process leading to the preparation of detailed restoration plan at on-farm and off-farm levels promoting sustainable land management.
Автор:
Prof. W.A.U. Vitharana
3.4 Принятие решений по выбору Технологии/ Технологий УЗП
Укажите, кто принимал решение по выбору применяемой Технологии/ Технологий:
- все участники как часть процесса совместных действий
Поясните:
This is a participatory approach in which stakeholders make collective decisions on the selection of appropriate technologies. Multi-stakeholder engagement is a prominent characteristic.
Поясните на чём было основано принятие решений:
- анализ подробно описанного опыта и знаний по УЗП (принятие решений на основе подтвержденных фактов)
- результаты исследований
- личный опыт и мнения (незадокументированные)
4. Техническая поддержка, повышение компетенций и управление знаниями
4.1 Повышение компетенций/ обучение
Проводилось ли обучение землепользователей/ других заинтересованных лиц?
Да
Укажите, кто проходил обучение:
- землепользователи
- местный персонал/консультанты
Если существенно, укажите гендерный и возрастной состав, статус, этническую принадлежность и т.д.
Training was provided for both men and women farmers of the microwatershed
Тип обучения:
- обмен опытом между фермерами
- опытные участки
- общие собрания
Тип обучения:
- social media (WhatsApp®) and online meetings via Zoom® platform
Рассматриваемые темы:
Sustainable Land Management practices, compost preparation, liquid fertilizer preparation, water harvesting techniques, soil conservation practices and pruning of fruit trees
Комментарии:
Farmers have shown a great interest on sharing knowledge and experiences through the social media
4.2 Консультационные услуги
Есть ли у землепользователей возможность получать консультации?
Да
Укажите, где именно оказываются консультационные услуги:
- на полях землепользователей
- в постоянно функционирующих центрах
Описание/ комментарий:
Well organized advisory service is available in Sri Lanka which is conducted through the field officers of the Department of Agriculture, Export Agriculture, TSHDA. These officers are available at Agrarian Service Centre and Wednesdays are allocated for meeting with farmers and making field visits is a part of their job. Moreover, members of the project team RDALP also served as trainers. Importantly, community leaders and farmer organization representatives were trained as trainers to assure the sustainability.
4.3 Институциональная (организационная) поддержка
В ходе реализации Подхода были ли организованы новые институциональные структуры или поддержаны уже существующие?
- да, умеренно
Укажите уровень, на котором структуры были укреплены или вновь созданы:
- местные
- региональный
Опишите организацию, функции и ответственность, членство и т.д.
The PLUP process strengthens the institutional coordination and their roles at village level.
Укажите тип поддержки:
- финансовая
- повышение компетенций/ обучение
- оборудование
- infrastructure
Подробнее:
Details are provided in Table 6.3
4.4 Мониторинг и оценка
Являются ли мониторинг и оценка частью Подхода?
Да
Комментарии:
Field level government officers are entrusted with the monitoring process with the participation of land users
Если да, будет ли данный документ использоваться для мониторинга и оценки?
Нет
4.5 Научные исследования
Были ли научные исследования частью Подхода?
Нет
5. Финансирование и внешняя материальная поддержка
5.1 Годовой бюджет мероприятий по УЗП в рамках Подхода
Если точный годовой бюжет неизвестен, укажите примерный диапазон затрат:
- 10000-100000
Комментарий (например, основные источники финансирования/ ключевые доноры):
GEF and local government institutions
5.2 Финансирование и внешняя материальная поддержка, предоставляемая землепользователям
Предоставлялась ли землепользователям финансовая/ материальная поддержка для применения Технологии /Технологий?
Да
Если да, укажите тип(-ы) поддержки, кто ее предоставил и условия предоставления:
Financial support for soil conservation, materials for preparation of nursery sheds (4x4 feet), vegetable seeds and fruit plants for home gardening, tea seedlings for infilling and polythene for rain water harvesting ponds
5.3 Субсидии на отдельные затраты (включая оплату труда)
- труд
| В какой степени | Опишите субсидии подробнее |
|---|---|
| профинансированы частично | Subsidy for establishment of soil conservation structures |
- оборудование
| Укажите, какие ресурсы были субсидированы | В какой степени | Опишите субсидии подробнее |
|---|---|---|
| техника | профинансированы полностью | Pruning kits for fruit tree management, Portable hole drilling machine* for establishment of tea plantations, Bush cutters*, selective plucking machines. *Provided for the Village farmer society |
| инвентарь/ инструменты | профинансированы полностью | Nursery trays |
- сельскохозяйственные
| Укажите, какие ресурсы были субсидированы | В какой степени | Опишите субсидии подробнее |
|---|---|---|
| семена | профинансированы полностью | Vegetables seeds |
| Fruit plants, Tea seedlings | профинансированы полностью | Fruit plants for home gardening and intercropped with tea, tea seedling for infilling |
- строительные материалы
| Укажите, какие ресурсы были субсидированы | В какой степени | Опишите субсидии подробнее |
|---|---|---|
| UV treated Polyethene | профинансированы полностью | UV treated Polyethene for water harvesting ponds and nursery sheds |
- инфраструктура
| Укажите, какие ресурсы были субсидированы | В какой степени | Опишите субсидии подробнее |
|---|---|---|
| Rainwater storage tank | профинансированы полностью | Rainwater storage tank to harness water for micro watershed and the downstream areas as ground water |
Если труд землепользователя был существенным вкладом, укажите, был ли этот вклад:
- добровольный
Комментарии:
Most of the time family members are engaged with field activities
5.4 Кредитование
Предоставлялись ли в рамках Подхода кредиты на мероприятия УЗП?
