Comprehensive development & management of Xinxili small watershed.

Comprehensive Development & Management of a Small Watershed (中国)

描述

The comprehensive measures including interplanting & intercropping are applied in the small watershed to control soil and water loss and improve land production and farmers' income.

On the basis of the local national conditions and soil and water loss, the comprehensive SWC measures were adopted to pursue the targets including: 100% control of the soil and water loss; Ground cover rate up to 90%, among them forest cover rate reaches 85%; Adjusting agricultural structure to increase the local farmers' income of US Dollar 39337 by the end of the project implementation; Improving sluice ability in the basin. 5. Solving the problems of energy source in countryside.
The implementation stages of the project: 1990--1996: Planting trees including fruit trees. 1992--1994: preparing and programming. 1995: Initiating the program including a. planting vegetation of 461 ha; b intercropping area of 26.5 ha; c. building 2.5 km road and a water dam. 1996: a. closing mountain area 224.1 ha; b. Changing 3.3 ha of farmland to afforest; c. building a 2 km road. The Zhenghe county division of SWC took charge in preparation, programming and guidance.

地点

地点: Fujian, 中国

选定地点的地理参考
  • 119.326, 26.477

启动日期: 1990

终止年份: 1996

方法的类型
Location of Xinxili Small Watershed in Xionshan town.

方法目标和有利环境

该方法的主要目的/目标
In principle, the local farmers play main role in the SWC project and government give proper subsidy. Aiming to solve the problems of water loss and serious soil erosion, frequent natural disaster in the watershed. Considering the desire of the peasants' increasing income, comprehensive development of mountain, water, forest and farmland in the basin.
The SLM Approach addressed the following problems: Disafforestation and irrational land use led to the disasters such as flooding and land degradation, e.g.. The floods of '5.21' in 1988 and '7.22' in 1989 which caused much loss; the drought disaster in 1990 resulted in loss of 23'614 US dollars. The disasters affect the agricultural production and people's life.
推动实施本办法所应用技术的条件
  • 法律框架（土地使用权、土地和水使用权）: The existing land ownership, land use rights / water rights greatly helped the approach implementation: Because most of the mountain lands and forest belong to community, it is convenient for the management and development with large scale.
阻碍实施本办法所应用技术的条件
  • 财务资源和服务的可用性/可得性: financial crisis in the county, lack of capital Treatment through the SLM Approach: Government support and peasants raise fund by themselves

相关利益相关者的参与和角色

该方法涉及的利益相关者及其职责
该方法涉及哪些利益相关者/执行机构？ 指定利益相关者 说明利益相关者的角色
当地土地使用者/当地社区 Working land users were mainly men (Men bear main labor.)
地方政府 SWC Office of Zhenghe County
当地土地使用者/当地社区参与该方法的不同阶段
无
被动
外部支持
互动
自我动员
启动/动机
x
计划
x
Mainly: Workshops/seminars; partly: Interviews/questionnaires
实施
x
监测/评估
x
Mainly: Measurements/observations; partly: Interviews/questionnaires;
Research
x
on-station; Mainly in small watershed
流程图

Approach of the SWC implementation in Xinxili Small Watershed.

有关SLM技术选择的决策

决策是由......做出的

  • 仅限土地使用者（自主）
  • 主要是土地使用者，由SLM专家提供支持
  • 所有相关参与者，作为参与式方法的一部分
  • 主要是SLM专家，咨询土地使用者之后
  • 仅限SLM专家
  • 政治家和领袖

决策是基于

  • 对充分记录的SLM知识进行评估（基于证据的决策）
  • 研究结果
  • 个人经验和意见（无记录）

技术支持、能力建设和知识管理

以下活动或服务是该方法的一部分
能力建设/培训
向以下利益相关者提供培训
  • 土地使用者
  • 现场工作人员/顾问
  • Extensionists/trainers (2)
培训形式
  • 在职
  • 农民对农民
  • 示范区域
  • 公开会议
  • 课程
涵盖的主题

Planting skills and management as well as fertilization for orange and pear trees etc.