Нет
5.5 Другие методы или инструменты стимулирования
Использовались ли другие методы или инструменты стимулирования для продвижения Технологий УЗП?
Да
Если да, поясните:
Land use policy and agriculture policy of Sri Lanka are overarching instruments. Moreover, regulations identified in the Soil Conservation Act of Sri Lanka promote SLM technologies.
6. Анализ влияния и заключительные положения
6.1 Влияние Подхода
Сумел ли Подход расширить возможности местных землепользователей, повысить участие заинтересованных сторон?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
All land users are part of the approach which empowered land users on knowledge on land degradation, SLM practices and preparation of detailed restoration plan for degraded/poorly management lands. Moreover, training programs and field visits empowered land users with specific skills.
Сумел ли Подход дать возможность принимать решения на основе подтвержденных фактов?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
The participatory approach includes field visits, analysis of field evidences to identify degraded lands and lands those have not been properly managed. These allow land users on evidence based decision making to implement SLM practices.
Сумел ли Подход помочь землепользователям внедрить и поддерживать технологии УЗП?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
The entire process help land users to understand user specific sustainable land management options and also integrate local knowledge and experience. Since SLM options are identified by land users it enables them to implement based on available resources. Involvement relevant stakeholders (e.g. Agriculture extension officers) and training programs help land users for the implementation and maintenance of SLM technologies. Partial financial support and material support further help farmers to implement and maintain SLM practices.
Сумел ли Подход улучшить согласованность действий и повысить рентабельность применения практик УЗП:
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Multi-sectoral coordination embedder throughout the process improve coordination among stakeholders. The SLM practices which are identified by land users assured to be cost-effective and manageable.
Сумел ли Подход мобилизовать/ расширить доступ к финансовым ресурсам для применения практик УЗП?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Involvement of key institutes in the process and documentary evidence on proposed activities enhance the access to financial resources for SLM implementation.
Сумел ли Подход расширить знания и возможности землепользователей в применении практик УЗП?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Land users are trained on SLM by providing on-ground hands on experience and through online sessions. Farmers are motivated from others who have already implemented SLM practices.
Сумел ли Подход расширить знания и возможности других заинтересованных сторон?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Interaction between stakeholders is a dominant activity throughout the process. This allows knowledge sharing leading to improve capacities of all stakeholders. FAO officers, Extension officers and officers of Department of Agrarian Development visit each land plot and give further instructions
Сумел ли Подход укрепить сотрудничество между заинтересоваными сторонами/ выстроить механизмы сотрудничества?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Multiple institutions are involved in this approach and they work together in the process of land use planning.
Сумел ли Подход способствовать улучшению продовольственой безопасности/ качества питания?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Increased production of vegetables and fruits through appropriate land use planning and SLM practices enhance the village level food security
Сумел ли Подход улучшить санитарные условия и доступ к водоснабжению?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Establishment of rainwater harvesting ponds has been integrated to land use plan. Further, establishment of village level water harvesting tank increase the ground water status. This lead to access for irrigation water during the dry season.
Сумел ли Подход улучшить способность землепользователей адаптироваться к изменениям климата и смягчать последствия катастрофических погодных явлений?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Soil conservation practices and SLM practices lead to enhancement of soil organic carbon levels. Further, rainwater harvesting ponds sustain the water supply during extreme drought periods. These will contribute to the enhance climate resilience potential.
Сумел ли Подход привести к созданию новых рабочих мест/ к расширению возможностей получения дохода?
- Нет
- Да, немного
- Да, умеренно
- Да, существенно
Increase in farmer income is expected through appropriate land use planning and application of SLM practices. Especially, crop diversification options introduced and increased irrigation water availability through rain water harvesting will enhance income opportunities. E.g. intercropping of spice crops (export agricultural crops) with tea as one of the consequences of this approach
6.2 Основные причины, побуждающие землепользователей внедрять УЗП
- рост продуктивности
Increased production from home gardens and tea smallholdings
- рост прибыли (доходности) и рентабельности
Increased crop yields, thus profits are expected through proper land allocation and application of SLM practices
- снижение деградации земель
Reduced land degradation (specially soil erosion) achieved through SLM practices such as application of soil conservation measures (stone bunds, terraces, contour farming) and application of organic fertilizers (compost) produced by farmers.
- снижение риска катастрофических погодных явлений
Soil conservation practices reduce the risk of earth slips which are prevalent in the area. Rainwater harvesting ponds reduce the risk of droughts.
- материальное стимулирование/ субсидии
Subsidies were provided to implement soil conservation practices. Material support was provided for the preparation of rain water harvesting ponds, establishment of nurseries, and operations in tea lands.
- приобретение знаний и опыта в области УЗП
Land users understand the importance of SLM application for their lands through participatory approach and farmer field schools.
- улучшение эстетической привлекательности
Aesthetic value of home gardens were improved and it is given extra income for the family.
6.3 Долгосрочная устойчивость мероприятий в рамках Подхода
Могут ли землепользователи самостоятельно (без внешней поддержки) продолжать применение того, что было реализовано в рамках Подхода?
- да
Если да, опишите как:
There is a greater potential for farmers to continue SLM practices since such practices are not forcefully enforced but identified by land users themselves through a participatory approach. Therefore, SLM technologies identified by farmers suit to their socio-economic capacity. Further, strong bonding is established with land users and other stakeholders such as government institutes, that will lead to the sustainability of the approach.
6.4 Сильные стороны/ преимущества Подхода
| Сильные стороны/ преимущества/ возможности по мнению землепользователей |
|---|
| Multi-sectoral coordination and multi-stakeholder engagement throughout all activities of the approach |
| Land users perceive a sense of ownership of the SLM practice implemented through the approach |
| Training programmes conducted through online platforms motivate farmers to implement SLM on their own land while improving the awareness on SLM practices |
| Greater potential of enhancement of the farmer income through practices such as crop diversification, intercropping etc. |
| Enhanced food security |
| Сильные стороны/ преимущества/ возможности по мнению составителя или других ключевых специалистов |
|---|
| Field evidence suggested farmers have willingly embraced the approach to restore their degraded lands |
| The approach has enhanced collaborations with land users and other stakeholders |
| The approach has inculcated ownership of the entire process on land users |
6.5 Слабые стороны/ недостатки Подхода и пути их преодоления
| Слабые стороны/ недостатки/ риски по мнению землепользователей | Возможные пути их преодоления/снижения? |
|---|---|
| Marketing of Vegetables | Though farmers has access to village vegetable market, if farmers can be incorporated to the Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) program this limitation can be overcome. |
| Lack of financial resources | Formally link a financial supporting institute as a key stakeholder (e.g. Banks, social protection schemes) |
| Lack of labor | Though land users identified less labor intensive SLM practices, the provision of necessary machinery could have substitute such practices with more appropriate ones. |
| Time constraints of land users to participate continuously | Use of ICT tools and scheduling meetings at convenient times for land users |
| Слабые стороны/ недостатки/ риски по мнению составителя или ответственных специалистов | Возможные пути их преодоления/снижения? |
|---|---|
| PLUP approach is a time consuming process | Simplify the PLUP process |
| This approach requires a large number of officers to carry out | Simplify the PLUP process |
| Incompatibility of micro-watershed boundaries and administrative boundaries | Use administrative boundaries in planning process |
| Negative attitude of some institutions and some officials towards collective effort | National level stakeholders should be made aware of the project activities and incorporate them into their plans |
| Some stakeholders' involvement exceeds beyond their mandate | Ensuring that each institution executes their mandate and the due respect for their intervention |
7. Справочные материалы и ссылки
7.1 Методы сбора/источники информации
- выезды на места, полевые обследования
One field visit
- опросы землепользователей
Three families were interviewed
- опросы специалистов/экспертов по УЗП
RDAL project officers, Agriculture Research and Production Assistants
- данные, собранные из отчетов и достоверных документов
Healthy Soil Matters (FAO, United Nations Colombo, 2021)
7.2 Ссылки на опубликованные материалы
Название, автор, год публикации, ISBN:
Healthy Soil Matters, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Colombo, 2021
Где опубликовано? Стоимость?
SriCAT website
Название, автор, год публикации, ISBN:
Guidelines for participatory land use planning
Где опубликовано? Стоимость?
LUPPD
7.3 Ссылки на материалы, доступные онлайн
Название/ описание:
Healthy Soil Matters, The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Colombo, 2021
Адрес в сети Интернет:
https://sricat.net/index.php/en/media-gallery/documents/248-healthy-soil-matters
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