咨询服务
已提供咨询服务
  • 在土地使用者的土地上
  • 在固定中心
Name of method used for advisory service: Comprehensive management and development; Key elements: The enthusiasm of the local peasants, Comprehensive control and development of a small watershed., maintaining; 1) Mainly: projects own extension structure and agents, Partly: government's existing extension system 2) Mainly: projects own extension structure and agents, Partly: government's existing extension system; Extension staff: Mainly government employees 3) Target groups for extension: Land users; Activities: Technicians instruct peasants
Advisory service is quite adequate to ensure the continuation of land conservation activities; Top-down agricultural/SWC technology extension service system has been established at variable government levels, they have capability of extension all kinds of the new techniques.
机构强化
机构已强化/建立
  • 否
  • 是，少许
  • 是，适度
  • 是，非常
在下述层面上
  • 本地
  • 区域
  • 国家
描述机构、角色和职责、成员等.
支持类型
  • 财务
  • 能力建设/培训
  • 设备
进一步细节
监测和评估
technical aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations socio-cultural aspects were ad hoc monitored through observations economic / production aspects were regular monitored through measurements land users involved aspects were ad hoc monitored through measurements management of Approach aspects were regular monitored through observations There were several changes in the Approach as a result of monitoring and evaluation: Species of fruit trees constantly being improved. Technical management were perfect.
研究
研究涉及以下主题
  • 社会学
  • 经济/市场营销
  • 生态学
  • 技术

Studying on practical situation in the region, illustrating where and what fruit trees can be planted as well as their values etc.
Research was carried out both on station and on-farm

融资和外部物质支持

SLM组成部分的年度预算，以美元计算
  • < 2,000
  • 2,000-10,000
  • 10,000-100,000
  • 100,000-1,000,000
  • > 1,000,000
Precise annual budget: 不适用
Approach costs were met by the following donors: government (National - invest 24'229 USD by the SWC section): 23.0%; other (Self-raise fund by group and individuals): 77.0%
已向土地使用者提供以下服务或激励
  • 为土地使用者提供财政/物质支援
  • 特定投入的补贴
  • 信用
  • 其它激励或手段
部分融资
充分融资
农业: 种子

seedlings

x
农业: 种子: 化肥

x

土地使用者的劳动力为

影响分析和结论性陈述

方法的影响
否
是，很少
是，中等
是，支持力度很大
该方法是否帮助土地使用者实施和维护SLM技术？

Applying the mixed organic fertilizer to amend soil structure and plant grass.

x
该方法是否改善了阻碍SLM技术实施的土地使用权/用户权问题？

The land use right can help the land users to conduct development and management on the lands after signing land use right contract. The problem is likely to be overcome in the near future. Rational planning and design to adjust the proportion of farmland and woodland, timely solve the disagreement of land use.

x
Did other land users / projects adopt the Approach?

The other places in Zhenghe county have been initiating to plant fruit trees following this demonstration project.

x
土地使用者实施SLM的主要动机
方法活动的可持续性
土地使用者能否维持通过该方法实施的措施（无外部支持的情况下）？

结论和吸取的教训

长处: 土地使用者的观点
  • The economic income has increased greatly. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: It is needed for the mass to rationally use land and control the water loss and soil erosion and protect forest.)
  • The living environment of the residents have been changing more beautiful. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: Forbidding disafforesting and overgrazing.)
长处: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点
  • The technique were warmly belcome by the farmers. (How to sustain/ enhance this strength: constantly maintain primary layout, insisting maintains in long time.)
  • The land users self-conscious maintain the range of exerted plan of the SWC
  • Most regions have realized the importance of the SWC.
弱点/缺点/风险: 土地使用者的观点如何克服
弱点/缺点/风险: 编制者或其他关键资源人员的观点如何克服

参考文献

编制者
  • Unknown User
Editors
审查者
  • Laura Ebneter
实施日期: Jan. 2, 2009
上次更新: July 12, 2017
资源人
WOCAT数据库中的完整描述
链接的SLM数据
文件编制者
机构 项目
This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareaAlike 4.0 International